Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase)
 4,237 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Reactive oxygen species are involved in a diversity of biological phenomena such as inflammation, carcinogenesis, aging, and atherosclerosis. We and other investigators have shown that the level of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a marker for oxidative stress, is increased in either the urine or the mononuclear cells of the blood of type 2 diabetic patients. However, the association between type 2 diabetes and oxidative stress in the pancreatic beta-cells has not been previously described. We measured the levels of 8-OHdG and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE)-modified proteins in the pancreatic beta-cells of GK rats, a model of nonobese type 2 diabetes. Quantitative immunohistochemical analyses with specific antibodies revealed higher levels of 8-OHdG and HNE-modified proteins in the pancreatic beta-cells of GK rats than in the control Wistar rats, with the levels increasing proportionally with age and fibrosis of the pancreatic islets. We further investigated whether the levels of 8-OHdG and HNE-modified proteins would be modified in the pancreatic beta-cells of GK rats fed with 30% sucrose solution or 50 ppm of voglibose (alpha-glucosidase inhibitor). In the GK rats, the levels of 8-OHdG and HNE-modified proteins, as well as islet fibrosis, were increased by sucrose treatment but reduced by voglibose treatment. These results indicate that the pancreatic beta-cells of GK rats are oxidatively stressed, and that chronic hyperglycemia might be responsible for the oxidative stress observed in the pancreatic beta-cells.
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PMID:Hyperglycemia causes oxidative stress in pancreatic beta-cells of GK rats, a model of type 2 diabetes. 1010 16

Postprandial hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia are considered risk factors for cardiovascular disease. This study was designed to elucidate whether improving the postprandial state by voglibose, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, leads to the reduction of oxidative stress markers and soluble adhesion molecules in obese type 2 diabetic patients. A total of 30 Japanese obese type 2 diabetic patients were randomly assigned and treated for 3 weeks with either diet alone (the control group) or diet plus voglibose (0.9 mg daily) (the voglibose group) (n=15 each). Analysis of the diurnal metabolic profiles revealed a significant reduction of postprandial hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in the voglibose group relative to the control group (P<.05), despite the similar improvement in body mass index and hemoglobin A(1c) in both groups. Voglibose also decreased significantly the plasma levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and urinary excretion of 8-iso-prostaglandin F(2)alpha and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (P<.01) and C-reactive protein (P<.05) relative to the control group. In conclusion, this study represents the first demonstration that voglibose reduces oxidative stress generation and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in parallel with the reduction of postprandial hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in obese type 2 diabetic patients.
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PMID:An alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, voglibose, reduces oxidative stress markers and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in obese type 2 diabetic patients. 1671 39