Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mucoepidermoid carcinomas of the salivary gland comprising low (n = 6), intermediate (n = 11) and high grade malignant (n = 11) tumors were evaluated for immunohistochemical reactivity of cytokeratin (monoclonal antibody KL1, PKK1, K8.12), vimentin, involucrin and secretory proteins (lysozyme, LY; lactoferrin, LA; alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 1-AT and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, alpha 1-Ach). Keratin expression was usually confined to intense staining in epidermoid tumor cells, but was negative in almost all mucous cells. Vimentin was coexpressed with keratin only in epidermoid tumor cells. Great heterogeneity of intermediate filament proteins was found in intermediate and epidermoid tumor cells. Involucrin in epidermoid tumor cells was particularly abundant in well keratinized cells but was lacking in intermediate and mucous forming cells. The frequency of occurrence of positive staining for LY, LA, alpha 1-AT and alpha 1-Ach was relatively low in mucoepidermoid carcinoma with positive immunohistochemical staining for these secretory proteins in mucous forming tumor cells, while varying expression was observed in epidermoid tumor cells.
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PMID:Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary glands: immunohistochemical distribution of intermediate filament proteins, involucrin and secretory proteins. 137 95

Using the avidin-biotin complex immunoperoxidase technique and antibodies to myoglobin, desmin, CLA, NSE, GFAP, keratin, fibronectin, alpha 1AT, lysozyme, S-100 protein, vimentin, cytokeratin, actin, the authors studied 60 cases of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) histopathologically diagnosed previously. Thirty-six cases showed both myoglobin and desmin positive stain, an objective evidence of the origin from skeletal muscles. The other 24 cases were identified as of non-skeletal muscle origin, including MFH, lymphoma, melanoma, neuroblastoma, malignant neurilemmoma, leiomyosarcoma etc. This study strongly suggests that histologic examination of RMS may lead to incorrect diagnosis. Histologically MFH and other types of spindle cell sarcomas invading normal skeletal muscles may be confused with pleomorphic RMS, lymphoma and neuroblastoma may be confused with embryonic RMS. Our findings indicate that myoglobin is a highly sensitive and specific tumor marker for RMS.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical differential diagnosis of 60 cases of rhabdomyosarcoma]. 166 97

Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded material of 158 diffuse malignant pleural mesotheliomas (DMPMs) was used in order to determine the differential diagnostic value of immunocytochemical probes against 9 different antigens. While vimentin expression was found in only 50% of cases, regardless of their histological subtype all tumours were found to be cytokeratin-positive when an antibody with broad-spectrum cytokeratin reactivity was used. Conversely, none of the cases was immunostained by antisera against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), Leu-M1 antigen, chromogranin, S-100 protein, lysozyme and a T-cell associated antigen. The density of inflammatory cell infiltrates reactive with antisera against the three latter antigens was not associated with the clinical behaviour of the neoplasms examined. Eight DMPM cases showed immunoreactivity with HEA-antibodies against Egp 34, an antigen previously supposed only to be expressed by carcinomas. On the basis of these findings, the consistent cytokeratin reactivity, also of the sarcomatous type of DMPM, may help to exclude metastatic involvement of the pleura by a mesenchymal neoplasm of other origin. CEA and Leu-M1 staining of a given pleural tumour, on the other hand, is indicative of a carcinoma secondarily afflicting the pleura, thus making the diagnosis of primary DMPM unlikely.
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PMID:Immunocytochemical differential diagnosis of diffuse malignant pleural mesotheliomas--a clinicomorphological study of 158 cases. 171 81

Bovine tracheal gland (BTG) cells in culture show an epithelial-fibroblastoid transition after several passages. To investigate these BTG cell phenotype changes, we studied the effects of both the culture medium and passage number on the expression of epithelial cytoskeletal proteins and glandular serous cell markers. We also analyzed the intracellular cAMP level in the basal state and after adrenergic stimulation. Three culture media were used: 1) serum-free defined medium (SFDM); 2) medium supplemented with 2% Ultroser G; and 3) medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS). Using immunofluorescence microscopy, we showed that, in the first 4 passages whatever the culture conditions, BTG cells expressed immunoreactivities to cytokeratin filaments and desmoplakins I and II, whereas vimentin filaments were not detected. After four passages, BTG cells cultured in 10% FCS or 2% Ultroser G became progressively fibroblastoid and showed immunoreactivities to both vimentin and cytokeratin intermediate filaments. No immunoreactivity to vimentin filaments was observed on BTG cells cultured in a SFDM. Using biochemical analysis, we showed that basal levels of cAMP in cultured BTG cells and lysozyme secretion by these cells vary according to the culture medium and passage number. It was higher in BTG cells cultured in a SFDM compared to that recovered from cells cultured in medium supplemented with Ultroser G or FCS. Whatever the culture medium, BTG cells responded to stimulation by isoproterenol. However, the results of stimulation in a SFDM were higher than in Ultroser G or FCS supplemented medium. We conclude that the BTG epithelial cell organization and the regulation of biosynthesis of secretory proteins by these cells in culture depend on both the culture medium and passage number.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Modulations of the epithelial phenotype and functional activity of cultured bovine tracheal gland cells: dependence on the culture medium and passage number. 172 20

A new human cell line, designated Ty-82, was established from the pleural effusion of a 22-year-old woman with undifferentiated thymic carcinoma. This cell line consisted of primitive cells that were positive for alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase and acid phosphatase. The cells were shown to express epithelial membrane antigen, but were completely negative for cytokeratin, carcinoembryonic antigen, glial fibrillary acidic protein, desmin, S-100 protein, lysozyme, Leu-7, HLA-DR (Ia), leukocyte common antigen, Ki-I antigen, T-cell antigens, B-cell antigens, myelomonocyte antigens, and Epstein-Barr-virus nuclear antigen. Electron microscopy showed that the cells were highly anaplastic, with no sign of cellular differentiation to any lineages. The Ty-82 cell line was found to have a karyotype of 46,XX,t(15;19)(q15;p13), being identical to that of the patient's tumor cells. Four of 5 nude mice inoculated sub-cutaneously with Ty-82 cells developed tumors which displayed a histological picture similar to the original tumor. Thymic carcinoma is a recently recognized entity, and its cellular and clinical behavior are poorly understood. The newly established thymic carcinoma cell line would provide a useful tool for the better understanding of this rare disease.
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PMID:Establishment and characterization of a thymic carcinoma cell line (Ty-82) carrying t(15;19)(q15;p13) chromosome abnormality. 173 May 20

An immunophenotype was performed on an osteoclast-like giant cell tumor of the pancreas using a panel of antibodies to epithelial and leukocyte antigens. Several antibodies to cytokeratin and carcinoembryonic antigen were negative in the tumor. Osteoclast-like cells were positive for CD4, CD13, CD45, CD68, CD71, and vimentin, but negative for lysozyme and HLA-DR. Mononuclear tumor cells were positive for CD4, CD11c, CD13, CD14, CD45, CD68, CD71, HLA-DR, and vimentin, but negative for lysozyme. The phenotype is similar to that previously described for giant cell tumor of bone. The osteoclast-like cell phenotype is also similar to that reported for normal osteoclasts. The findings support a nonepithelial origin for osteoclast-like giant cell tumor of the pancreas, and suggest a derivation similar to giant cell tumor of bone.
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PMID:Osteoclast-like giant cell tumor of the pancreas: immunophenotypic similarity to giant cell tumor of bone. 186 95

Four cases of primary leiomyosarcoma of bone are presented. The histology of this rare tumour has been studied with a panel of monoclonal antibodies to the intermediate filaments desmin and vimentin, and to other markers including smooth muscle actin, myosin, alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, lysozyme, S-100 protein and cytokeratin. The tumour cells were uniformly positive for desmin, vimentin, and in one case for smooth muscle actin; all the other markers were negative. The findings have been compared with other spindle cell lesions of bone and with electron-microscopy of the tumours. Immunohistochemistry allows the histological diagnosis to be made without the need to resort to ultrastructural studies.
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PMID:Primary leiomyosarcoma of bone. 191

We present an autopsy case of a 29-week-old male fetus with a very unusual set of congenital granular cell tumors, including gingival epulis and granular cell lesions of the kidneys, lung, heart, esophagus, small and large intestine, thyroid, adrenals, spleen, urinary bladder, testis, pituitary, and leptomeninges. The granular cells were distributed mainly through the stroma of the organs, but they also involved the epithelial lining of the seminiferous and renal tubules. Ultrastructurally, the gingival, pulmonary, and renal tumors were basically the same in appearance as membrane-bound heterogeneous bodies. Immunohistochemical studies were negative for S100 protein, lysozyme, alpha 1-antitrypsin, cytokeratin, and vimentin in the gingival mass as well as in other systemic lesions. The immunohistochemical reaction pattern of the granular cells in our case was more like the cells of the congenital granular cell epulis rather than adult granular cell tumor because of its negative reaction to S100 protein. However, the involvement pattern was that of the adult form of granular cell tumor. Several developmentally different cells, such as renal tubular epithelial cells, seminiferous tubular cells, gingival stromal cells, and parenchymal cells of many organs, were involved in this granular cell process. The myofibroblastlike cells seen in the region of segmental dysplasia of the kidney showed the same cytoplasmic material as in typical granular cells. Based on these findings, it is suggested that a histogenesis of multiple cell origin of the granular cell tumor could be strongly supported.
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PMID:Congenital granular cell tumor with systemic involvement. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study. 192 90

Granulomatous prostatitis and poorly differentiated prostate carcinoma can mimic each other both clinically and histologically. To develop criteria useful in resolving problem cases, the authors compared the reactivities of these conditions (nine cases of granulomatous prostatitis and six cases of poorly differentiated carcinoma) with a panel of antibodies to cytokeratin (AE1/3), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), lysozyme, antimacrophage M, and leukocyte common antigen (LCA). In granulomatous prostatitis, histiocytes were not immunoreactive for PAP, PSA, or cytokeratin; however, histiocytes reacted to lysozyme in nine of nine cases, antimacrophage M in seven of nine cases, and LCA in one of nine cases. Tumor cells from all six carcinoma cases reacted with PAP, PSA, and cytokeratin; all failed to react with lysozyme, LCA, and antimacrophage M. The authors conclude that granulomatous prostatitis and poorly differentiated carcinoma can be reliably distinguished with immunohistochemical methods.
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PMID:Granulomatous prostatitis and poorly differentiated prostate carcinoma. Their distinction with the use of immunohistochemical methods. 199 42

We report two transitional cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder containing numerous osteoclast-type giant cells that stained for vimentin and acid phosphatase (with and without tartrate) and were negative for cytokeratin and lysozyme. One tumour, in a 65-year-old man, was composed of papillary transitional cell carcinoma, invasive poorly differentiated carcinoma with a prominent spindle cell component and numerous osteoclast-type giant cells; repeat curettage 2 months later showed no residual tumour. The second tumour occurred in a 75-year-old woman who underwent a radical cystectomy for a deeply invasive transitional cell carcinoma with a spindle and anaplastic giant cell component and areas containing numerous osteoclast-type giant cells. Osteoclast-type giant cells, which appear to be reactive, should be distinguished from the neoplastic giant cells of giant cell carcinoma.
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PMID:Transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder with osteoclast-type giant cells: a report of two cases and review of the literature. 207 67


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