Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
 21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During the initial stages of intraperiplasmic growth of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus on Escherichia coli, the peptidoglycan of the E. coli becomes acylated with long-chain fatty acids, primarily palmitic acid (60%) and oleic acid (20%). The attachment of the fatty acids to the peptidoglycan involves a carboxylic-ester bond, i.e., they were removed by treatment with alkaline hydroxylamine. Their linkage to the peptidoglycan does not involve a protein molecule. When the bdelloplast peptidoglycan was digested with lysozyme, the fatty acid-containing split products behaved as lipopeptidoglycan, i.e., they were extracted into the organic phase of 1-butanol:acetic acid:water (4:15) two-phase system; all of the lysozyme split products generated from normal E. coli peptidoglycan were extracted into the water phase. It is suggested that the function of the acylation reaction is to help stabilize the bdelloplast outer membrane against osmotic forces. In addition, a model is presented to explain how a bdellovibrio penetrates, stabilizes, and lyses a substrate cell.
J Bacteriol 1978 Sep
PMID:Intraperiplasmic growth of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109J: attachment of long-chain fatty acids to escherichia coli peptidoglycan. 35 11

Phagocytic activity of leukocytes, as well as the complement, properdin, and lysozyme levels in the blood serum of miniature piglets, germfree and monocontaminated with E. coli 055 and E. coli 083, were studied. E. coli 055 phagocytosis was decreased in the presence of autologous serum and complement and increased under the effect of specific opsonins (antibodies to E. coli 055). Complement, properdin, and lysozyme levels were decreased in the germfree, in comparison with conventional animals. In the E. coli contaminated piglets properdin and complement production was stimulated most, and lysozyme formation--less. No antibodies to E. coli 055 were revealed in monocontaminated piglets. The highest lysozyme levels were found in the ex-germfree animals, this indicating the participation of factors other than E. coli contamination in lysozyme stimulation. It is concluded that microbial contamination played an important role in the development of cellular and humoral factors of the organism resistance.
Biull Eksp Biol Med 1978 Sep
PMID:[Nonspecific resistance in germ-free and E. coli monocontaminated miniature piglets]. 35 62

The urinary excretion of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) has been claimed to be of high diagnostic value in indicating acute renal graft rejection. Similar claims have been made for the significance of urinary lysozyme excretion. Serial measurements of urinary lysozyme and NAG have been made in 35 patients after renal transplantation, and during 52 suspected rejection episodes. A close correlation has been found between these two parameters although they did not consistently change in parallel. The use of both assays may give a better indication of impending rejection than either assay alone.
Ann Clin Biochem 1978 Sep
PMID:Urinary excretion of lysozyme and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase in the diagnosis of renal allograft rejection. 36 32

Lysozyme activity of macrophages and giant cells in various human granulomas were examined with immunoperoxidase bridge method in tissue sections. Various numbers of epithelioid cells and giant cells of epithelioid cell granulomas of tuberculosis, sarcoidosis and Crohn's disease exhibited intense granular cytoplasmic lysozyme activity. Foreign body granulomas induced with various substances showed negative or faintly positive lysozyme stain. Macrophages and giant cells of aspergillus granuloma associated with thymus hypoplasia and T-cell depression contained no lysozyme. The results suggest that cell-mediated immunology plays an important role for the lysozyme synthesis of macrophages in granuloma.
Acta Pathol Jpn 1978 Sep
PMID:Immunohistochemical observation of lysozyme in macrophages and giant cells in human granulomas. 36 52

Lysozyme activities of skin granulomas of 24 patients in leprosy were studied. Lepra cells of all 15 lepromatous leprosy showed strong lysozyme activity in cytoplasma. In the specimens stained with lysozyme and Ziehl-Neelsen's carbolfuchsin double stain conspicuous lysozyme activity around M. leprae were observed. One borderline case was negative. Lysozyme of epithelioid cells and giant cells of 10 tuberculoid types were completely negative. These results suggest that lysozyme plays only a small role in the disposal of M. leprae in macrophages and other mechanisms than bacteriolytic function of lysozyme are responsible for the defence against these bacilli.
Acta Pathol Jpn 1978 Sep
PMID:Immunohistochemical observation of lysozyme in macrophages in leprosy. 36 53

An unusual case of granulocytic sarcoma presenting in a pericardial effusion following trauma and preceding acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) by 8 months is presented. Five additional cases of granulocytic sarcoma preceding leukemia collected by the author are also tabulated. Granulocytic sarcoma in a nonautopsy population of myelogenous leukemic patients was found to be 2.9%. When presenting in an extramedullary site, especially preceding peripheral blood and bone marrow manifestations of leukemia, a misdiagnosis of histiocytic lymphoma may result. In questionable cases, other techniques including the naphthol-ASD-chloroacetate stain, touch imprints, immunoperoxidase stain for lysozyme, and electron microscopy should be utilized. Although only a small series, the most recent cases have shown induction/remission and survival characteristics of AML patients without granulocytic sarcoma.
Cancer 1979 Sep
PMID:Granulocytic sarcoma preceding acute leukemia: a report of six cases. 38 64

A large library of hen oviduct cDNA-pCR1 recombinant plasmids has been established in Escherichia coli X1776. From this library, ovomucoid cDNA and lysozyme cDNA-bearing plasmids have been identified. One of these plasmids, pMu7, yielded the sequence of the 3'-untranslated region of ovomucoid mRNA.
J Biol Chem 1979 Sep 25
PMID:Isolation of recombinant plasmids bearing cDNA to hen ovomucoid and lysozyme mRNAs. 38 14

An immunoperoxidase staining method was used to identify lysozyme in biopsy or transplantectomy specimens of human renal allografts during reversible and irreversible rejection of the grafts. Proximal tubules in apparently functioning nephrons showed lysozyme staining. In irreversibly rejected grafts, infiltrating mononuclear phagocytes in and near peritubular and glomerular capillaries also stained intensely for lysozyme. In acute necrotizing arteritis, lysozyme-positive cells (mononuclear phagocytes) infiltrated the blood vessel wall. The presence of infiltrating lysozyme-positive cells in the transplant was consistent with poor graft survival. The variation in lysozyme staining of proximal tubular cells apparently was a reflection of the differences in the reabsorption capacity of the tubular cells, attributable to the tubular dysfunction of renal allografts. The infiltrating lysozyme-positive cells probably contribute to the increased urinary excretion of lysozyme during acute rejection.
Histopathology 1979 Sep
PMID:Immunohistochemical identification of renal lysozyme during allograft rejection in man. 38 74

The second derivative absorption spectra of serum albumin, insulin, ribonuclease and lysozyme were measured under various conditions to determine the state and amount of their phenylalanine residues. The second derivative spectra of these proteins were very similar to that of phenylalanine in the region between 245 and 270 nm where tryptophan and tyrosine residues caused no appreciable interference. Denaturation of proteins with urea or guanidine hydrochloride caused decrease in the intensity of the second derivative spectra, but scarcely affected the positions of peaks and troughs. The amounts of phenylalanine residues in proteins calculated from a second derivative spectra of denatured proteins coincided well with those reported in the literature. The states of the phenylalanine residues in the proteins could be deduced from the change in optical intensity on denaturation.
Biochim Biophys Acta 1979 Sep 29
PMID:Estimation of state and amount of phenylalanine residues in proteins by second derivative spectrophotometry. 39 35

The number of white blood cells and of polymorphonuclear leukocytes remained unchanged in vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) receiving a "O" protein diet. The motility of the polymorphonuclear leukocytes and their phagocytic and killing indices with and without leukokinin stimulation decreased in protein-depleted animals. Acid cathepsin decreased, DNA relatively increased, and peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phenylphosphatase, and lysozyme reached higher levels in the polymorphonuclear leukocytes of animals on a "O" protein diet.
Am J Clin Nutr 1977 Sep
PMID:Polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocytes in protein deficiency. 40 70


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