Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.21 (beta-glucosidase)
 3,280 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The P4 variant of Dictyostelium discoideum is characterized by the production of fruiting structures in which the overall proportion of stalk to spore material is increased, relative to the wild type. The altered morphology of the mutant is due to increased sensitivity to cyclic AMP which promotes stalk cell differentiation. In the presence of 10-4 M-cyclic AMP the entire population of P4 amoebae forms clumps of stalk cells on the surface of the dialysis membrane support. Measurement of changes in activity of a range of developmentally-regulated enzymes during the development of P4 in the presence and absence of cyclic AMP has allowed us to identify three classes of enzyme: (i) Those, such as beta-glucosidase II, trehalose-6-phosphate synthetase and uridine diphosphogalactose-4-epimerase, which are required for the production of spores. (ii) Enzymes, primarily but perhaps not exclusively, required during stalk cell formation. Typical of these are N-acetylglucosaminidase and alkaline phosphatase. (iii) General enzymes, such as threonine dehydrase, alpha-mannosidase and uridine diphosphoglucose pyrophyosphorylase, which are present inboth pre-stalk and pre-spore cells and appear to be necessary for the development of both cell types.
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PMID:Enzyme activity changes during cyclic AMP-induced stalk cell differentiation in P4, a variant of Dictyostelium discoideum. 17 91

When cells of the slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum are allowed to starve in the presence of alpha-chymotrypsin, they are blocked in development at the stage where tight aggregates form tips. Analysis of developmentally regulated enzymes has shown that alpha-mannosidase, beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, threonine deaminase, tyrosine aminotransferase, beta-glucosidase and the carbohydrate-binding protein discoidin are unaffected, but enzymes that show an increase in specific activity during post-aggregative development, namely glycogen phosphorylase, UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, UDP-galactose 4-epimerase, UDP-galactose polysaccharide transferase and alkaline phosphatase, did not show the characteristic increase when development was blocked by alpha-chymotrypsin. Recovery of cells from the effects of alpha-chymotrypsin was accompanied by the formation of fruiting bodies and a concomitant increase in the specific activity of UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. Uptake or efflux of 45Ca2+ was not altered in the presence of alpha-chymotrypsin. Cells allowed to develop in alpha-chymotrypsin, or treated with the enzyme for 15 min, had a markedly reduced ability to bind cyclic AMP with low affinity; high-affinity binding was unaffected. Pronase had a similar effect on cyclic AMP binding, but trypsin, which does not alter developmental processes, has no effect on cyclic AMP binding to D. discoideum cells.
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PMID:Developmentally regulated enzymes and cyclic AMP-binding sites in Dictyostelium discoideum cells blocked during development by alpha-chymotrypsin. 715 Feb 39