Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
 21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 32-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with pyrexia and general lymphadenopathy in July 1984. She was diagnosed as having malignant lymphoma (follicular, small cleaved cell), stage IV based on the histological findings of lymph nodes in the neck and bone marrow specimen. She was treated with melphalan orally for 3 years, followed by MACOP-B. She attained partial remission with MACOP-B. Thereafter, she received melphalan or Endoxan orally as maintenance therapy. She developed fever and swelling in the gingivae in October 1989. Peripheral blood showed WBC 80,200/microliters with 7.5% myeloblasts and 85.5% monocytes. Bone marrow aspirate revealed hypercellularity with 47.9% myeloblasts, 46.5% monoblasts and monocytes, which were positive for peroxidase and NSE stains. The karyotype of bone marrow cells showed a 46,XX,t(9;11). The lysozyme in serum was elevated. She was diagnosed having AML (M4). DCMP regimen was initiated but failed to achieve CR. Consequently she received MEC regimen and obtained complete remission, lasting for 6 months. Patients with second leukemia have a low probability of achieving complete remission using conventional chemotherapy. The MEC regimen is thought to be one of the most promising treatments for secondary leukemia.
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PMID:[Complete remission with MEC regimen of acute myeloid leukemia (M4) secondary to 5-year treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma]. 128 92

Using the avidin-biotin complex immunoperoxidase technique and antibodies to myoglobin, desmin, CLA, NSE, GFAP, keratin, fibronectin, alpha 1AT, lysozyme, S-100 protein, vimentin, cytokeratin, actin, the authors studied 60 cases of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) histopathologically diagnosed previously. Thirty-six cases showed both myoglobin and desmin positive stain, an objective evidence of the origin from skeletal muscles. The other 24 cases were identified as of non-skeletal muscle origin, including MFH, lymphoma, melanoma, neuroblastoma, malignant neurilemmoma, leiomyosarcoma etc. This study strongly suggests that histologic examination of RMS may lead to incorrect diagnosis. Histologically MFH and other types of spindle cell sarcomas invading normal skeletal muscles may be confused with pleomorphic RMS, lymphoma and neuroblastoma may be confused with embryonic RMS. Our findings indicate that myoglobin is a highly sensitive and specific tumor marker for RMS.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical differential diagnosis of 60 cases of rhabdomyosarcoma]. 166 97

The reaction pattern found in thirteen different pulmonary blastomas was tested with four different polyclonal and six different monoclonal antibodies using the avidin-biotin-reaction. Immunohistochemically, the tumours showed positive reactions, both with antibodies that are considered to be epithelial markers (K11, EMA), and with antibodies that indicate a differening mesenchymal differentiation (vimentine, desmine, protein-S100). It was not possible to label any tumour cells with the antibodies anti-beta-HCG, anti-NSE, anti-lysozyme or anti-CEA. The negative response of the CEA reaction can be useful for the differentiation from pulmonary adenocarcinoma, in particular in the case of tumours with highly differentiated glandular components.
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PMID:[Pulmonary blastoma. Immunohistochemical characterization of heteromorphic tumor components]. 219 30

Six cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the breast were reviewed. Immunohistochemical studies were carried out for actin, S-100 protein, EMA, keratin, CEA, vimentin, NSE, alpha-lactalbumin, and lysozyme. Fine needle aspiration biopsy smears of five patients were also reexamined. Patients were treated by tumorectomy, quadrantectomy, or modified radical mastectomy. Axillary dissection was carried out in five cases, with negative lymph nodes in all. Five patients are alive without evidence of disease from 1 year 10 months to 13 years 4 months following surgery. One patient died 7 1/4 years after mastectomy, without evidence of disease. Histologically, a diagnostic biphasic cellular pattern was seen in all cases. In addition, several unusual features were encountered in some cases: squamous metaplasia, stromal myxoid pseudocartilaginous foci, and well-formed neoplastic ducts. Actin and/or S-100 protein were variably positive in all cases. The reaction was usually present in occasional basaloid cells predominantly at the periphery of neoplastic structures. Keratin, EMA, and CEA immunostaining disclosed ductal type cells in all cases. Vimentin was positive in four cases, usually in many basaloid cells. Aspiration cytology was suspicious in two cases and yielded a definitive diagnosis of ACC in three cases. Cytologic diagnosis was based on cellular morphology and on the presence of characteristic globoid structures. Immunohistochemical results show that in ACC dual myoepithelial-ductal differentiation occurs but is relatively limited. Most of the tumor cells are not differentiated ("indifferent" cells) and often express strong vimentin positivity. Such cells are regarded as precursor cells for either differentiated element. Unusual metaplastic changes in breast ACC suggest a possible relation with pleomorphic adenoma-type tumors, and this might be of prognostic significance.
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PMID:Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast: a histologic, cytologic, and immunohistochemical study. 247 45

The histological similarities and the common localization are the main causes of difficulties concerning the differential diagnosis between giant cell tumor of bone and chondroblastoma. The purpose of the present study was to detect whether histochemistry and/or immunohistochemistry could help to make the distinction between these two entities easier. The study was based on cases of chondroblastoma and giant cell tumor of bone from patients in the 2nd and 3rd decades of life. Histochemical detection of special intracellular and extracellular components (glycogen, glycosaminoglycans) as well as immunohistochemical investigation using various tumor markers (S-100, NSE, a-1-ACT, lysozyme, fibronectin) were performed on parallel paraffin sections. The presence of abundant intracytoplasmic glycogen granules and the immunoreactivity of the cells of chondroblastoma with S-100 and NSE, together with the presence of acidic sulfated glycosaminoglycans in the stroma, could help the differential diagnosis of this tumor from giant cell tumor of bone.
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PMID:A combined immunohistochemical and histochemical approach on the differential diagnosis of giant cell epiphyseal neoplasms. 271 Jun 83

Malignant fibrous histiocytomas (MFH) belong to the most frequent soft tissue tumours in adults and have to be discriminated from other tumours with similar morphology. Various tumour markers aid the differential diagnosis. Twenty cases of MFH were studied immunohistochemically using antibodies to vimentin, TPA, desmin, lysozyme, alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, S-100 protein, neurone-specific enolase (NSE), laminin, fibronectin and ferritin. Vimentin and lysozyme were found in the tumour cells of all, alpha 1-antitrypsin of 18, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin of 19, fibronectin of 16 and ferritin of 12 cases. Antibodies of TPA, desmin, S-100 protein, NSE and laminin did not reveal positive immunoreactivity. Exclusion of spindle-cell carcinoma can be made by positive vimentin and negative TPA reactivity, of melanoma by negative S-100 reactivity, and of leio- and rhabdomyosarcoma by lack of desmin immunoreactivity. Schwannomas contain S-100 protein, but lack lysozyme, alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin and fibronectin. Pleomorphic liposarcomas cannot be distinguished from MFH on the basis of immunohistochemical staining. Vimentin, alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin and fibronectin can, therefore, be regarded as useful markers in the differential diagnosis of MFH.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical studies in the differential diagnosis of malignant fibrous histiocytoma]. 302 16

Paraffin-embedded tissue sections taken from 16 patients with dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans were stained by means of the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique using antibodies against S 100 protein, NSE, Leu 7, lysozyme, alpha-1 antitrypsin, alpha-1 antichymotrypsin, cytokeratin, desmin, vimentin, and factor VIII. Most of the tumor cells showed positive reactions to vimentin. Only 1-3% of the cells within the tumor area answered to the histiocytic markers lysozyme, alpha-1 antitrypsin, and alpha-1 antichymotrypsin. The remaining antibodies investigated did not react with the tumor cells. Our results support a fibroblastic, and contradict a neural or histiocytic, histogenesis of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical studies of the histogenesis of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans]. 305 28

Eight benign and three malignant granular cell tumors were characterized by means of antibodies and antisera against keratin, desmin, epithelial membrane antigen, factor VIII-related protein, lysozyme, myelin basic protein, myoglobin, neurone-specific enolase, S 100 protein, myelin-associated protein (Leu 7), glial fibrillary acidic protein, vimentin, and neurofilament. All benign granular cell tumours showed positive staining of the tumor cells to antibodies against vimentin, S 100 protein, and neurone-specific enolase; myelin-associated protein (Leu 7), in contrast, was only detectable in a few tumor sections. Histogenetically the granular cells may be classified as Schwann's cells which lost their expression of laminin. The three malignant granular cell tumors showed a staining pattern significantly different from that of the benign tumours. Thus, only neurone-specific enolase was detectable in all the tumors, whereas S 100 protein and vimentin could not be demonstrated but in one and two, resp., out of three tumors.
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PMID:[Benign and malignant granular cell tumors. An immunohistochemical classification of tumor cells]. 330 14

Dermal dendrocytes constitute the largest population among cells of dermatofibromas. In other histiocytic tumours, the exact nature of histiocytic cells is not known. We have searched for the presence of dermal dendrocytes in juvenile xanthogranulomas. The immunohistochemical study was performed on 9 juvenile xanthogranulomas. We used monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies: anti-XIIIa, HAM56, anti-S100, anti-NSE, anti-HLA-DR, anti-CD68 and anti-lysozyme. Phagocytic mononuclear cells (histiocytes, giant cells, Touton cells) did not express Langerhans' cell markers (S100, NSE ou HLA-DR). They weakly expressed markers of macrophages (CD68, lysozyme). There was a very strong binding by HAM56 and anti-XIIIa. This expression was more evident on xanthomatous and newly appeared tumours than on fibrous tumours. The largest population of juvenile xanthogranuloma cells appeared to be constituted by dermal dendrocytes. These cells are perhaps the key-cells of a continuum of benign tumours, from juvenile xanthogranuloma to dermatofibroma, with different stages corresponding to different proportions of dendrocytes, lymphocytes and fibroblasts.
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PMID:Factor XIIIa expression in juvenile xanthogranuloma. 751 67

The clinical and pathological features of 15 infants with malignant rhabdoid tumors of kidney are presented. These tumors were identified among 391 primary renal neoplasms in this hospital. The male/female ratio was 2.8:1.0, mean age at diagnosis was 18 months with a range from 4 to 55 months. Of the 10 patients with follow-up records, 8 have died, 2 were alive and free of disease 15 and 55 months after the diagnosis respectively. A wide histologic spectrum was encountered. All tumors exhibited classical morphology in at least some areas, characterized by solid proliferation of monotonous tumor cells with vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli, abundant cytoplasm and intracytoplasmic inclusions. Immunohistochemical studies were performed in all 15 cases. Vimentin was positive in all tumors, ENA in 12, cytokeratin in 8, desmin in 2 and myoglobin in one. All cases were negative for presence of lysozyme, NSE and neurofilament. Our results show that this tumor is a distinctive and highly malignant neoplasm of the infant kidney with considerable morphological and immunohistochemical diverse phenotypes.
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PMID:[Malignant rhabdoid tumor of kidney: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 15 patients]. 778 29


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