Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.21 (beta-glucosidase)
 3,280 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The beta-glucosidase gene of maize (ZmGLU1) was suggested to hydrolyze cytokinin-conjugate and release free cytokinin during plant growth and development. A clone containing the upstream region of ZmGLU1 was isolated and sequenced from a maize genomic library. The full-length ZmGLU1 promoter and a series of its 5' deletions were fused to the beta-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene and transferred into tobacco. The GUS activity of transgenic plants was assayed at various developmental stages. The results showed that ZmGLU1 promoter-driven GUS gene had the highest expression level in the roots and that the expression of GUS gene declined during seed maturation and down to the lowest level in mature seeds. The ZmGLU1 promoter-driven GUS expression increased during seed germination, reaching a peak on day 11. The results also showed that this promoter could be inhibited by 6-BA, trans-zeatin, and NAA, but was not affected by GA(3), ABA, SA, cold, salt, drought, and submergence treatments. The histochemical staining revealed that GUS activity was located in vigorous cell division zones with dominant staining associated with vascular tissues. Deletion analysis showed that the promoter contained a putative leaf-specific and stem-specific negative regulative element and two putative enhancers.
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PMID:Isolation of a maize beta-glucosidase gene promoter and characterization of its activity in transgenic tobacco. 1677 Jun 27

Exogenously applied ABA-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (ABA-GE) inhibited hypocotyl growth of Arabidopsis seedlings at concentrations greater than 0.3 micromol/L, and the concentration for 50% inhibition of hypocotyl growth was 1.8 micromol/L. ABA-beta-D-glucosidase activity in Arabidopsis seedlings was 17 nmol/mg protein/mim and increased by exogenously applied ABA-GE. The pH optimum of this enzyme in crude extract of Arabidopsis seedlings was 6.0 for the assay in the ABA-GE to ABA direction and its K(m) value for ABA-GE (pH 6.0) was 0.41 mmol/L. These results suggests that exogenously applied ABA-GE may be absorbed by roots and hydrolyzed by ABA-beta-D-glucosidase and librated free ABA may induce growth inhibition in Arabidopsis hypocotyls.
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PMID:Effect of ABA-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester and activity of ABA-beta-D-glucosidase in Arabidopsis thaliana. 1792 67

Differential display gels were run for the drought tolerant (N-22) and drought susceptible (Panidhan) genotypes of rice (Oryza sativa) to identify the genes showing differential expression with respect to moisture stress. Differential cDNA products were cloned in PCR-Trap vector and analyzed for differential expression by Northern hybridization. Two clones namely R4A and R7G were found to be associated with water deficit stress (WDS). Sequencing revealed an insert of 244 bp in the clone R4A. BLASTN and FASTA results showed that R4A had maximum homology with a full-length cDNA clone: 002-110-H10 and OSJNBa006109.12 protein. GO classification suggested that it had beta-glucosidase motif which had been implicated in ABA mobilization and thereby ABA dependent gene expression.
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PMID:Cloning and characterization of drought responsive partial gene sequence(s) from Oryza sativa L. subsp. Indica. 1923 24

Plants can regenerate new individuals under appropriate culture conditions. Although the molecular basis of shoot regeneration has steadily been unraveled, the role of age-dependent DNA methylation status in the regulation of explant regeneration remains practically unknown. Here, we established an effective auxin/cytokinin-induced shoot regeneration system for the resurrection plant Boea hygrometrica via direct organogenesis and observed that regeneration was postponed with increasing age of donor plants. Global transcriptome analysis revealed significant upregulation of genes required for hormone signaling and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and downregulation of photosynthetic genes during regeneration. Transcriptional changes in the positive/negative regulators and cell wall-related proteins involved in plant regeneration, such as ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5), LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN, SHOOT-MERISTEMLESS, and WUSCHEL, were associated with the regeneration process. Comparison of DNA methylation profiling between leaves from young seedlings (YL) and mature plants (ML) revealed increased asymmetrical methylation in ML, which was predominantly distributed in promoter regions of genes, such as HY5 and a member of ABA-responsive element (ABRE) binding protein/ABRE binding factor, as well as genes encoding glycine-rich cell wall structural protein, CENTRORADIALIS-like protein, and beta-glucosidase 40-like essential for shoot meristem and cell wall architecture. Their opposite transcription response in ML explants during regeneration compared with those from YL demonstrated the putative involvement of DNA methylation in regeneration. Moreover, a significant lower expression of DNA glycosylase-lyase required for DNA demethylation in ML was coincident with its postponed regeneration compared with those in YL. Taken together, our results suggest a role of promoter demethylation in B. hygrometrica regeneration.
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PMID:A role of age-dependent DNA methylation reprogramming in regulating the regeneration capacity of Boea hygrometrica leaves. 3141 12