Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase)
 4,237 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Both corticosterone and T4 have been previously implicated as causal factors in the ontogenic increases in jejunal sucrase and maltase activities during the third week of life in the rat. Furthermore, it is known that the administration of exogenous T4 during the developmental period causes significant increases in serum corticosterone concentrations. To determine whether the effects of T4 on sucrase and maltase are secondary to the corticosterone rise, we examined the effect of T4 administration in adrenalectomized (adX) pups. Serum corticosterone was measured in all operated animals. Some of the adX pups had substantial concentrations of circulating corticosterone. In adX pups with serum corticosterone levels below 0.1 microgram/dl, there was no effect of T4 on either maltase or sucrase activity. We also studied the effect of propylthiouracil-induced hypothyroidism on sucrase and maltase. At 21 days of age, both enzyme activities were significantly reduced in hypothyroid pups. Injections of either T4 or cortisone acetate were equally effective in restoring activities to normal. For sucrase, there was no further increase in activity when both hormones were administered. For maltase, the combined treatment gave activities that were significantly higher than those with either hormone alone. We conclude that for both sucrase and maltase, the effects of changes in thyroid status are primarily due to the accompanying changes in serum corticosterone. The normal rate of development of both enzymes appears to be principally under glucocorticoid control, although for maltase, T4 may have a facilitory action.
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PMID:Relative importance of corticosterone and thyroxine in the postnatal development of sucrase and maltase in rat small intestine. 704 75

An 87-year-old woman, diagnosed with diabetes mellitus at age 73, exhibited abdominal distention and appetite loss in March 1998. She had received acarbose as well as 5 mg per day of glibenclamide and had habitually used about 100 g of maltitol daily from 1997. She was diagnosed as having paralytic ileus accompanied by pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI). This condition subsided quickly with discontinuation of diet or cessation of acarbose and maltitol usage. The patient's condition appears to be attributable to increased gas levels produced by fermentation of disaccharides and maltitol. Decreased intestinal motility may be a result of pre-existing diabetic autonomic neuropathy and hypothyroidism. The patient's clinical course suggests that paralytic ileus and PCI should be listed as rare side effects of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors and that the drug should be used with great caution for those who consume non-digestive sugar substitutes.
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PMID:Paralytic ileus accompanied by pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis after acarbose treatment in an elderly diabetic patient with a history of heavy intake of maltitol. 1103 Feb 8