Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.21 (beta-glucosidase)
 3,280 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a purified diet or one supplemented with the glycosidic plant flavonoid (+)rutin for 14 days. Rutin treatment significantly increased caecal bacterial beta-glucosidase activity (responsible for the conversion of rutin to the flavonoid quercetin) and there was an associated increase in the capacity of hepatic fractions (S-9) to activate the food pyrolysis products IQ, MeIQ and MeIQx to bacterial mutagens in vitro. Hepatic conversion of aflatoxin B1 to a mutagen was unaltered while in vitro activation of quercetin was significantly lower in tissue fractions from the rutin-fed rats compared with those from controls. Rutin treatment was without effect, however, on a number of hepatic cytochrome P-450-dependent mixed-function oxidase activities. The results suggest that products of bacterial metabolism of rutin formed in the hindgut may influence the activity of hepatic enzymes involved in the activation of certain classes of mutagen.
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PMID:Modified mutagen activation in hepatic fractions from rats fed dietary rutin--interaction between gut flora and host metabolism. 250 14

Rutin and quercitrin are hydrolysed to quercetin, and robinin is hydrolysed to kaempferol, by faecal flora from healthy subjects. The enzymes required for these hydrolyses, namely alpha-rhamnosidase and beta-galactosidase, were produced by some strains of Bacteroides distasonis; other strains, however, synthesized beta-glucosidase. The last-named enzyme was also elaborated by Bacteroides uniformis and Bacteroides ovatus. All the enzymes were produced constitutively. A cell-free extract of B. distasonis containing beta-glucosidase displayed an enzymic activity of 1 mumol/10 min per 10 mg of protein.
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PMID:Hydrolysis of dietary flavonoid glycosides by strains of intestinal Bacteroides from humans. 343 94

Rutin is a nonmutagenic flavonol glycoside, whereas its aglycone quercetin is mutagenic. Cell-free preparations from fecal cultures (fecal preparations) contain a beta-glucosidase that, when incubated with rutin, hydrolyzes it to quercetin. This activity can be further induced when rutin is added to the fecal culture from which the cell-free preparation is made. When vitamin pills that contain rutin are added to the cultures, this induction is equally effective. The vitamin extracts by themselves, like rutin, were nonmutagenic; however, when the vitamin extracts were incubated with fecal preparations containing induced beta-glucosidase, a great increase in mutagenicity was observed.
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PMID:Potential mutagenic activity of some vitamin preparations in the human gut. 650 99

Flavonoid glycosides were metabolized to phenolic acids via aglycones by human intestinal microflora producing alpha-rhamnosidase, exo-beta-glucosidase, endo-beta-glucosidase and/or beta-glucuronidase. Rutin, hesperidin, naringin and poncirin were transformed to their aglycones by the bacteria producing alpha-rhamnosidase and beta-glucosidase or endo-beta-glucosidase, and baicalin, puerarin and daidzin were transformed to their aglycones by the bacteria producing beta-glucuronidase, C-glycosidase and beta-glycosidase, respectively. Anti-platelet activity and cytotoxicity of the metabolites of flavonoid glycosides by human intestinal bacteria were more effective than those of the parental compounds. 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and 4-hydroxyl-phenylacetic acid were more effective than rutin and quercetin on anti-platelet aggregation activity. 2,4,6-Trihydroxybenzaldehyde, quercetin and ponciretin were more effective than rutin and ponciretin on the cytotoxicity for tumor cell lines. We insist that these flavonoid glycosides should be natural prodrugs.
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PMID:Intestinal bacterial metabolism of flavonoids and its relation to some biological activities. 987 9