Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
 21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two cases of leukemic malignant histiocytosis had similar morphologic and enzyme histochemical findings. Large blasts with low nuclear/cytoplasmic ratios, occasional azurophilic granules, and immature nuclei with nucleoli were seen in peripheral blood and bone marrow smears. Case 1 had occasional erythrophagocytosis, while in Case 2 it was rare. They were peroxidase negative, and very strongly positive by alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase stain, the latter being inhibited by sodium fluoride. Acid phosphatase stains were also very strongly positive and were inhibited with tartaric acid. They were also stained granularly with PAS. Surface marker analysis revealed myeloid surface antigens, CD11+, CD13+ and HLA-DR+ in Case 1, and CD11+, CD13+, CD33+ and HLA-DR+ in Case 2. Immunoperoxidase stains of bone marrow biopsies revealed that lysozyme was positive in both cases. S-100 protein was strongly positive in Case 1, but weakly so in the skin tumor and negative in the bone marrow of Case 2. Electron microscopy showed both cases to be myeloperoxidase negative and rich in cytoplasmic organelles, such as lysosomes, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticuli. Nuclei were irregularly shaped and nucleoli were present in virtually all the cells. These findings suggest that the malignant histiocytes in these two cases derive from bone marrow macrophages, and S-100 protein can also be detected in monocyte-macrophage derived histiocytes.
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PMID:Enzyme histochemical, immuno histochemical and electron microscopic studies of two cases of leukemic malignant histiocytosis. 174 45

Four examples of a mesenchymal tumor of undetermined histogenesis occurred in three mixed-breed dogs and one Yorkshire terrier. All tumors occurred as solitary, soft to firm, solid, tan, and ulcerated masses in the digits of dogs aged 11 to 15 years. The compact cellular tumor had cells with anisokaryotic round, oval, or irregular nuclei, some of which were multinucleated. The neoplastic cells appeared to arise in the tissue near the third phalanx in the area of dense collagenous trabeculae located proximal to the fat pad and sweat glands. The unclassifiable cells had some features of histiocytes by transmission electron microscopy, but failed to stain for lysozyme and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, markers for monocyte-macrophage derived cells. Immunohistochemically, the cells stained for vimentin but not for cytokeratins, desmin, S-100 protein, epithelial membrane antigen, alpha-lactalbumin, lysozyme, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, alpha-lactalbumin, casein, and heavy and light chain immunoglobulins. The combined findings of light and transmission electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry exclude tumor histogenesis from an epithelial cell, melanocyte, mast cell, plasma cell, Schwann cells, and Merkel cell.
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PMID:Distinctive unclassified mesenchymal tumor of the digit of dogs. 175 Jan 65

Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical studies were performed on 22 cases of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC). Incidence of XGC was 3.6% of surgically resected gallbladder diseases. All cases of XGC were associated with cholelithiasis in which cholesterol gallstones were 6 times as many as pigment ones. XGC was frequently accompanied by incarceration of gallstones. In cholecystography, two-thirds of gallbladders were not visualized. Histologically, the granulomatous lesion of XGC consisted of accumulations of foam cells, lymphocytes, variable numbers of giant cells, granulocytes and fibroblastic cells. Although there had been no established theory in relation to the origin of foam cells, it is considered that foam cells were derived from monocyte/macrophages because they reacted variably with lysozyme, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin and alpha 1-antitrypsin, and almost invariably with OKM 1 and EBM 11 antibodies. Interspersed among macrophage foam cells, many T lymphocytes were identified. In terms of T cell subsets, CD 8 positive lymphocytes outnumbered CD 4 positive lymphocytes. Electron microscopy demonstrated intimate apposition of T lymphocytes to macrophages or macrophage foam cells. HLA-DR was expressed by most macrophages, macrophage foam cells and T lymphocytes. In conclusion, the results suggest that the features of XGC are those of granulomatous inflammation characterized by accumulation of macrophages, macrophage derived foam cells and activated T cells. It is suggested that delayed type hypersensitivity reaction of cell mediated immunity is operative in the pathogenesis of XGC.
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PMID:[Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical studies of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis--possible pathogenetic role of cell mediated immunity]. 202 61