Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase)
 4,237 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Intestinal DNA, RNA, and protein content were decreased to a greater extent than was body weight when rats were starved for 3 days. Specific lactase and maltase activity increased with progressively longer periods of starvation. Antral and serum gastrin concentration significantly decreased during the 3 days of starvation. Pentagastrin (250 mug/kg 3 times daily) was injected into a group of rats for the duration of a 3-day starvation period and caused a small but significant increase in the relative intestinal RNA and protein content and decreased lactase and maltase specific activities in comparison with the levels of 3-day starved controls. Pentagastrin thus partially reversed some of the starvation-induced changes toward fed levels. Thus, a deficiency in the trophic hormone gastrin may be partially responsible for the disproportionate changes in intestinal tissue during starvation.
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PMID:Relationship between the changes in gastrin levels and intestinal properties in the starved rat. 125 47

The effect of pentagastrin, secretin and cholecystokinin on biochemical parameters of mucosal growth and differentiation was studied in organ cultured rabbit jejunum and ileum. Pentagastrin at 0.05-5.0 microgram/ml did not affect DNA content of the biopsy, but led to a significant decrease of sucrase and alkaline phosphatase activity in the ileum. Secretin prompted a significant decrease of DNA and protein in the ileum at a level of 10(-7) and 10(-5) M, but had no effect in the jejunum. Of the brush border enzymes, sucrase and alkaline phosphatase were suppressed in both parts of the intestine both with respect to specific activity and total biopsy content. Cholecystokinin, like pentagastrin, did not influence DNA or protein content, but reduced sucrase, maltase and alkaline phosphatase activity. HMG-CoA reductase, the key enzyme of cholesterol synthesis, was not significantly affected by any of the three hormones tested. When brush border enzymes or DNA from desquamated cells were measured in the post-culture medium, no consistent effect of any gastrointestinal hormone was apparent. The present study demonstrates a direct "antitrophic" effect of secretin in cultured mucosa. Pentagastrin and cholecystokinin did not influence mucosal DNA content in vitro but apparently inhibited villus cell differentiation.
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PMID:Effect of pentagastrin, secretin and cholecystokinin on growth and differentiation in organ cultured rabbit small intestine. 372 4

Effect of bilateral adrenalectomy and subsequent injections of hydrocortisone and pentagastrin on the activity of different intestinal digestive enzymes were measured in 20-day-old rats. Eleven days after adrenalectomy the activity of lactase, sucrase, and alkaline phosphatase, but not maltase, was significantly decreased when compared with sham-operated rats. In adrenalectomized rats, repeated injections of hydrocortisone (50 mg/kg) significantly increased the activity of lactase, sucrase, maltase, and alkaline phosphatase by 15%, 49%, 32% and 121%, respectively, over the corresponding adrenalectomized control. Pentagastrin (500 microgram/kg) injections to adrenalectomized rats produced significant 41% and 58% increments in lactase and alkaline phosphatase activities, compared with the adrenalectomized control. Sucrase activity was unaffected by pentagastrin, but maltase showed a non-significant 34% higher activity than in the adrenalectomized control. Adrenalectomy by itself lowered the Km and Vmax of alkaline phosphatase by 33% and 66%, respectively, which were increased to 95% and 70% of the corresponding sham-operated level by either hydrocortisone or pentagastrin treatment. When intestinal homogenates from salinetreated adrenalectomized rats were mixed in equal proportion with homogenates from sham-operated or hydrocortisone- or pentagastrin-treated animals, Km values for alkaline phosphatase were found to be similar to those observed for sham-operated or hormone-treated groups alone. However, in the same mixed preparations Vmax values were found to be additive.
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PMID:Effects of hydrocortisone and pentagastrin on the activity of intestinal disaccharidases and alkaline phosphatase in weanling rats. 679 41