Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase)
 4,237 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Metronidazole (Flagyl), an antibiotic commonly used in treating intestinal infections, when administered orally at a dose level of 100 mg/kg body weight daily for 7 days to rats brought about a significant elevation of the uptake of end-product nutrients like D-glucose, L-alanine, L-aspartic acid and L-leucine in the intestinal segments. Brush border membrane-bound hydrolytic enzymes, i.e. sucrase, lactase, maltase, alkaline phosphatase and leucine aminopeptidase levels, were also elevated. Substrate kinetic analysis of the uptake of nutrients as well as the enzymes indicated that the drug increased the maximum of apparent initial velocity, while the substrate affinity constants did not change. Studies of the temperature-dependent parameters of the nutrient uptake and the enzyme activity revealed that metronidazole did not induce any shift in the transition temperature (T(o)) for the uptake but the energy of activation (Ea) was reduced in all the cases except those of maltase and leucine aminopeptidase, which registered an increase in Ea and a marginal shift in T(o), respectively. A significant elevation was seen in the levels of membrane cholesterol, phospholipid, ganglioside and plasmalogen in metronidazole-treated animals, while triglycerides and the non-esterified fatty acids remained unaffected. The effects produced by metronidazole treatment persisted in the animals, which were allowed a recovery period of 7 days after the drug regimen.
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PMID:Effect of the antiprotozoal agent metronidazole (Flagyl) on absorptive and digestive functions of the rat intestine. 147 60

The influence of metronidazole on the breath hydrogen response and symptoms of sucrose malabsorption was investigated in a double-blind, randomized and controlled study. Carbohydrate malabsorption was induced by the competitive alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, acarbose. Metronidazole reduced flatulence and the breath hydrogen response during sucrose malabsorption without a change in intestinal carbohydrate absorption, as indicated by serum levels of gastric inhibitory polypeptide, serum insulin and blood glucose. The effect of metronidazole suggests that anaerobic bacteria mediate both signs and symptoms of the colonic response to sucrose malabsorption. In contrast to previous reports on lactose malabsorption, it was not possible to quantify sucrose malabsorption by comparing the breath hydrogen response to sucrose malabsorption with the H2 response to a lactulose load.
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PMID:Influence of metronidazole on the breath hydrogen response and symptoms in acarbose-induced malabsorption of sucrose. 716 May 49

To examine the effect of prenatal steroids on fetal intestinal maturation, eight pregnant rabbits received either dexamethasone (Dex) or saline (Cont) on Days 25-27 of a 31-day gestation. As the rabbit provides a model of growth retardation based on uterine position, fetuses were identified as favored (Fav) or runt (Runt), generating four study groups: ContFav, ContRunt, DexFav, and DexRunt. On Day 31 the small intestinal uptake of glucose and proline was measured by an everted sleeve technique. Additionally, lactase and maltase activity was determined. Small intestinal length and nutrient uptake was significantly increased in the Dex fetuses. Control runts had a trend to decreased levels of nutrient uptake when compared to their favored counterparts. This trend reversed in the Dex fetuses with runt nutrient uptake surpassing that of the favored fetus. A trend to increased enzyme activity of both lactase and maltase was demonstrated. This report provides the first description of maternal steroid administration causing a marked increase in fetal small intestinal length and glucose and proline absorption in an in vivo model of intrauterine growth retardation.
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PMID:Effect of prenatal dexamethasone administration: fetal rabbit intestinal nutrient uptake and disaccharidase development. 802 35