Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase)
 4,237 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The tests with lactose loading followed by the assay of blood sugar were conducted in 500 normal subjects, aged from 18 to 89 years, and 262 patients with gastro-intestinal diseases, aged from 25 to 55 years. When lactose malabsorption was detected, aspiration biopsy of the small intestine mucosa was performed followed by the study of the structure and the level of a number of disaccharidases (lactase, maltase, saccharase). Lactose malabsorption was detected in 72 (14.4%) out of 500 normal subjects (10.6%--aged 18-59, and 20%--aged 60-89 years), among them there were 12.5% of Russians, 13% of Byelorussians and 5.8% of Ukrainians (aged 25-55 years). The secondary lactose malabsorption was recorded in 44% of patients with ulcerative colitis, in 33% of patients with chronic enterocolitis, in 11.5% of patients with gastric ulcer, in 8% of those with duodenal ulcer, in 23.5% of patients with chronic gastritis attended by lowered secretory function, and in 8% of those with enhanced secretory function.
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PMID:[Current problems of lactase deficiency]. 296 77

Two calves given a mean of 16.1 g and 16.4 g ripe Castanospermum australe seeds/kg body weight daily for 13 and 16 days respectively developed haemorrhagic gastroenteritis. The first calf died. The second calf had mild myocardial degeneration and necrosis and mild nephrosis at necropsy. Two calves given a mean of 16.8 g unripe C. australe seeds/kg body weight daily for 18 days remained clinically normal and had mild gastritis at necropsy. The activity of alpha-glucosidase was reduced in the mononuclear cells of peripheral blood and in skeletal muscle. This was attributed to the presence of the indolizidine alkaloid, castanospermine, in the seeds. The toxin causing the gastroenteritis and other lesions is unknown.
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PMID:The toxicity of Castanospermum australe seeds for cattle. 326 77

The role of amniotic fluid ingestion on the development of various fetal organic systems was evaluated in the rabbit model. The fetuses from 24 New Zealand white rabbits were studied on the 23rd day of gestation. Right ovarian-end fetuses underwent esophageal ligation (EL) or sham (SH) operations. Rabbits were submitted to hysterectomy on gestational day 30, and various organic systems of live fetuses were examined by weight and histological evaluations. Additionally, small intestinal enzymes were determined. Three fetal deaths, one in EL and two in SH groups, occurred with a total survival rate of 85%. EL resulted in increased amniotic fluid volume. Although fetal body weights (BW), lung, heart, liver and renal weights and liver weight/BW, lung weight/BW ratios did not differ, gastric, small intestinal and total gastrointestinal tract weights significantly decreased in EL group (p < 0.05). Additionally, gastric weight/BW, small intestinal weight/BW, total gastrointestinal tract weight/BW and renal weight/BW ratios were also significantly decreased (p < 0.01). Sucrase and maltase activities were not detectable in either group. Lactase activity in proximal small intestinal tissue was significantly decreased in EL group (p < 0.05). Mid and distal small intestinal tissue lactase activities did not reveal any significant difference among groups. Histologically, alveolar enlargement and alveolar thickening in fetal lungs, decreased glomerular count and tubular degeneration in fetal kidneys, and slight changes in fetal livers such as cellular vacuolization and reduction in central vein count were observed in the fetuses with esophageal ligation. While small intestinal tissues showed no marked changes, fetal stomach tissues in EL group revealed marked histological alterations consistent with erosive gastritis. This study suggests that amniotic fluid ingestion has no important effects on fetal somatic growth but effects the development of various fetal organic systems. Since the nutritional role of amniotic fluid is obscure, changes in amniotic fluid dynamics, and/or impairment of release of some possible fetal organotrophic factors, and/or unused states of the organs may be responsible for the morphologic changes secondary to esophageal ligation.
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PMID:Esophageal ligation: effects on the development of fetal organic systems. 900 64

Duodenal ulcer is a common disease and is considered acid-peptic disease. Duodenal ulcer patients are known to have higher incidence of antral gastritis and duodentitis than general population. Thus one can expect some alteration in the enzyme products of mucosal cells of antrum and duodenum in this condition. The present study was planned in 30 patients of duodenal ulcer and 30 of non-ulcer dyspepsia. After overnight fast, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was done using forward viewing fibreoptic endoscope. Two pairs of biopsies were taken from the antrum and two from the descending duodenum using standard biopsy forceps. One pair of biopsy from each site was taken in 10% formal saline for histopathological examination. One pair of biopsies from each site was collected in saline for the measurement of disaccharidases by Dahlquist method. Activities of lactase, sucrase and maltase were significantly higher in descending duodenum mucosa as compared to antral mucosa in both groups. Activities of these enzymes in antrum and duodenum of both groups did not differ significantly. No significant difference was found in disaccharidases in antrum and descending duodenum in patients with or without histological gastritis. This study suggests that the disaccharidases do not change in antrum and duodenum of ulcer patients as compared to the patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia.
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PMID:Antral and duodenal disaccharidases in patients of duodenal ulcer and non-ulcer dyspepsia. 2310 18