Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.21 (beta-glucosidase)
 3,280 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The activities of six glycosidases in a rat colorectal adenocarcinoma were measured and compared with those of normal colonic mucosa. The specific activities of beta-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) and beta-glucuronidase (EC 3.2.1.31) in the adenocarcinoma were similar to those of the corresponding ones in the normal mucosa, whereas those of beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.30), alpha-L-fucosidase (EC 3.2.1.51), alpha-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.22) and beta-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21) were reduced in the former as compared with those in the latter. In the case of alpha-L-fucosidase, two forms were newly detected in the tumor. The relative abundance of three forms of beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase was quite different between the adenocarcinoma and the normal mucosa, and the level of the intermediate form in the tumor was markedly reduced. However, thermostability and Km values of two forms A and B in the tumor were not different from those of the corresponding ones in the normal tissue.
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PMID:Alteration in glycosidases from well-differentiated colorectal adenocarcinoma of rat. 404 71

The antitumor activity of a glucuronide of 5-fluorouracil, methyl (5-fluoro-1H-2-oxo-4-pyrimidinyl beta-D-glucopyranosid) uronate (FU-O-G), which is a 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) derivative with remarkably low toxicity, was studied. The antitumor activity of this compound was superior to those of 5-FU and 1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil (Tegafur, Ftorafur) in the treatment of transplantable tumors, not only 5-FU-sensitive tumors such as adenocarcinoma 755, lymphosarcoma LS-1, and plasmacytoma X5563, but also 5-FU-resistant tumors such as Lewis lung carcinoma and Walker carcinosarcoma 256. Furthermore, in the treatment of Lewis lung carcinoma, which responds poorly to 5-FU and Ftorafur, daily administration of FU-O-G at a dose of 400 mg/kg for 30 days produced a 92% increase in life span without marked loss of body weight, though short-term administration (such as 5 days) was barely effective. Thus, it appears that FU-O-G is an antitumor agent suitable for long-term administration. These findings correspond with the results of an enzymological study which showed selective activation of FU-O-G by beta-glucosidase in tumor cells and indicated that the compound is a marked form of 5-FU.
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PMID:Antitumor activity of methyl (5-fluoro-1H-2-oxo-4-pyrimidinyl beta-D-glucopyranosid)uronate against various experimental tumors. 679 41

High intakes of carotenoid-rich fruits and vegetables are associated with a reduced risk of various cancers including colon cancer. A human intervention study with carrot and tomato juice should show whether a diet rich in carotenoids, especially high in beta-carotene and lycopene, can modify luminal processes relevant to colon carcinogenesis. In a randomised cross-over trial, twenty-two healthy young men on a low-carotenoid diet consumed 330 ml tomato or carrot juice per d for 2 weeks. Intervention periods were preceded by 2-week depletion phases. At the end of each study period, faeces of twelve volunteers were collected for chemical analyses and use in cell-culture systems. Consumption of carrot juice led to a marked increase of beta-carotene and alpha-carotene in faeces and faecal water, as did lycopene after consumption of tomato juice. In the succeeding depletion phases, carotenoid contents in faeces and faecal water returned to their initial values. Faecal water showed high dose-dependent cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects on colon adenocarcinoma cells (HT29). These effects were not markedly changed by carrot and tomato juice consumption. Neither bile acid concentrations nor activities of the bacterial enzymes beta-glucosidase and beta-glucuronidase in faecal water changed after carrot and tomato juice consumption. Faecal water pH decreased only after carrot juice consumption. SCFA were probably not responsible for this effect, as SCFA concentrations and profiles did not change significantly. In summary, in the present study, 2-week interventions with carotenoid-rich juices led only to minor changes in investigated luminal biomarkers relevant to colon carcinogenesis.
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PMID:Effects of carrot and tomato juice consumption on faecal markers relevant to colon carcinogenesis in humans. 1825 85