Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
 21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Immunohistochemical technique (ABC method) was applied by using anti-S-100+ protein and anti-lysozyme antibodies to examine the local infiltration of dendritic cells (DC) and lysozyme positive (lys+) cells in 78 cases of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. 64 of the 78 cases were followed up. The results showed that DC were present in all carcinoma nests and stroma, being more numerous in the stroma than in the parenchyma. The number of DC was positively related to 5-year survival rate, which, in B group was significantly different from that in A group (P less than 0.05). It is also related to the degree of differentiation, the highly differentiated cases having larger number of DC than the moderately or lowly differentiated cases (P less than 0.01). There were more DC in the non-infiltrated muscle layers than in the infiltrated muscle layers. (P less than 0.01). This suggests that DC might participate in the anti-tumor immune reaction of the body, the intensity of which is related to the number and distribution of DC in the carcinomatous tissue. This may provide a reliable basis for evaluating the prognosis and choosing the operation methods, especially in recurrent carcinoma of the bladder.
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PMID:[Distribution of S-100 protein-positive dendritic cells in transitional cell carcinoma of human bladder and its relation to clinical prognosis]. 166 94

Iron lysozyme glutarate (ABC 1020) is a new soluble complex with an anti-anaemic activity superior to that of ferritin, ferrous sulphate and iron succinyl protein. Iron serum concentrations after treatment with ABC 1020 are higher than after ferritin and iron succinyl protein and lower than after ferrous sulphate treatment. Anaemic adult rats and rats born from dams with anaemia induced by an iron-deficient diet and by repeated bleeding showed considerable, dose-related improvement when treated with ABC 1020, which gave markedly better results than ferritin, iron succinyl protein and ferrous sulphate. Treatment with all four compounds improved the hematological and blood chemistry parameters considered, and reversed cardio- and splenomegaly. Preliminary data show that ABC 1020 is well tolerated, does not induce gastric lesions and has a high bioavailability.
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PMID:Synthesis of a new anti-anaemic iron lysozyme glutarate complex and pharmacological studies in animals. 208 Sep 50

We have examined sixty-seven surgically removed allograft kidneys to identify the different leukocyte subsets of interstitial infiltration and the early vascular lesions which characterize renal allograft rejection. Histochemical and immunohistochemical results (mouse monoclonal antibodies anti: Leu 1, Leu 3a-3b, Leu 7, Leu 2a, OK Ia-Dr, OKB2, Leu M1, Leu M3; rabbit heteroclonal antibodies anti -: IgA, IgG, IgM, C3, fibrinogen, lysozyme; lectins-ABC: RCA, WGA, UEA) and routine histochemical staining have shown an increase of T-helper and T-activated lymphocyte subsets in acute rejection. Neutrophilic leucocytes were present in hyperacute rejection; macrophages were also noted. In chronic rejection, several lymphocyte subsets, in different ratios, were identified. Monocyte/macrophage leukocytes were the most abundant cell population. IgA deposits were noted on tubular epithelia in hyperacute and chronic rejections. IgM deposits were observed in vascular walls in chronic rejection. C3 and fibrinogen deposits were seen in glomerular capillaries and in arterial walls, although in different ratios, in all cases of renal allograft rejections. We have generally seen weak reactions to IgG deposits. Histochemical analysis of lectin receptors has given different results according to the type of rejection considered. In hyperacute rejection, receptors for WGA were found both on glomerular endothelial cells and on the tubular brush border. In the latter, receptors for RCA were also found. In acute rejection, receptors for UEA and WGA were found in a lower number of cases of acute vascular rejection. In acute cellular rejection, receptors for RCA, UEA and WGA were recognized in tubular epithelia. In acute vascular rejection, as well as in chronic rejection, only receptors for WGA were present on tubular epithelia and on capillary loop endothelium. The use of anti-human lysozyme antibodies has yielded the following results: in acute and hyperacute rejection, when renal failure occurred, we saw a high ratio of lysozyme, either coarsely granular or diffuse in the proximal tubular epithelia. Lysozyme was found in myelocyte/macrophage cells within capillary loops and arterial walls, when acute necrotizing vasculitis was present. In acute rejection, proximal tubular cells were lysozyme-negative or lysozyme-positive only segmentally, especially when obliterative vasculitis by fibrointimal proliferation was present and renal function progressively failed. In most of the chronic rejections, tubular cells were lysozyme-negative.
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PMID:Renal allograft rejection: immunohistochemistry of inflammatory cellular subsets and vascular lesions. 242 64

S-100 protein immunostaining has been advocated to identify the characteristic Langerhans' cells in the histologic diagnosis of PEG. Reliable demonstration of an increased number of Langerhans' cells is essential in difficult biopsy cases, since occasional Langerhans' cells can be found in other pulmonary lesions. We examined the S-100 protein labeling pattern in three cases of PEG and in a variety of controls. Non-Langerhans' histiocytes were labeled for lysozyme antigen on the same histologic sections using a combined ABC and PAP technique. This verified that the S-100 protein-negative histiocytes were indeed a separate population from the S-100 protein-positive histiocytes and did not represent Langerhans' cells which failed to label with antiserum to S-100 protein. This technique confirms the usefulness of S-100 protein staining in the diagnosis of PEG and offers a means to verify the reliability of the S-100 protein labeling in questionable cases.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical diagnosis of pulmonary eosinophilic granuloma on lung biopsy. 246 Dec 75

Eighteen cases of malignant lymphoma were labelled by ABC immunohistologic method with various monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. It was found that all were OKT9 antiserum positive and cytokeratin negative. In B cell lymphomas, 9/18 cases were positive for B1; 7 positive for each of I2+ and Leu 10+; 6 for J5+, and 5 for B2+. In 6 cases of T cell lymphoma, 5 cases were positive for T3+ and Tac+ each; 4 for T11+ and 2 for T6+ while all were positive for T4 and negative or weakly positive for T8A. There was 1 case of histiocytic lymphoma and 2 of Hodgkin's lymphoma showing positive reaction to MO1, 2H9 and lysozyme antibody in their tumor cells and R-S cells.
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PMID:[Preliminary analysis of 18 cases of malignant lymphoma by immunohistological method with various monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies]. 324 83

The glycoconjugate composition of tracheal secretions varies with physiological and pathophysiological parameters. Believing that these differences might be explained by metabolic or regulatory modifications of particular cell types, we have developed strategies for biochemical analysis at the cellular level. We have produced monoclonal antibodies whose determinants are restricted to a single secretory cell type (serous, mucous, or goblet cell granules, or ciliated cell glycocalyx). By enzyme immunoassay (ELISA), we have characterized four of the antibodies biochemically, and have also used the antibodies as quantitative molecular probes to detect release of antigen from mixed cell explants. Four of the antigens are carried by carbohydrate moieties of high molecular weight glycoproteins. Western blot analysis shows their molecular weight in reducing gels (SDS-PAGE) to exceed 200 kD. When used in parallel with pulse-chase labeling studies, the antibodies are both more sensitive and specific (than bound radioactivity) in detecting gland or goblet cell secretion in response to autonomic drugs or proteases. We have also isolated and cultured serous gland cells for physiological and biochemical studies. These cells express serous cell phenotype as reflected by ultrastructure, histochemistry, and lysozyme activity. Biochemical analysis of their secretory products reveals glycoconjugate components which are heterogeneous with respect to both molecular weight and charge. Radiolabeled secretory products eluting in the void volume of Sepharose C1 4B were completely degraded by chondroitinase ABC. This indicates that the major glycoconjugate produced by serous cell is a proteoglycan resembling chondroitin sulfate.
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PMID:Studies of tracheal secretion using serous cell cultures and monoclonal antibodies. 350 59

Primary gastrointestinal lymphomas (PGLs) are the most frequent extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and involve stomach more commonly than small bowel in Western countries. PGLs need to be differentiated from a variety of tumor-like hyperplastic lymphoid lesions; this may be facilitated by immunotyping of lymphoid cells. In PGLs, large-cell types predominate. Our study of 76 PGLs utilizing the ABC immunoperoxidase technique has led us to conclude that the majority are of B cell origin and that, while true histiocytic PGLs do indeed exist, their incidence is not greater than in nodal lymphomas. An important observation was that 26% of the cases showed an intense admixture of muramidase-positive reactive histiocytes, a feature that could result in an erroneous impression of a histiocytic derivation of the neoplasm. The prognostic significance of immunologic subtypes is currently not known. However, survival in PGL is determined by the clinical stage of the disease and to a lesser extent by the histologic type. Current optimal therapy includes resection of tumor-bearing bowel followed by radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal lymphoid neoplasms. 391 55

Immunohistological techniques have been increasingly used, both in general and ophthalmic pathology, for identification of specific cell types that may not be possible on morphological grounds or by conventional histochemical methods alone. Enzyme conjugate techniques using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) immune complex method and the avidin-biotin-horseradish peroxidase method (ABC) are particularly useful as they are highly sensitive, provide permanent results, allow the use of paraffin-embedded tissues and do not require a fluorescent microscope. Antibodies against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), factor VIII-related antigen, muramidase, S-100 protein, myoglobin, prostatic acid phosphatase and prostate-specific antigen are valuable tools in surgical pathology and their applicability to ophthalmic pathology have been clearly demonstrated.
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PMID:Applications of immunohistochemistry to ophthalmic pathology. 620 42

Oxindolealanine-62 lysozyme, formed by reaction with N-bromosuccinimide and purified by using affinity chromatography, was examined in its binding of homologous oligosaccharides of N-acetylglucosamine and in its catalysis of hydrolysis and of transglycosylation of the hexasaccharide of N-acetylglucosamine. Equilibrium binding constants were determined by changes in absorbance or fluorescence associated with ligand binding. Enthalpies of binding were measured calorimetrically. The pattern of variation of delta Go and delta Ho of binding with ligand chain length and pH was different for oxindolealanine-62 lysozyme compared with native lysozyme. These results indicate that the interactions of the ABC region of the active site with substrates are substantially altered by Trp-62 oxidation, more than expected for loss only of the Trp-62 interactions. The partitioning of the glycosyl enzyme intermediate between reaction with a saccharide acceptor (transglycosylation) and reaction with water is unaffected by oxidation of Trp-62. Similarly, the pattern of cleavage of the hexasaccharide, predominantly to tetra- and disaccharide, is unaffected by oxidation of Trp-62. The 2000-fold slower rate of catalytic reaction (relative to free enzyme and substrate) apparently reflects a sterically hindered fit of the substrate into the active site of the modified enzyme and not a special catalytic importance of Trp-62. The geometry of the transition state for oligosaccharide hydrolysis is inferred to be the same for native and oxidized enzymes.
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PMID:Oxindolealanine-62 lysozyme: equilibrium, calorimetric, and kinetic studies of the reaction with N-acetylglucosamine oligosaccharides. 740 80

Clear cell chondrosarcoma, a subtype and separate entity from the traditional chondrosarcoma, is characterized by its special histologic features, site of predilection, slow growth and better prognosis. Three cases are presented with elucidation of clinicopathologic correlation and detection by the ABC immunohistochemical method using several antibodies. The observation of positive reaction to S-100 protein (S-100), vimentin (Vim), alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (AACT) and lysozyme (Lyso) by the tumor cells of clear cell chondrosarcoma, similar to traditional chondrosarcoma and chondroblastoma, proves that this tumor has its origin in the cartilaginous tissue. It was found for the first time that the clear cell chondrosarcoma was positive for wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and concanavalin A (Con A). The authors believe that clear cell chondrosarcoma may result from the anaplastic changes of chondroblastoma cells into another subtype of that tumor. The osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells (MGC), retaining the antigens of phagocytes, are not considered to be neoplastic.
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PMID:Clear cell chondrosarcoma of bone. A report of three cases with immunohistochemical and affinity histochemical observations. 835 Dec 42


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