Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase)
4,237 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Several short- or long-term and longitudinal or cross-sectional studies have been conducted to ascertain the effect of vasectomy on circulating levels of gonadotropic and gonadal hormones and the function of assessory sex organs. Vasectomy does not cause noticeable changes in pituitary testicular axis. Changes, when they occur, are marginal and the hormone levels are still within normal physiological limits. The secretory function of both the prostate and the epididymis are changed as a result of vasectomy. There is a 2-fold increase in acid phosphatase in semen after vasectomy, indicating hyperfunction of the prostate. Both prostatic secretions and epididymal secretions decrease after vasectomy. 1 group of 12 men vasectomized for 1 week to 8 years were reanastomized and followed up for 12 months. Semen volume, seminal critic acid, maltase, glycerophosphorylcholine, prolactin, zinc, and magnesium returned to normal levels within 6 months, some within 1 month.
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PMID:Endocrine and accessory sex organ function after vasectomy and vasovasostomy. 679 97

The seminal plasma constituents of acid phosphatase, maltase, citric acid, prolactin, zinc and magnesium were measured in men vasectomized for 1-8 years. Compared with values obtained for a group of normal fertile men, all the constituents, except acid phosphatase which was unchanged, decreased significantly after vasectomy, but not progressively so. Since the constituents measured are believed to be of prostatic origin, the results suggest that vasectomy in men decreases the secretory function of the prostate gland.
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PMID:Long-term effects of vasectomy on prostatic function in men. 700 Oct 4

We have previously defined two isozymes of neutral alpha-glucosidase (alpha-D-glucoside glucohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.20) on the basis of differences in electrophoretic mobility and designated these neutral alpha-glucosidase AB and alpha-glucosidase C (Swallow, D.M., Corney, G., Harris, H. and Hirschhorn, R. (1975) Ann. Hum. Gen. 38, 391-406). We now describe differences between the two isozymes with respect to molecular weight, solubility in (NH4)2SO4, glycosylation, isoelectric point and substrate specificities. Neutral alpha-glucosidase C is precipitable in 40-60% (NH4)2SO4, has a molecular weight of 92 000, an isoelectric point of 5.5 and releases glucose from glycogen as well as from low molecular weight artificial and natural substrates containing alpha 1-4 glucosidic linkages. Neutral alpha-glucosidase AB precipitates at 0-40% (NH4)2SO4, binds to concanavalin A, has a molecular weight of greater than 150 000, and does not utilize alpha 1-4 linked glucose substrates larger than a disaccharide. Neutral alpha-glucosidase AB migrates more rapidly to the anode than alpha-glucosidase C when agarose, Cellogel, acrylamide or starch are used as support media. Both isozymes are equally inhibited by Zn2+.
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PMID:Characterization of neutral isozymes of human alpha-glucosidase: differences in substrate specificity, molecular weight and electrophoretic mobility. 701 80

Results from our laboratory have revealed that seminal plasma concentration of acid phosphatase, maltase, prolactin, citric acid, zinc and magnesium which are the secretory products of the prostate gland, decreased significantly in vasectomized men compared to those in controls namely normal fertile men. Further, it was observed that the decrease in prostatic function was not related to the time since vasectomy. Considering these two facts together, we propose that vasectomy may lead to decrease in the incidence of prostatic tumors - a disease that claims nearly 22,000 lives each year in the United States alone.
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PMID:Can vasectomy reduce the incidence of prostatic tumor? 704 1

The expression of gluconeogenic fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (encoded by the FBP1 gene) depends on the carbon source. Analysis of the FBP1 promoter revealed two upstream activating elements, UAS1FBP1 and UAS2FBP1, which confer carbon source-dependent regulation on a heterologous reporter gene. On glucose media neither element was activated, whereas after transfer to ethanol a 100-fold derepression was observed. This gene activation depended on the previously identified derepression genes CAT1 (SNF1) (encoding a protein kinase) and CAT3 (SNF4) (probably encoding a subunit of Cat1p [Snf1p]). Screening for mutations specifically involved in UAS1FBP1 derepression revealed the new recessive derepression mutation cat8. The cat8 mutants also failed to derepress UAS2FBP1, and these mutants were unable to grow on nonfermentable carbon sources. The CAT8 gene encodes a zinc cluster protein related to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Gal4p. Deletion of CAT8 caused a defect in glucose derepression which affected all key gluconeogenic enzymes. Derepression of glucose-repressible invertase and maltase was still normally regulated. A CAT8-lacZ promoter fusion revealed that the CAT8 gene itself is repressed by Cat4p (Mig1p). These results suggest that gluconeogenic genes are derepressed upon binding of Cat8p, whose synthesis depends on the release of Cat4p (Mig1p) from the CAT8 promoter. However, gluconeogenic promoters are still glucose repressed in cat4 mutants, which indicates that in addition to its transcription, the Cat8p protein needs further activation. The observation that multicopy expression of CAT8 reverses the inability of cat1 and cat3 mutants to grow on ethanol indicates that Cat8p might be the substrate of the Cat1p/Cat3p protein kinase.
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PMID:CAT8, a new zinc cluster-encoding gene necessary for derepression of gluconeogenic enzymes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 789 85

The function of accessory sex glands in 29 tobacco smokers, 25 tobacco chewers and 30 non-users of tobacco was investigated by determining the ejaculate contents of various glandular markers: N-acetyl amino sugar and total phosphate (seminal vesicles) zinc and acid phosphatase (prostate gland), and alpha-1,4-glucosidase (epididymis). Both vesicular and prostatic parameters were reduced significantly in smokers compared with non-users of tobacco, whereas these parameters were unchanged in tobacco chewers. This difference may be due either to the difference in constitution of xenobiotics emitted as a result of burning tobacco, or to differences in the pharmacokinetics of the two forms of tobacco consumption. The activity of alpha-1,4-glucosidase was significantly lowered in both types of tobacco users. It is concluded that use of tobacco, especially by smoking, impairs the secretory function of accessory sex glands in man.
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PMID:Effect of tobacco consumption on the function of male accessory sex glands. 856 92

Neutral alpha-glucosidase levels as epididymal marker, fructose levels as vesicular marker, zinc, citric acid and prostate specific antigen levels as prostatic markers were measured in the seminal plasma of eight transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemic patients in order to study epididymal and sex accessory gland secretions (eighteen subjects served as controls). FSH and LH as well as total and free testosterone were detected displaying unaltered serum values. Ejaculate of patients showed normal sperm count and low sperm motility, in the meantime seminal plasma exhibited unaltered both neutral alpha-glucosidase and fructose values but low levels of zinc, citric acid and prostate specific antigen were noticed as well. These data suggest an impaired prostatic secretion in the thalassemic patients studied. A local iron toxicity on the prostatic tissue could be supported by the decrease of its specific markers observed only in the subgroup of patients with high ferritin serum levels.
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PMID:Epididymal and sex accessory gland secretions in transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemic patients: evidence of an impaired prostatic function. 922 14

Structural and functional damage to the intestine and the potential beneficial effects of dexamethasone (Dex) and thyroxine (T4) were examined in zinc-deficient rats. Rats were assigned to zinc deficient (ZD), control (C) or pair-fed (PF ) groups and fed for 40 d a zinc deficient (1 mg/kg) diet (ZD rats) or a similar diet supplemented with 50 mg Zn/kg (C and PF rats). Some rats of the ZD group were treated for the last 10 d with low (250 mg/kg) or high (5 mg/kg) doses of Dex or with T4 (100 mg/kg). Serum corticosterone of T4-treated ZD rats did not differ from untreated ZD rats. Serum T4 of T4-treated ZD rats did not differ from C rats. ZD rats developed ulcerations, inflammation and edema in the small intestine, particularly in the jejunum. PF rats did not show mucosal changes relative to C rats. ZD rats showed significantly lower crypt cell production rate (CCPR) and labeling index (LI) in the three intestinal regions, and lower cell migration rate and higher turnover time in the duodenum relative to C rats. Sucrase and maltase activities of ZD rats were significantly lower than C rats in the three mucosal regions. Treatment with the low dose of Dex resulted in fewer ulcerations compared with ZD rats. In rats administered the high dose of Dex or T4, all morphological alterations disappeared; the CCPR, LI, cell migration rate, cell turnover time and disaccharidase activities did not differ from C rats. In conclusion, Dex and T4 exert beneficial effects on zinc deficiency-induced intestinal alterations in rats.
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PMID:Treatment of rats with dexamethasone or thyroxine reverses zinc deficiency-induced intestinal damage. 927 64

This study has identified a naturally occurring, specific deficiency of a brush border aminopeptidase N (ApN) in the small intestines of five clinically healthy dogs. ApN activity in mucosal homogenates of dog small intestine was reduced significantly in deficient animals (13.4 (1.1) nmol min-1 mg-1 protein, n = 5, P < 0.002) compared to healthy control dogs (95.1 (6.7), n = 22). Alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, zinc-resistant alpha-glucosidase, maltase, sucrase and lactase in the ApN deficient dogs exhibited comparable activities to those in the control dogs. Microvillar membranes were analysed by one- and two-dimensional electrophoresis. ApN was represented by a single 145kDa band in all control dogs, identified by immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation. Protein maps from deficient dogs were normal apart from the virtual absence of an ApN spot and there were no apparent abnormalities in the glycosylation of microvillar proteins. The findings suggest that intestinal ApN deficiency in these dogs is a primary lesion involving diminished expression of an otherwise normal enzyme protein.
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PMID:An aminopeptidase N deficiency in dog small intestine. 942 46

SDS-PAGE (12.5%) analysis and neutral alpha-glucosidase, fructose, and zinc level assessment were carried out in seminal plasma of 20 patients with highly viscous ejaculates and of 20 control subjects, with the aim to investigate the relations between high consistency of semen and epididymal, vesicular, and prostatic secretions. Very low sperm motility was observed in all the patients' ejaculates, both normo- and oligozoospermics. Protein patterns obtained in control and highly viscous semina showed similar protein bands, in the range of 10-100 kD. Furthermore, unaltered seminal neutral alpha-glucosidase, zinc, and fructose level were measured in the same specimens. These results indicated no impairment of epididymal, vesicular, and prostatic function in patients with hyperviscous semina, while their normal electrophoretic seminal protein profile suggested unaltered genital fluid interactions during the semen coagulation-liquefaction process.
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PMID:Unaltered protein pattern/genital tract secretion marker levels in seminal plasma of highly viscous human ejaculates. 964 58


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