Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

---

Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We examined the stability of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.30), alanine aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.2), alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1), gamma-glutamyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.2), and lysozyme (EC 3.2.1.17) in urine prepared by gel filtration and supplemented with albumin, or ethylene glycol, or ethylene glycol plus albumin during storage at -20 degrees C for a period of 12 months. The stability was assessed by linear regression analysis of monthly values versus time. All enzymes except for gamma-glutamyltransferase could be considered stable for about one year in all three control materials provided that maximum change of 10% of the starting enzyme activity is accepted as tolerable. If ethylene glycol is used as stabilizer, its suitability must be tested and its inhibitory effect on enzyme activities must be taken into account in intermethod comparisons, because in some methods, it may be removed in a pretreatment step.
...
PMID:Quality control material for activity determinations of urinary enzymes. 289 58

We measured the excretion rates of six urinary enzymes that either originate from the proximal renal tubule, like alanine aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.2), alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1), gamma-glutamyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.2), and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.30), or that are typical low-molecular-mass proteins, like lysozyme (EC 3.2.1.17) and pancreatic ribonuclease (EC 3.1.27.5). These rates were compared with those of total protein and albumin in urine of 36 insulin-dependent diabetic men and 30 healthy men. Seventeen of the diabetics had "clinical proteinuria," defined as excretion of more than 7.5 g of protein per mole of urinary creatinine (group B). Group A comprised the 19 diabetics without proteinuria. Except for gamma-glutamyltransferase, the excretions of enzymes and proteins were significantly higher in diabetics than in controls and were greater in group B than in group A. N-Acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase was the analyte most often increased in group A (89%), followed by albumin and alkaline phosphatase (each 32%). All patients in group B showed increased excretion of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase. We conclude from the comparative data that this enzyme may be useful as an early predictor of diabetic nephropathy.
...
PMID:Urinary enzymes and low-molecular-mass proteins as indicators of diabetic nephropathy. 289 6

To examine the effects on protein and electrolyte reabsorption of reducing the energy supply to the proximal tubules, an inhibitor of the citric acid cycle, maleate (600 mg.kg-1), was administered to anesthetized dogs during continuous ethacrynic acid infusion. One hour after infusion, maleate reduced renal oxygen consumption from 128 +/- 3 to 48 +/- 6 mumol.min-1. Comparisons at similar GFR showed that maleate reduced bicarbonate reabsorption by 65%, chloride reabsorption by 60% and phosphate reabsorption by 90%. Tubular reabsorption of lysozyme, determined by the 'trapped-label' method, was reduced by 97%. Total protein excretion in urine increased from 0.12 to 1.0 mg.min-1 and was not associated with a significant increase in brush border and lysosome marker enzymes. However, by superimposing a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, acetazolamide (100 mg.kg-1), electrolyte reabsorption was slightly further reduced but protein excretion increased to 2.7 mg.min-1, coincidentally with a dramatic increase in enzyme excretion: approximately 20-fold in the brush border enzymes, alanine aminopeptidase and alkaline phosphatase, and 10-fold in the lysosomal enzymes, acid phosphatase and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase. Our data indicate that maleate stops protein reabsorption without signs of acute tubular damage, whereas subsequent administration of acetazolamide results in tubular desquamation and albumin leakage.
...
PMID:Effect of maleate on tubular protein reabsorption in dog kidneys. 323 92

Diagnostic features (cytochemistry, immunophenotyping and serum biochemistry) were examined in 51 cases of acute monocytic leukaemia (AMoL). Peroxidase, Sudan black B and alpha naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) cytochemical reactions were unrelated to morphological (FAB groups M5a and M5b) or immunological subtype. ANAE cytochemistry, however, indicated that AMoL cases could be subdivided into those with typical (M-type) reactions and those with insignificant staining or monocytic ANAE isoenzymes (defined by IEF). All cases were phenotypically CD13/CD33 positive and, with one exception, had greater than 30% HLA-DR positive cells. Membrane CD14 expression was insignificant or variable in 33% of M5a cases in contrast to 23/24 M5b cases which showed high proportions of CD14-staining cells with at least two monoclonal antibodies. Serum lysozyme, LDH and beta-2 microglobulin (beta 2m) were increased in 88%, 68% and 81% of cases respectively but, with the exception of statistically higher lysozyme levels in CD14+ cases, were unrelated to the morphological, cytochemical or immunological diagnostic subgroups. Clinical and diagnostic features were also examined as possible prognostic indicators. The morphological, cytochemical and immunological subgroups of AMoL were not found to be of prognostic relevance but age (P = 0.004), renal failure (P = 0.005) and serum beta 2m levels (P = 0.002) were related to patient survival. Moreover, renal failure and serum beta 2m remained significant (P = 0.012 respectively) when age was taken into account and were shown to be independent prognostic variables.
...
PMID:Diagnostic and prognostic factors in acute monocytic leukaemia: an analysis of 51 cases. 329 31

Catalytic activity of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, alanine aminopeptidase, lactate dehydrogenase, isoenzyme 1 of lactate dehydrogenase, lysozyme, gamma-glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase in urine specimens collected between 6 a.m. and 9 a.m. were determined in 25 patients with acute renal failure. We found no statistical differences (Wilcoxon's t test) between specimens collected at 6 a.m. and 9 a.m. We conclude that, in renal patients, the first morning specimen (overnight urine) may be used for enzyme analysis.
...
PMID:Specimen collection time for enzyme analysis in urine. 400 32

The alanine aminopeptidase as membrane enzyme, lysozyme as microprotein and beta-glucuronidase as lysosomal enzyme proved as a favourable enzyme combination. Analogically to internal renal diseases typical constellations and courses, respectively, may be differed in a transplant healing without complication, in reversible and irreversible rejection. In a transplant not functioning an enzyme pattern is to be expected as in tubular atrophy (Fanconi's syndrome and so on).
...
PMID:[Urinary enzymes in monitoring kidney transplant patients]. 610 13

Early signs of aminoglycoside - induced renal tubular damage were detected in 26 patients given gentamicin and 23 given sisomicin. The urinary elimination of 3 low molecular weight proteins (LMWP) - beta 2 microglobulin, retinol binding protein and lysozyme (LZM), and the urinary activity of 2 enzymes - alanine aminopeptidase and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase - was measured before, during and after treatment. In gentamicin - treated patients LMWP elimination increased, especially LZM which rose markedly during treatment and returned to normal values after its end. Enzyme activities also rose while gentamicin was being given. Sisomicin produced smaller changes. As neither the mean serum creatinine nor the mean urinary elimination of transferrin were increased, glomerular function was probably not affected. However, tubular damage was detected, as shown by the LMWP output (especially LZM) and increased enzyme activity. Urinary LMWP and enzyme measurements are presented as sensitive and reliable methods to monitor early aminoglycoside - induced tubular impairment. It is suggested that the different renal toxicities of gentamicin and sisomicin are related to differences in their accumulation in the renal cortex.
...
PMID:Gentamicin and sisomicin - induced renal tubular damage. 612 32

In a survey the present possibilities are outlined to get knowledge about diseases of inner organs with the help of enzyme determinations in the urine. Here it is remarkable that changes of the enzyme excretion appear not only in renal disease with acute renal failure, pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, renal infarction and nephroptosis but are also to be observed in primarily extrarenal diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, thesaurismoses, myocardial infarction, hypertension, acute pancreatitis, epidemic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, obstructive jaundice and rheumatoid arthritis. The causes of the changes of enzyme excretions are various. Since enzymes of different origin and localisation behave themselves variably, the simultaneous determination of a brush border marker (e.g. alanine aminopeptidase), a lysosomal enzyme (e.g. beta-glucuronidase or N-acetyl glucosaminidase) and a low molecular enzyme (e.g. lysozyme) is of use for the recognition of renal alterations. By the control of activities of urinary enzymes it is possible to get without risk informations about pathobiochemical processes in the kidney which are not to be gained by means of other methods.
...
PMID:[Urinary enzyme excretion in diseases of the internal organs]. 636 87

Fifteen various serum and urine parameters were evaluated as indicators of renal alterations induced by lead in 82 male workers of a battery plant chronically exposed to lead (median of blood lead concentration: 2.03 mumol/l). The control group comprised 44 non-exposed healthy volunteers (0.34 mumol/l). High-molecular-mass proteins (transferrin, immunoglobulin G (IgG), (albumin)) were determined in urine as markers of glomerular integrity; low-molecular-weight proteins and parenchymal enzymes (alpha 1-microglobulin, beta 2-microglobulin, retinol-binding protein, lysozyme, ribonuclease, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), alanine aminopeptidase (AAP), alkaline phosphatase (AP), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT)) as indicators of changes in the proximal tubule; Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein and kallikrein as markers of the distal tubule. There was a positive correlation between tubular indicators and blood lead concentration as well as the erythrocyte protoporphyrin (EPP). About 30% of the lead-exposed workers showed an increased excretion of alpha 1-microglobulin, NAG, ribonuclease, and/or Tamm-Horsfall protein, whereas the glomerular indicators remained unchanged. The combined determination of NAG and alpha 1-microglobulin in urine could be helpful in the early detection of lead-induced changes in the nephron.
...
PMID:Changed excretion of urinary proteins and enzymes by chronic exposure to lead. 752 73

The diagnosis of primitive hematologic malignancies in extramedullary sites (lymphoblastic lymphoma of T- or B-cell type and myeloid sarcoma) on paraffin-embedded tissue sections is difficult and often impossible because of the primitive morphology of the neoplastic cells. The authors studied 21 extramedullary tumors of lymphoid or myeloid blasts. They used a panel of 22 antibodies on frozen sections and 9 antibodies on paraffin sections to determine the spectrum of immunophenotypes and to develop a practical panel for diagnosis. All but two of the cases could be classified as lymphoid or myeloid using immunohistologic analysis. Thirteen cases were classified as lymphoblastic lymphoma/acute lymphoblastic leukemia (LBL/ALL); 10 were classified as precursor T (CD7+, CD3+/-, CD45+) and 3 as precursor B-cell (CD19+/-CD10+CD45-) type. Five cases were classified as myeloid sarcoma (CD13+ myeloperoxidase+, lysozyme+). Two LBL/ALL coexpressed either CD33 (1 case) or CD15 (1 case), and one myeloid sarcoma coexpressed TdT and CD7. One case appeared to be truly mixed lineage, coexpressing CD3 with myeloperoxidase and lysozyme, and two cases expressed no lineage-specific antigens. There were clinical differences between the three major tumor types, and within the category of T-precursor LBL/ALL, classification according to stage of thymocyte differentiation was associated with distinctive clinical features. In conclusion, the spectrum of immunophenotypes detected on frozen section was similar to that reported by flow cytometry on peripheral blood and bone marrow specimens. The most useful antigens on frozen sections were CD7 and CD3 (T cell), CD10 and CD19 (B cell), and CD13 (myeloid). TdT was coexpressed by one myeloid sarcoma and was undetectable in 40% of LBL/ALL. On paraffin sections, myeloperoxidase and lysozyme were reliable markers of myeloid lineage, but none of the markers used on paraffin sections distinguished between LBL/ALL of T- and B-precursor types. Both B-LBL/ALL and myeloid sarcomas were often CD45- on paraffin sections, which may be a obstacle in determining the diagnosis. These distinctions appear to have clinical relevance.
...
PMID:Extramedullary tumors of lymphoid or myeloid blasts. The role of immunohistology in diagnosis and classification. 757 94


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 Next >>

---