Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase)
 4,237 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

After twenty weeks of continuous dosing with Trichostrongylus colubriformis larvae substantial, but declining, numbers of worms had persisted in most of the lambs examined, although there were wide inter-individual variations. Mucosal lesions were found in the proximal small intestines of all the infected animals, their severity being directly related to worm burden. Representative brush border enzyme activities analysed in intestinal mucosal extracts from the same lambs showed differing responses. Alkaline phosphatase and glycyl-L-leucine dipeptidase were significantly depleted, whereas maltase activity was only marginally reduced, and leucine aminopeptidase activity was normal. Mucosal acetylcholinesterase activity was significantly elevated in the parasitised animals and, interestingly in view of the postulated role of this enzyme in nematode pathogenicity, the level of activity was directly correlated with individual worm burdens. Intestinal trypsin and chymotrypsin activities were unaffected and the level of superoxide dismutase, an enzyme associated with the inflammatory response, was normal. There were also no consistent changes in the mucosal activities of several enzymes including lactic dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase, aldolase, and glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase, whose leakage from damaged or necrotic tissues has been well defined in terms of the concomitant increase in their activity in the circulation. Lambs treated orally with fenbendazole five and/or ten weeks before slaughter either in the presence or absence of continued larval intake, had negligible worm burdens, and showed little evidence of intestinal damage at post mortem. Brush border enzyme levels, with the exception of alkaline phosphatase and, in two cases dipeptidase, were normal in these animals. The activity of alkaline phosphatase was approximately double that in the continuously infected, untreated lambs, but remained markedly lower than in the uninfected controls. The activities of the other enzymes studied, including acetylcholinesterase, were within the control range. In summary, in chronic trichostrongylosis even relatively low nematode burdens were associated with marked pathological and biochemical damage in the intestine with both lesion severity and mucosal acetylcholinesterase activity being directly related to worm numbers. Although morphological integrity was completely restored after anthelmintic treatment, the persistent low activity of brush border alkaline phosphatase coupled with the enzymological findings in untreated, infected animals suggests that recovery of the full functional capability of the intestinal mucosa may take longer.
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PMID:Intestinal enzyme activity in lambs chronically infected with Trichostrongylus colubriformis: effect of anthelmintic treatment. 634 11

The pathology and enzymology of the intestinal mucosae of lambs dosed daily with 2500 Trichostrongylus vitrinus larvae and killed at five, nine or 14 weeks were compared with worm-free animals. The proximal small intestines of the infected lambs exhibited extensive mucosal damage at five and nine weeks, but only isolated lesions were found at 14 weeks. Activities of the brush border enzymes alkaline phosphatase, leucine amino-peptidase, maltase and glycyl-L-leucine dipeptidase were all significantly depleted during infection, although the magnitude, time of onset and duration of the individual enzyme responses varied. Mucosal activities of the pancreatic enzymes, trypsin and to a lesser extent chymotrypsin were also markedly decreased particularly during the first nine weeks of infection. Specific acetylcholinesterase activity was significantly increased throughout the study, maximal levels being observed at five weeks. In contrast 'pseudo'-cholinesterase levels were consistently within the control range. During the early stages of infection (five weeks) glutamine-oxaloacetate transaminase activity was significantly decreased, while aldolase and creatine phosphokinase levels were significantly elevated. At nine weeks low glutamine-oxaloacetate transaminase activities were again detected and lactate dehydrogenase activity was also markedly reduced. At 14 weeks the mean activities of all four enzymes were within the normal range as were superoxide dismutase levels throughout. Significant correlations were found between alkaline phosphatase, trypsin, chymotrypsin, aldolase and glutamine-oxaloacetate transaminase activities and the degree of mucosal damage within the individual lambs.
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PMID:Changes in the intestinal enzyme activity of lambs during chronic infection with Trichostrongylus vitrinus. 710 Jun 47

The activity of pancreatic (alpha-amylase, protease, and lipase) and enteral (maltase, glycyl-L-leucine dipeptidase, monoglyceride lipase) was studied in the experiments on adult male Wistar rats weighting 350 +/- 35 g 1-3, 7, 10, 30, 60, and 90 days after injection of a single dose of 25 mg per 100 g body weight. Acute heliotrine intoxication (in a toxic hepatitis model) was shown to lead to a marked decrease in the activities of both pancreatic and intestinal enzymes. It is suggested that the changes may be associated with the direct action of heliotrine on the pancreas and small intestinal mucosa or with hepatic failure.
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PMID:[Enzymatic activity of the pancreas and small intestinal mucosa in modelling of toxic hepatitis by administration of heliotrine]. 870 May 93

Per os administration of Vilon (Lys-Glu) or Epithalon (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) to aged Wistar rats for 1 month significantly increased activity of membrane enzymes maltase and alkaline phosphatase in epithelial layer of the small intestine. In addition, Vilon significantly increased activity of cytosolic glycyl-L-leucine dipeptidase in the stromal and seromuscular layers of the small intestine in comparison with the control rats not treated with this agent. These findings suggest improvement of trophic and barrier functions of the small intestine and corroborate the hypothesis on the existence of not only epithelial, but also subepithelial enzymatic barrier supporting the enzyme system in the small intestine, especially in aged animals.
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PMID:Effect of vilon and epithalon on activity of enzymes in epithelial and subepithelial layers in small intestine of old rats. 1266 Aug 39

Restriction of protein in nutrition of rat pups weaned at different terms has been found to produce changes in activities of digestive enzymes (maltase, alkaline phosphatase, aminopeptidase M, and glycyl-L-leucine dipeptidase) in the small and large intestine both at once after cessation of nutrition with low-protein diet for 10 days and 4 months later. In adult animals after the earlier or later weaning there are observed not only a decrease or increase of the enzyme activities, but also a different type of distribution of the alkaline phosphatase activity along the small intestine, which is more pronounced in the lately weaned rats. Thus, disturbance of metabolic programming of enzyme systems of the small and large intestine due to a change of quality of nutrition in early ontogenesis depends on terms of weaning of animals.
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PMID:[Effect of weaning terms and protein deficit in the rat pup nutrition on activities of digestive enzymes]. 1895 13

Early and late separation of rat pups from lactating females and combined effects of the terms of separation and low-protein diet are essential for the formation of enzymes (maltase, alkaline phosphatase, aminopeptidase M, and glycyl-L-leucine dipeptidase) in the large and small intestine, liver and kidneys of adult animals. Similarities and differences in the enzyme reactions to early and late weaning and to a combination of untimely weaning and low-protein diet were detected.
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PMID:Delayed effects of the terms of separation of rat pups from lactating females and low-protein diet on enzyme activity in digestive and non-digestive organs. 1911 May 48

Activities of digestive enzymes (maltase, alkaline phosphatase, amino peptidase M, and glycyl-L-leucine dipeptidase) in small and large intestine, liver, and kidney were studied in rats of different ages kept in normal (8) and low (3) amounts of pups per litter. The low-protein diet for 10 days at once after weaning was found to change the mass of the organs and their digestive enzyme activities in all studied rat groups. The revealed changes were more prominent in rats kept under conditions of breast-overfeeding. In adult animals of this group, distribution of the alkaline phosphatase activity along the small intestine differed from that in control rats. The obtained results seem to confirm the fact that any disturbance of the nutrition quality in early ontogenesis leads to disturbance of the "metabolic programming of enzyme systems" of digestive and non-digestive organs.
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PMID:[Digestive enzyme activities in rats kept on standard or surplus breast-feeding and on low-protein diet directly after weaning]. 1956 54