Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase)
 4,237 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The urinary excretion of lactate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, arylsulphatase A, alpha-glucosidase, beta-galactosidase, trehalase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase, and leucine arylamidase was studied in 68 patients with biopsy-proved glomerular, 54 with interstitial renal disease and in 97 patients suffering from primary hypertension. The enzyme output of these 219 patients was compared to that of a reference population of 100 thoroughly selected healthy subjects. The highest incidence of elevated enzyme excretion was observed for N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase with 88% in glomerulopathies and 78% in interstitial disease, followed by beta-galactosidase. 94% of the patients with glomerular kidney disease, 90% of those with interstitial disease and about 60% of the subjects with primary benign hypertension revealed an output of at least one enzyme above upper reference limit. The highest average enzymuria occured in glomerulopathies, particularly high values in patients with the nephrotic syndrome. Application of discriminant analysis to the urinary enzyme pattern of glomerular and interstitial renal diseases resulted in an overall correct classification into the appropriate group of 89% of all patients. The discrimination between glomerular and interstitial disease was better in patients with normal renal function than in those with reduced function. Results show, that the analysis of urinary enzyme patterns may be a helpful adjunct for differential diagnosis of kidney diseases.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of urinary enzyme patterns in patients with kidney diseases and primary benign hypertension. 3 57

Circulating non-T lymphocytes had higher activities of 5'nucleotidase (plasma membrane), neutral alpha-glucosidase (endoplasmic reticulum) and basal leucine amino-peptidase than did T lymphocytes. Activities of catalase (peroxisomes), malate dehydrogenase (mitochondria), lactate dehydrogenase (cytosol) and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase and acid phosphatase (lysosomes), were similar in the lymphocyte subfractions. Lymphocyte 5'nucleotidase (plasma membrane) in patients with common variable hypogammaglobulinaemia is much lower than normal. However, the decrease is less marked in X-linked hypogammaglobulinaemia, chronic lymphatic leukaemia or protein loosing enteropathy or in lymphocytes isolated from cord blood. Cells from patients with nephrotic syndrome had normal levels of 5'nucleotidase. Other plasma membrane marker enzymes (gamma-glutamyl transferase, leucine amino-peptidase) were normal in lymphocytes from patients with common variable hypogammaglobulinaemia. There is a selective reduction of mitochondrial (malate dehydrogenase) and cytosolic (lactate dehydrogenase) enzymes, with normal activities of lysosomal, peroxisomal and endoplasmic reticulum enzymes, in patients with common variable hypogammaglobulinaemia. The lymphocyte subcellular organelles in normal subjects and patients with common variable hypogammaglobulinaemia have similar properties on sucrose density gradient centrifugation. It is suggested that lymphocytes from patients with common variable hypogammaglobulinaemia show a specific enzymopathy and that this is not simply a reflection of cellular immaturity.
 ...
PMID:Lymphocyte enzyme activities in immunodeficiency syndromes with particular reference to common variable hypogammaglobulinaemia. 630 45

In vivo jejunal transport of amino acids, monosaccharides, sodium, and electrolytes were studied in rats made nephrotic with puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) and in pair-fed controls. Studies were performed 14 days after a single intravenous dose of PAN when rats were no longer edematous, but were still hypoproteinemic. There was decreased absorption of glucose, 3-0-methyl glucose, glycine, phenylalanine, histidine, water, and sodium in the nephrotic animals but transport of fructose, lysine and potassium was similar in the nephrotic and control animals. Enzyme kinetic studies for glucose transport showed a mixed type of inhibition affecting both Vm and Km. The jejunal mucosa of nephrotic and control rats had similar ATP content and enzyme activity for lactase, sucrase, maltase and (Na-K)-ATPase and the ratios of RNA to DNA were similar in the nephrotic and control rats. No abnormality of the jejunum was detected by light or electron microscopy. The data suggest that the impairment of absorption is a result of decreased activity of jejunal membrane carrier mechanisms. The altered transport may be secondary to effects related to the metabolic consequences of nephrotic syndrome and does not appear to be related to acute purine aminonucleoside toxicity, edema or malnutrition.
 ...
PMID:Jejunal transport in experimental nephrotic syndrome. 662 9

We report a case of pneumatosis intestinalis in a diabetic patient with minimal change nephrotic syndrome, receiving immunosuppressive drugs and an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor. The patient was a 72-year-old female, who suffered from right lower abdominal pain. Abdominal CT showed massive air in the intestinal wall, compatible with pneumatosis intestinalis. Her general condition rapidly deteriorated with systemic inflammatory response syndrome. The patient had received respiratory support for a week, along with antimicrobial therapy and continuous hemofiltration, and then recovered. Even though pneumatosis intestinalis is generally recognized as a mild disease, careful attention is necessary when it follows a serious condition.
 ...
PMID:Fulminant pneumatosis intestinalis in a patient with diabetes mellitus and minimal change nephrotic syndrome. 1720 32

Oral colonization with Candida spp. is not synonymous with a systemic active infection. The aim of the study was to evaluate enzymatic activity of Candida strains isolated from the oral cavity in patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS) and to compare it with the activity determined in urine. We studied 32 children with NS and 26 control healthy children. Children with NS were treated with glucocorticosteroids, cyclosporin A, mycophenolate mofetil or azathioprine. In all children, API-ZYM enzymatic tests were performed to evaluate hydrolytic enzymes of Candida isolated from the oral cavity and in urine. Candida spp. were isolated from the oral cavity in 11 patients with NS (34.4%), all receiving immunosuppressive treatment. All strains produced valine arylamidase, 9 alpha-glucosidase (E16), and 9 N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (E18). A positive correlation between the presence of Candida in the oral cavity and E16 and E18 enzymatic activity in both oral cavity and urine was found. A dose of cyclosporin A had an effect on the enzymatic activity (p < 0.05). We conclude that immunosuppressive treatment of NS in children may predispose to systemic Candida invasion. The results of this study suggest that oral candida infection should be monitored in children with nephrotic syndrome, particularly those treated with immunosuppressive agents.
 ...
PMID:Enzymatic Activity of Candida spp. from Oral Cavity and Urine in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome. 2873 Mar 78