Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The peroxidase-immunoperoxidase immunocytochemical method was used on 27 saphenous vein coronary artery bypass grafts, which had been resected because of recurrent angina, to identify in situ cellular and humoral elements possibly associated with graft occlusion. Immunostaining was performed on paraffin wax embedded control saphenous vein and graft sections incubated directly with primary antibodies against von Willebrand antigen (vWFAg), fibronectin, fibrinogen, leucocyte common antigen (LCA), lysozyme, vimentin, desmin, platelet factor 4, and thrombospondin. Antigens were visualised by a chromogen providing an orange-red immunoprecipitate at the site of epitope localisation. The intraluminal, amorphous exudate present in most grafts was not composed simply of fibrin or fibrinogen, as previously thought, but was a multiprotein complex including wWFAg, fibronectin, thrombospondin and platelet factor 4. Along with macrophages, these components probably enter the graft after haemodynamic, physical, and chemical injury to, and disruption of, the endothelial cell. Progressive myointimal proliferation and fibrosis of these grafts may be local repetitive responses to macrophages and platelets, cells previously known to participate in vascular disease.
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PMID:Immunocytochemical features of obstructed saphenous vein coronary artery bypass grafts. 265 29

Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 26 malignant fibrous histiocytomas (MFH) and 61 benign fibrohistiocytic proliferations (BFHP) were evaluated immunohistochemically. An avidinbiotin-peroxidase technique was used to determine immunoreactivity for alpha-1 antichymotrypsin, muramidase, HLA-DR, leucocyte common antigen, S-100 protein, vimentin, desmin, and keratin. MFHs were consistently positive for ACT and vimentin and inconsistently reactive for the other antigens. MFHs were negative for LCA suggesting a mesenchymal origin for these lesions. In the MFH histologic subtypes, antigen expression was not significantly different to be useful in their classification. Also no distinctive pattern emerged relative to immunoreactivity and tumor location. The benign lesions, giant cell tumor of tendon sheath, dermatofibroma, and oral benign fibrous histiocytoma differed from the MFHs in that they were often LCA positive, suggesting origin from hematopoetic mononuclear-macrophages. The immunoprofiles of peripheral fibromas and "giant cell" fibromas were felt to be consistent with origin from mesenchymal cells. Several of the antigens studied could be used to differentiate the benign lesions studied from other benign neoplasms. The antigens were, however, of little value in separation of benign and malignant lesions.
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PMID:Immunoprofile of benign and malignant fibrohistiocytic tumors. 282 Dec 12

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is among the most common soft tissue sarcomas of adult life, but rarely occurs elsewhere. We report an example of primary MFH of the lung and review 15 previously reported acceptable cases with current follow-up information. Histologically, the tumor in our case was pleomorphic with storiform and fascicular areas. Tumor cells showed positive immunostaining for alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, and vimentin. Stains for desmin, cytokeratin, myoglobin, epithelial membrane antigen, S-100 protein, and lysozyme were negative. Electron microscopic study showed histiocyte-like, fibroblast-like, intermediate, and undifferentiated tumor cells. A variety of methods were used to treat these patients. Two patients survived for 5 or more years, two were alive and well at 8 and 12 months, respectively, two were alive with metastatic tumor at 3 and 18 months, respectively, and ten patients died of tumor, with an average survival of 1 year.
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PMID:Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the lung. 282 58

Immunoperoxidase studies were performed on 8 granular cell tumours using various intermediate filament proteins, as well as lysozyme, S-100 protein, and lectins. All the lesions gave negative results to cytokeratin, vimentin, desmin, myoglobin, neurofilament protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein and lysozyme. One was positive for alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin. S-100 protein and lectins (Concanavalin ensiformis and Triticum vulgaris) were uniformly positive in all the lesions. S-100 protein positivity would indicate that granular cell tumours are of neural or neuroectodermal origin, although the cell type involved is not clear. There is no obvious explanation for the lectin-binding properties of granular tumour cells. It is hoped that further studies will evaluate the usefulness of lectin histochemistry in defining the nature of granular cell tumours.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical study of granular cell tumour. 283 6

To investigate the histogenesis of the granular cell, a large series of granular cell tumors was studied for clinical and histopathologic features with emphasis on immunocytochemical markers. The nongingival granular cell tumors (NGGCT) were found to be more prevalent among females than males by a ratio of 2:1 and arose on the tongue (67%), the buccal mucosa (13%), the lips (8%), the soft palate (6%), and other sites (6%). With the use of the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method, polyclonal rabbit antisera were employed. The antisera were directed to the following antigens: S-100 protein, myoglobin, myosin, actin, desmin, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and muramidase. Results indicated that granular cell tumors are not homogenous for immunocytochemical markers. Nongingival granular cell tumors were universally positive for S-100 protein and failed to exhibit immunoreactivity for myogenous or histiocytic markers. Alternatively, the gingival granular cell tumor of infancy was negative for all markers, whereas rhabdomyoma was reactive with myogenous markers and a subpopulation of tumor cells displayed S-100 protein immunoreactivity. The granular cell ameloblastoma was reactive only with antiserum to alpha-1-antitrypsin. Ultrastructurally, granular cells from one of two NGGCT showed a direct evolution from skeletal muscle fibers. It is concluded that the oral NGGCT is a tumor positive for S-100 protein that may arise from muscle or nerve sheath.
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PMID:Oral granular cell tumors: a clinicopathologic and immunocytochemical study. 283 81

We present a case of a congenital angiomatoid malignant fibrous histiocytoma. This rapidly growing lesion, which was located in the subcutis of the left upper arm, was excised at the age of 8 1/2 months. The patient, a girl, was well and free of disease 10 months after surgical removal of the tumor. The tumor appeared grossly encapsulated. The gray-tan tissue contained cystic spaces filled with recent and organizing hemorrhages. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of solid masses of histiocyte- and fibroblast-like cells, inflammatory infiltrate, and multifocal irregular blood-filled spaces, which were predominantly devoid of endothelial cells. The tumor was studied immunohistochemically with antibodies specific for FVIII-related antigen, S-100 protein, epithelial membrane antigen, vimentin, desmin, alpha-1-antitrypsin, muramidase, laminin, and collagen type IV. Ulex europaeus lectin-I was also utilized. These studies, along with our ultrastructural findings, suggest that: (a) the tumor is composed of a mixture of mesenchymal cells; (b) an imperfect angiogenesis may be taking place, resulting in a wide spectrum of vascular structures; and (c) the cell of origin may be a pluripotent mesenchymal cell.
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PMID:Congenital angiomatoid malignant fibrous histiocytoma. A light-microscopic, immunopathologic, and electron-microscopic study. 284 34

The immunohistochemical and electron microscopic characteristics of a vesical carcinoma with a sarcomatous change in a 90-year-old man are described. Keratin was strongly positive in the carcinomatous region and was also identified in the sarcomatous region. CEA was present only in the carcinomatous region. Both the carcinomatous and sarcomatous regions were negative for S 100 protein, myoglobin, lysozyme, and desmin. Electron microscopically, a few tumor cells with tonofilaments were observed in the sarcomatous region. Many tumor cells in the sarcomatous region had no characteristic structures suggestive of epithelial or mesenchymal origin. However, transitional types of tumor cells, between the epithelial cells and the cells with neither epithelial nor mesenchymal differentiation, were noticed. Therefore, this suggested that the sarcomatous region was a site of immature epithelial cell proliferation.
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PMID:[A case of vesical carcinoma with sarcomatous changes--immunohistochemical and electron microscopic observations]. 292 2

Nine granular cell tumours were investigated with poly- or monoclonal antisera to neurone specific enolase (NSE), glial enolase (GE), S 100 protein, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, lysozyme, laminin, neurofilament (NF), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), brain creatine kinase (CK), different cytokeratins (Keratin Dako, PKK1), tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), desmin, myoglobin and leukocyte common antigen (LCA), using immunoperoxidase-methods on formalin fixed paraffin embedded sections. While five tumours from adults show specific cytoplasmic staining for NSE and S 100, three congenital tumours, two from the gingiva and one from palatine, show only a weak reaction for NSE, reflecting a possible origin from mature and immature Schwann cells, respectively. However, one subcutaneous tumour from near the clavicule of a ten year old girl differs from the other eight tumours by its specific cytoplasmic staining for alpha-1-antichymotrypsin only, supporting the view that there are granular cell tumours of histiocytic origin. In addition, the five adult NSE-S100 tumours show strong laminin-immunostaining around the single small or syncytial granular cells, whereas pericellular laminin is not detectable in the histiocytic nor in the three congenital tumours. None of the tumours shows any staining for lysozyme, epithelial, muscular, leukocyte, neurofilament or glial antigens.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical study of granular cell tumours. Demonstration of neurone specific enolase, S 100 protein, laminin and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin. 300 14

Malignant fibrous histiocytomas (MFH) belong to the most frequent soft tissue tumours in adults and have to be discriminated from other tumours with similar morphology. Various tumour markers aid the differential diagnosis. Twenty cases of MFH were studied immunohistochemically using antibodies to vimentin, TPA, desmin, lysozyme, alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, S-100 protein, neurone-specific enolase (NSE), laminin, fibronectin and ferritin. Vimentin and lysozyme were found in the tumour cells of all, alpha 1-antitrypsin of 18, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin of 19, fibronectin of 16 and ferritin of 12 cases. Antibodies of TPA, desmin, S-100 protein, NSE and laminin did not reveal positive immunoreactivity. Exclusion of spindle-cell carcinoma can be made by positive vimentin and negative TPA reactivity, of melanoma by negative S-100 reactivity, and of leio- and rhabdomyosarcoma by lack of desmin immunoreactivity. Schwannomas contain S-100 protein, but lack lysozyme, alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin and fibronectin. Pleomorphic liposarcomas cannot be distinguished from MFH on the basis of immunohistochemical staining. Vimentin, alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin and fibronectin can, therefore, be regarded as useful markers in the differential diagnosis of MFH.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical studies in the differential diagnosis of malignant fibrous histiocytoma]. 302 16

A primary, malignant pleomorphic giant cell tumor of the uterus was studied by light and electron microscopy. The tumor was characterized by spindle cells, plump epithelioid cells, pleomorphic giant cells, osteoclast-like giant cells, and foamy xanthomatous cells. Histochemically, tumor cells did not show either myogenic or epithelial characteristics. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells were devoid of evidence of desmin, cytokeratin, myoglobin, and lysozyme (muramidase), but vimentin was weakly positive, and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin was weakly positive in the cytoplasm of pleomorphic giant cells. Ultrastructurally, tumor cells did not show either myogenic or epithelial features, but they resembled a variant of malignant fibrous histiocytoma. The present case was classified as a storiform-pleomorphic and giant cell type of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the soft tissues. The uterus is considered to be an additional possible site of malignant fibrous histiocytoma.
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PMID:Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the uterus. 303 Sep 5


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