Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
 21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy of an enlarged lymph node in a three-year-old boy who had asymptomatic cervical and submandibular lymphadenopathy showed large histiocytes with abundant pale, eosinophilic cytoplasm containing well-preserved lymphocytes and occasional plasma cells and granulocytes. These features were consistent with a diagnosis of sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML). Immunophenotypic study of the histiocytes, performed on the FNA smears and on paraffin-embedded sections, showed reactivity for S-100 protein and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin and negativity for lysozyme. These features, which are characteristic of SHML, demonstrate the reliability of FNA cytology in making the diagnosis of this disorder.
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PMID:Fine needle aspiration cytology and immunocytochemical characterization of the histiocytes in sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman syndrome). 225 13

Paraffin-embedded material from 26 cases of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) was investigated by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique. Antibodies to S-100 protein, Leu-7 antigen, and neuron-specific enolase (neural markers); to lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (histiocytic markers); and to cytokeratin, desmin, vimentin, and factor VIII were used. The tumor cells reacted only for vimentin. In addition, 12 cases showed positive reactions with histiocytic markers (1-3% of the cells; in two cases, up to 10%). These results support a fibroblastic and contradict a neural or histiocytic histogenesis of DFSP.
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PMID:An immunohistochemical study of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans supports its fibroblastic character and contradicts neuroectodermal or histiocytic components. 231 13

A number of fixation and decalcification procedures were evaluated to determine their suitability for immunohistochemistry on trephine samples of bone marrow after paraffin embedding. In particular, the immunoreactivity of antigens characteristic for various hematopoietic cell lines (immunoglobulin heavy and light chains for plasmacytoid cells; elastase for neutrophil myeloid cells; lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin for hystiocytic cells; leukocyte common antigen for lymphocytes; hemoglobin and glycophorin A for erythroid cells; Factor VIII-related antigen for thrombocytoid cells) as well as some antigens specific for epithelial tumors (CEA, 115D8, and keratin) were investigated. Fixation in a mercuric chloride-formaldehyde mixture followed by decalcification in acetic acid-formaldehyde-saline proved to be the best procedure for antigen preservation and retention of morphologic detail. Moreover, there is no need of trypsinization when using this procedure. The only exception was Factor VIII-related antigen in megakaryocytes, which was best demonstrated in trypsin-digested sections of formalin-fixed and acetic acid-decalcified biopsies.
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PMID:Influence of fixation and decalcification on the immunohistochemical staining of cell-specific markers in paraffin-embedded human bone biopsies. 241 61

An analysis was made of the rhabdomyosarcomas diagnosed in the Dept. of Pathology of the University of Groningen between 1971 and 1983. Ten cases diagnosed in patients over 30 years of age were studied in detail. After review the diagnosis was discarded on morphologic criteria in all cases. In 9 cases it was changed into malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) and in one case this diagnosis was favoured, but inconclusive. In 5 cases immunohistochemical studies could be performed. In all cases staining for the muscle specific intermediate filaments desmin appeared negative and for the mesenchymal intermediate filaments vimentin positive. These cases were also positive for one or more of the histiocytic markers alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, alpha-1-antitrypsin and lysozyme. It is concluded that rhabdomyosarcoma in older patients is extremely rare and the possible relationship between MFH in the adult and rhabdomyosarcoma in childhood is discussed.
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PMID:The rarity of rhabdomyosarcomas in the adult. A morphologic and immunohistochemical study. 241 57

The staining pattern by Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA), a lectin used as a good marker for histiocytes, in 24 cases with malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) was studied and compared with that of 12 cases of fibrosarcoma (FS). In 20 (83%) of 24 cases of MFH, varying degrees of RCA binding were observed, whereas only four (33%) of 12 cases of FS were positive. RCA-positive FS included three cases with infantile FS and one adult case with post-radiation FS. Eight adult patients with FS were entirely negative. This positivity rate of RCA binding in MFH was much higher than those of antisera against lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin previously reported. Seven MFH patients with focal aggregation of RCA-positive benign-appearing (reactive) histiocytes died earlier than the other patients with only scattered RCA-positive histiocytes; 5-year survival rates were 32% and 69%, respectively (p less than 0.05). These findings suggest that RCA reactivity can be used as a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for MFH.
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PMID:Lectin histochemistry of malignant fibrohistiocytic tumors. 243 95

Ten cases of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma (DCS) were immunohistochemically and histochemically compared with 12 de novo malignant fibrous histiocytomas, 10 osteoblastic osteosarcomas, 9 conventional chondrosarcomas, and 4 fibrosarcomas (all of bone or soft tissues), in order to discern similarities and differences in the immunophenotypes of these neoplasms. All cases of DCS and malignant fibrous histiocytoma were reactive for alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, and several examples of both tumor types bound peanut agglutinin, and expressed positivity for alpha-1-antitrypsin and lysozyme. None of these four cellular markers was observed in de novo osteosarcoma and fibrosarcoma; in addition, conventional chondrosarcoma lacked all of them except for peanut agglutinin receptors. S100 protein reactivity and binding of wheat germ agglutinin were detectable in conventional chondrosarcomas and in rare cells of the anaplastic components of primary DCS, but not in malignant fibrous histiocytoma arising ab initio and the other sarcomas. These results suggest the evolution of a second neoplastic cellular clone in DCS, with primitive morphological and phenotypic characteristics.
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PMID:Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma of bone. An immunohistochemical and lectin-histochemical study. 243 90

In a pilot study paraffin-embedded sections of open skin wounds (stab and slash wounds, lacerations) were investigated to determine the presence of a vital reaction. Granulocytes were detected by naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase, the enzyme "lysozyme", and eight proteinase inhibitors by the indirect immunoperoxidase method. The tissue specimens were taken from consecutive autopsy material. The survival time could be determined in 14 cases (10-165 min) and was unknown in 12 other cases of sudden death due to injury of the major vessels or heart. The controls were cases with injuries inflicted after and cases of sudden death due to massive blunt trauma served death. In vital injuries, accumulations of proteinase inhibitors, particularly alpha-2-macroglobulin and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, were demonstrable in the corium parallel to the wound surface. In comparison, the reaction of proteinase inhibitors that neutralize only enzymes participating in blood coagulation or complement activation (C1-esterase inhibitor and protein C) was absent or weak. Protein accumulation was observed only sporadically in cases of sudden death and never in cases with wounds inflicted after death. No relationship could be established between semiquantitatively estimated staining and survival time. Granulocytes and lysozyme were first observed in the corium after a survival time of more than 60 min.
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PMID:[Release of proteinase inhibitors as a vital reaction in the early post-traumatic interval]. 247 1

The present report describes the results of a combined morphological, enzyme- and immunohistochemical analysis of nine cases of malignant non Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) clinically presenting as lethal midline granuloma. In a previous report written before antibodies directed against B and T lymphocytes were available, a histiocytic origin of such neoplasms had been suggested. A panel of antibodies reactive with most B cells (L26, MB1, KiB3) and a majority of T cells (MT1, UCHL1) was applied on paraffin sections of formalin fixed tissues as well as antibodies directed against leukocyte common antigen (LCA), myeloid/histiocyte antigen (MAC 387), lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, S-100 protein, prekeratin and immunoglobulin light chains. Enzyme histochemistry included tests for non-specific acid esterase, acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase and chloroacetate esterase. As a result, five T, two B and two unclassified (malignant histiocytosis probable) NHL were identified, indicating distinct heterogeneity of NHL as causative disorders in lethal midline granuloma.
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PMID:Heterogeneous malignant non Hodgkin's lymphomas as a causative disorder in lethal midline granuloma. 252 38

We report the first case of angiotropic large-cell lymphoma (intravascular malignant lymphomatosis) presenting as minimal change disease (MCD) and diagnosed by renal biopsy. Neoplastic lymphoid cells were disseminated throughout the glomerular capillary bed and were associated with diffuse foot process effacement. The tumor had the immunophenotype of a B cell lymphoma (reactive with LCA and L-26 and unreactive with FVIII-R-Ag, Leu-M-1, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, lysozyme, UCHL-1, Leu-22, kappa, and lambda). The temporal association between the onset of lymphoma and MCD, and the failure of the nephrotic syndrome to respond to immunosuppressive therapy support a role for lymphoma in the pathogenesis of MCD in this patient.
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PMID:Angiotropic large cell lymphoma (intravascular malignant lymphomatosis) of the kidney: presentation as minimal change disease. 265 92

Investigation of vitality was done in paraffin-embedded tissue sections of open skin wounds by demonstration of a neutrophilic reaction marking the cells by naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase, by demonstration of enzyme activity by application of lysozyme antibodies and by demonstration of concentration of proteinase inhibitors by application of inhibitor antibodies using the indirect immunohistochemical peroxidase method. Survival time of the wounds could be determined in 10 cases (15-165 mins) and was unknown in 9 other cases of sudden death due to injury of the major vessels or heart. Postmortally inflicted injuries and cases of sudden death due to massive blunt trauma served as controls. In vital injuries, accumulation of proteinase inhibitors, particularly alpha-1-antichymotrypsin and alpha-2-macroglobulin, were demonstrable in the corium parallel to the wound surface. Protein accumulation was observed only sporadically in cases of sudden death and never in cases with postmortally inflicted wounds. Granulocytes and lysozyme were first observed in the corium after a survival time of more than 60 minutes.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical assessment of survival from open skin wounds using paraffin sections]. 268 50


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