Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
 21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Peptides containing Lys-Pro-Arg or Thr-Lys-Arg segments corresponding to various regions of human C-reactive protein were synthesized. The peptides prepared were composed of amino acid residues, 37-58, 51-58, 173-187 and 181-187 of C-reactive protein. The relationship between C-reactive protein, its synthetic fragments and tuftsin (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg) was investigated in binding studies, enhancement of phagocytosis and change in cyclic nucleotide levels of mouse macrophages. The peptides AA 51-58 and 181-187 did enhance macrophage phagocytosis capacity to a similar extent to that of tuftsin. They showed however only negligible binding to the cells. The effect of C-reactive protein and the synthetic peptides on metabolic activity of neutrophils was also investigated. It was shown that the peptides inhibited to some degree superoxide production, lysozyme release and Vitamin B12 binding protein release from neutrophils in the absence and presence of the stimulants, PMA or Con A. Comparable activity with tuftsin was not found.
 ...
PMID:Synthetic peptides from C-reactive protein containing tuftsin-related sequences. 303 32

Various polyelectrolytes were investigated regarding their capacity to inhibit the binding of human IgG to Fc-receptors on group A streptococci, type M1. Of cationic substances, protamine and arginine-rich histone inhibited significantly, while lysine-rich histone, concanavalin A, lysozyme, polymyxin B, ribonuclease and tuftsin did not. Of anionic materials, liquoid was inhibitory, in contrast to chondroitin sulphate, dextran sulphate, DNA and heparin. Washing experiments showed that the inhibition was caused by binding of the polyelectrolytes to the streptococci. The finding that heated IgG inhibited the binding of histone to the streptococci also indicated a close relation between the binding sites for these compounds. Diffusion-in-gel experiments with alkaline extract of M1 demonstrated that the substances blocking the IgG Fc-receptor were bound to polyglycerophosphate, suggesting that the inhibition of the IgG uptake was due to interaction with lipoteichoic acid. Leukocyte and platelet extracts could modify the binding of IgG, probably by an enzymatic digestion of the receptors. The arginine-rich histone was also capable of inhibiting the binding of IgG to type M15 group A streptococci and to one group G strain. However, the polyelectrolytes had no effect on the binding of IgG to Staphylococcus aureus or of IgA to type 4 group A streptococci.
 ...
PMID:Cationic polyelectrolytes, liquoid and leukocyte extract modulate the binding of IgG to group A streptococcal Fc-receptors. 704 38

Synthesis of two chimeric peptides composed of tuftsin and thymic humoral factor-gamma 2 (THF-gamma 2) conjugates was accomplished. Our goal was the generation of novel immunomodulators. Initially, we demonstrate an IL-6 inducing activity of the phagocytic cells stimulant, tuftsin, on murine macrophages. This activity was documented only in the presence of antigen, either KLH or lysozyme. The augmentation was dose dependent, with optimal activity at a concentration of 200 and 20 nM, respectively. The chimeric peptides, either H2N-tuftsin-THF-gamma 2-OH or H2N-THF-gamma 2-tuftsin-OH, were also evaluated in the IL-6 system in the presence of the more potent antigen, KLH. The IL-6 inducing effect was maintained, although maximal activity appeared only at a concentration an order of magnitude greater than that of tuftsin. The chimeric peptides were further tested in an assay evaluating enhancement in murine bone marrow myeloid colony formation, a system in which THF-gamma 2, a T cell stimulant, has an established beneficial effect. The compounds were found to be inactive at the 25-200 ng/ml (14-112 nM) concentration range evaluated. Finally, the chimeric peptides were tested in a combined macrophages-T cells assay, i.e. antigen presentation, in which H2N-tuftsin-THF-gamma 2-OH was found to be more active than either parent peptide, thus representing a possible therapeutic agent.
 ...
PMID:Tuftsin-THF-gamma 2 chimeric peptides: potential novel immunomodulators. 928 43

The purpose of this study was to determine if injections of different dosages of tuftsin would enhance the immune response and disease resistance against the infections due to the opportunistic pathogens Aeromonas hydrophila and Edwardsiella tarda in Labeo rohita fingerlings. Hence, four different dosages of tuftsin in PBS suspension at the rate of 0, 5, 10, 15 mg kg(-1) body weight of fish were injected intraperitoneally to the fingerlings of L. rohita at 2-week intervals for four times. After every 2-week interval, different serum biochemical, haematological and immunological parameters of fish were evaluated. Biochemical and haematological parameters including serum total protein content, albumin content, globulin content, albulin:globulin ratio, glucose content, leucocyte counts etc.; cellular immune parameters including superoxide anion production, phagocytic activities, lymphokine production index etc.; humoral immune parameters including lysozyme activity, complement activity, serum bactericidal activity etc., in the fish were evaluated after every 2-week interval. After 56 days, fish were divided into two subgroups under each major treatment group for challenge with two pathogens A. hydrophila and E. tarda. The mortality (%) and agglutinating antibody titre was recorded on 28th day post challenge. Most of the immune parameters including leucocyte count, phagocytic ratio, phagocytic index, lysozyme activity, complement activity, and serum bactericidal activity were significantly (p<or=0.05) maximum on 42 days after three i.p. injections of 10 mg kg(-1) body weight of tuftsin. Challenge study indicated least mortality in the group of fish injected with 10 mg kg(-1) body weight of tuftsin for four times. Multiple injections of tuftsin might have maintained the activation of phagocytic cells for a long period, which in turn led to long-term protection in the fish. Thus, multiple injections of 10 mg kg(-1) body weight of tuftsin for three times can be advocated for enhancing the immune response of fish species under aquaculture.
 ...
PMID:The immunomodulatory effects of tuftsin on the non-specific immune system of Indian Major carp, Labeo rohita. 1629 22