Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase)
 4,237 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of cows' milk protein (CMP) on the mucosal disaccharidases was investigated in 23 infants with acute infective enteritis. Jejunal biopsies performed before and after cows' milk provocation were subjected to histological examination and to mucosal disaccharidase enzyme (lactase, sucrase, and maltase) analyses. After milk challenge, changes in mucosal histology were observed in 18 infants, in 17 of them the levels of all 3 mucosal disaccharidases were much reduced. 10 of these infants developed diarrhoea and, in 6, the stools were positive for reducing sugar. It is concluded that CMP has a deleterious effect on the jejunal mucosa of young infants recovering from infective enteritis, so that in the management of young infants with sugar intolerance secondary to infective enteritis, CMP and lactose should be excluded from the diet.
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PMID:Cows' milk protein-sensitive enteropathy: an important contributing cause of secondary sugar intolerance in young infants with acute infective enteritis. 57 Mar 76

Camels with cannulas in the small intestine were used to study the "digestive-absorptive" capacities of the small intestine. Solutions of different carbohydrates were infused through the cannulas and the responses in blood glucose levels were measured. Monosaccharides were readily absorbed from the camel small intestine. The pattern of disaccharide absorption indicated that there was high lactase activity and low maltase and sucrase activity, in the camel small intestinal mucosa.
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PMID:Studies on the digestion of carbohydrates in the camel (Camelus dromedarius). 59 40

7 infants, aged 5 weeks to 11 months, with clinically documented intolerance to cow's milk protein, chronic diarrhea, and failure to thrive, underwent small intestinal (peroal, suction) biopsy before and after withdrawal of milk proteins. Mucosal specimens were examined by light microscopy and assayed for disaccharidase activities. In all patients, moderate to severe mucosal changes were presented, associated with marked inflammation of lamina propria and damages to the brushborder. Disaccharidase activities (lactase, sucrase, maltase and palatinase) were markedly depressed in all. Follow-up biopsies were obtained in 6 infants, after 3-5 months on a milk-protein-free diet. At the time of the second biopsy, the disaccharidase activities had risen significantly and histologic improvement had occurred in each instance. In infancy, intestinal mucosal lesions due to intolerance to cow's milk protein are histologically indistinguishable from those seen in gluten-sensitive enteropathy and are associated with marked secondary disaccharidase deficiencies. Following therapy, the activity of the disaccharidases become normal or near normal prior to the complete morphologic recovery of the small intestinal mucosa.
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PMID:Disaccharidase deficiency in infants with cow's milk protein intolerance. Response to treatment. 62 28

Adult and suckling (13 days old) rat intestinal brush borders have been purified by the procedure of Schmitz et al. (25). Enzymatic proteins have been separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In the adult rat, enzyme proteins have been separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In the adult rat, enzyme activities in order from the origin were: maltase/glucoamylase/sucrase-isomaltase (protein band 3), lactase (protein band 5), maltase/sucrase-isomaltase (protein band 6) and alkaline phosphatase (protein bands 8 and 9). In the suckling rat, protein band 5 associated with lactase activity was found to be markedly higher compared to the adult rat. Gels were completely devoid of sucrase-isomaltase activity while protein band 3 was strikingly reduced and protein band 6 absent. After hydrocortisone administration to suckling rats, a new band associated with sucrase-isomaltase activity appeared in position 6, whereas protein band 3 markedly increased with the simultaneous appearance of sucrase-isomaltase activity.
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PMID:Separation and characterization of intestinal brush border enzymes in adult rats and in suckling rats under normal conditions and after hydrocortisone injections. 63 79

A close relationship exists between relative disaccharidase activities (maltase, sucrase, trehalase, palatinase, turanase, lactase, and cellobiase) in amniotic fluid and corresponding jejunal mucosa of five human fetuses (16 to 21 weeks of gestation) suggesting that these intestinal enzymes pass into amniotic fluid. Serial determination of disaccharidase activities in amniotic fluid samples collected between 10 and 42 weeks of gestation showed maximum mean activities at 14 to 17 weeks of gestation and a rapid drop to less than 12 per cent maximum values at about 22 weeks. This drop is probably caused by combined effects of decreased extrusion rate of intestinal disaccharidases and increased reabsorption of the enzymes in swallowed amniotic fluid with fetal development.
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PMID:Developmental patterns of intestinal disaccharidases in human amniotic fluid. 64 87

The effect of exposure of Channa punctatus to a sub-lethal concentration of lead nitrate on the activities of alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase amylase, maltase, lactase, trypsin and pepsin has been investigated. A decrease in the activity of alkaline phosphatase has been recorded after 15 days of exposure but there was no significant change after 30 days. Acid phosphatase showed an elevation in activity of both stages. All the three carbohydrases shows elevation after 15 days, followed by an inhibition after 30 days of treatment. The activity of pepsin and trypsin remained above the normal level throughout the tensure of the experiment reveal that the pattern of alteration in enzyme activities is different in liver and digestive system.
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PMID:Alternations in the activity of some digestive enzymes of Channa punctatus, exposed to lead nitrate. 66 84

Brush-border membranes were isolated from the rat small intestine and then treated with sodium dodecyl sulphate under non-reducing conditions at room temperature. Analysis of the solubilized components by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis identified three major glycoproteins that co-migrate with glucoamylase-maltase-sucrase, lactase and isomaltase-maltase-sucrase activities. High activities of alkaline phosphatase and trehalase were detectable, but they could not be attributed to distinct co-migrating protein bands. Analysis of mucosa from the distal small intestine by the same methods showed a pattern of bands different from that obtained with the proximal intestine, which appeared to correlate with the relative deficiency of some of the enzymes in the distal region.
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PMID:The identification of rat intestinal membrane enzymes after electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels containing sodium dodecyl sulphate. 69 63

The gastric region of 5-week-old female Wistar rats was irradiated daily with 500 rad of X-ray up to a total of six times. Goblet cells and marker enzymes of the small intestine, such as lactase, trehalase, and maltase, appeared in the pyloric region of the glandular stomach of the rats from the 1st week after final irradiation. Intestinal type crypt without Paneth cells was observed from the 8th week. Sucrase activity appeared from the 26th week. Intestinal metaplasia with Paneth cells appeared from the 71st week. The number of goblet cells, intestinal type crypts, and Paneth cells increased with age. Gastric adenocarcinoma did not develop after irradiation.
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PMID:Experimentally induced intestinal metaplasia in Wistar rats by X-ray irradiation. 70 Mar 22

1. Rats were fed with the elemental diet Vivonex for 1 or 3 months and their jejunal histology was compared with that of an equal number of rats fed on a normal diet. 2. After 1 month of Vivonex feeding a significant reduction in the ratio of crypt height: villus height (CH:VH) was found in the Vivonex-fed rats (n = 4) compared with the control rats (n = 4) (P less than 0.05). 3. After 3 months the CH:VH ratio was also reduced in the Vivonex-fed rats (n = 18) compared with control rats (n = 18) (P less than 0.002). Villus height was significantly increased (P less than 0.002) and crypt height decreased (P less than 0.05). 4. Jejunal protein content, alkaline phosphatase and disaccharidase activity were also determined in 12 control and 12 Vivonex-fed rats from the 3 months study. 5. Alkaline phosphatase activity was increased from a control value of 201 +/- 8 to 243 +/- 15 munits/cm in the Vivonex-fed rats (n = 12) (P less than 0.05) but no significant changes in lactase, sucrase or maltase activites were found. The observed decrease in the CH:VH ratio suggested an improved survival of the mature enterocyte population during elemental diet feeding.
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PMID:Small-intestinal changes induced by an elemental diet (Vivonex) in normal rats. 72 6

It was taken 32 male Wistar rats, weighting between 130 g and 150 g, free feeding, to study the total and specific activities of lactase, invertase and maltase of small intestine of rats. The animals were divided by chance in 3 experimental and 1 control group. 1. group--Aloxanic diabetes rats: treated with 1 unit of NPH insulin every day: after the 4th day of aloxane administration, all rats were killed. 2. group--Aloxanic diabetes rats--treated for 5 days with 1 unit of NPH insulin every day; after the 5th day until the 7th they were treated with 4 units of NPH insulin and were also killed. 3. group--Hyperinsulinism rats--Normal rats were treated for 4 days with 4 units of NPH insulin every day. After the 5th day they were killed. 4. group--Control group--Normal rats, free feeding. They were observed during 4 days and were also killed. The results showed that none difference was observed in the 4 groups of rats about the total and specific activities of lactase, invertase and maltase of the small intestine. In this study, all the animals with aloxanic diabetes were treated with insulin. Then, it is possible that the insulin inhibited the stimulator effect of the diabetes upon the dissacaridases of the small intestine of the rats.
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PMID:[Insulin and disaccharidases levels of the small intestine of the rat (author's transl)]. 74 51


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