Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
 21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Little is known about the regulatory effects of cytokines on various nasal secretions in normal human nasal epithelial cells. The aim of this study was to examine whether TNF-alpha, IL-1beta or their combination can increase the secretion of mucin as an indicator of mucous secretion, the secretion of lysozyme as an indicator of serous secretion and the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 as important cytokines. In addition, we wanted to examine their message levels in normal human nasal epithelium. On day 12 of culture, passage-2 normal human nasal epithelial cells were treated with 10 ng/ml TNF-alpha, 10 ng/ml IL-1beta and combinations of both. Twenty-four hours later, the apical secretions were collected. A mixture of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta synergistically increased secretion of mucin, IL-6 and IL-8, but did not increase secretion of lysozyme. A combination of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta showed a questionable increase of MUC2 mRNA levels. TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and a combination of both all significantly increased MUC8 mRNA levels. Neither TNF-alpha, IL-1beta nor a combination of both increased MUC5AC, MUC5B and lysozyme mRNA levels. IL-1beta alone or a combination of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta comparably increased IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA levels slightly. In conclusion, a mixture of inflammatory mediators can synergistically increase secretion of mucin, IL-6 and IL-8 in human nasal epithelium. Accordingly, nasal secretions may be under the control of an inflammatory mediator network.
 ...
PMID:Effects of TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta on mucin, lysozyme, IL-6 and IL-8 in passage-2 normal human nasal epithelial cells. 1072 32

The purpose of this study was to subculture normal human nasal epithelial (NHNE) cells without compromising their ability to differentiate into secretory and ciliated cells and to study the effect of retinoic acid on mucous and serous secretions in passaged cells and to compare the expression of mucin and lysozyme in cultured cells with those in in vivo nasal epithelium. The subcultured cells were tested after every passage for secretory differentiation in air-liquid interface cultures. The cultured NHNE cells secreted mucin and lysozyme. The cells became squamous and mucin secretion decreased when retinoic acid was deleted from the culture media. Cells from passage 1 through passage 2 remained able to differentiate into mucous or squamous cells. Mucin gene 4 (MUC4), MUC5AC, MUC7, MUC8, and lysozyme messenger RNAs were expressed in passage 2 NHNE cells. In conclusion, passage 2 NHNE cell cultures retain features of normal epithelium and are suitable for many studies of upper airway cell biology.
 ...
PMID:Secretory differentiation of serially passaged normal human nasal epithelial cells by retinoic acid: expression of mucin and lysozyme. 1085 73

Recent technical advances now permit the serial culture of normal human middle ear epithelial (NHMEE) cells. However, the ciliary differentiation of these cells has not been achieved. The purpose of this study was to establish a culture system in order to differentiate serially cultured NHMEE cells into ciliated cells. If ciliated cells developed, the percentages of ciliated cells and secretory cells were measured throughout the duration of culture. We also examined the levels of mucin and lysozyme secretion and their mRNAs in a time-dependent manner. Human middle ear mucosa with a normal appearance was harvested and serially cultured after enzymatic disaggregation. These cells were cultured in an air-liquid interface (ALI) culture system for 2, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after confluence. Ciliogenesis usually began 16-18 days after confluence. The percentage of ciliated cells detected by means of immunohistochemical staining increased over time up to a maximum of 10.6% but the percentage of secretory cells remained stable at approximately 40% throughout the duration of culture. By Day 14 after confluence, the amounts of mucin and lysozyme secretion, as measured by dot-blotting analysis, had increased significantly and then remained stable. The expression levels of mucin gene 5B (MUC5B), MUC8 and lysozyme increased with the duration of culture. MUC8 in particular showed a dramatic increase on Day 28 after confluence. In contrast, the level of MUC5AC mRNA peaked on Day 14 after confluence, and then decreased. In conclusion, ciliary differentiation of NHMEE cells can be induced using an ALI culture system. Our study also suggests that secretory function develops earlier than ciliogenesis, and that the expressions of MUC5B and MUC8 mRNAs increase as a function of differentiation.
 ...
PMID:Ciliary and secretory differentiation of normal human middle ear epithelial cells. 1203 May 73

Knowledge of the state of differentiation, cell phenotype, and expression of genes for mucus production at the time of study is important because these may vary at different times during the culture period. The primary purpose of this study was to determine whether the number of ciliated cells increases as a function of differentiation in NHNE cells. If we observed an increase in the number of ciliated cells, the composition ratio of ciliated and secretory cells according to the culture duration was determined. The levels of mucin and lysozyme secretion and their gene expression at this time were also examined. The presence of ciliated cells was not evident up to 2 days after confluence. However, 3.1 +/- 0.2 %, 7.4 +/- 0.5 %, and 14.5 +/- 0.6 % of the cells were ciliated on the 7th, the 14th, and the 28th day after confluence, respectively. Meanwhile, the percentage of secretory cells were 35.6 +/- 2.8 %, 32.8 +/- 2.5 %, 32.8 +/- 2.5 %, and 49.4 +/- 1.4 % on the 2nd, the 7th, 14th, and 28th day after confluence. The amount of secreted mucin showed an abruptly increasing pattern by the 14th day after confluence but showed no significant changes thereafter. The amount of secreted lysozyme increased as a function of differentiation. MUC5AC and MUC5B mRNA were mainly expressed between the 7th and the 14th day after confluence with relatively weak MUC8 and lysozyme expression. By the 28th day after confluence however, as the MUC5AC mRNA expression became weaker, MUC5B, MUC8, and lysozyme mRNA expression became stronger. In conclusion, we speculate that in in vitro studies with NHNE cells, the time point of treatment should vary according to the purpose of the study. In addition, the MUC5B and MUC8 gene may play an important role in mucin secretion in fully differentiated human nasal epithelial cells.
 ...
PMID:Mucociliary differentiation according to time in human nasal epithelial cell culture. 1207 34