Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
 21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Vitamin A has profound effects on cell biology, morphology and function of excretory cells. In the present study we investigated the effect of supplementation with beta-carotene (provitamin A) on the secretion of salivary glycoproteins and some antibacterial components. Eighty-nine men, drawn from a larger double-blind pilot study among Finnish men of a high socio-economic standard, participated in this study which lasted for 60 days. The men were allocated either to beta-carotene supplementation of 20 mg a day or to placebo treatment. At the end of the study samples of stimulated whole and parotid saliva were collected and examined for total protein as well as hexosamine, sialic acid, thiocyanate and the activity of salivary peroxidase. The secretion rate of whole saliva was calculated and the activities of lysozyme, a bacteria aggregating glycoprotein (BAGP) and secretory IgA were measured in parotid saliva. Significantly higher levels of beta-carotene, but not retinol, were found in serum and whole saliva in the beta-carotene group compared to the placebo group. Retinol or beta-carotene could not be detected in parotid saliva. No difference was found either in saliva secretion rate or in the composition of whole or parotid saliva between the beta-carotene and the placebo group.
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PMID:Saliva concentrations of some selected proteins and glycoprotein markers in man after supplementary intake of beta-carotene. 317 89

12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), phorbol 12,13-diacetate and phorbol 12,13-didecanoate were all potent inducers of thromboplastin activity in human monocytes in vitro, whereas 4 alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate and 4 alpha-phorbol had no such effect. A concomitant increase in titrable apoprotein III antigen was found (apoprotein III is the protein component of thromboplastin). The increase was inhibited by cycloheximide and actinomycin D and partly by alpha-amanitin. The increase of thromboplastin activity was therefore most likely due to synthesis de novo of apoprotein III. The response was approximately halved in the absence of serum or Ca2+. Retinol had a weak inhibitory effect, and retinoic acid was inhibitory only at concentrations that also induced signs of cytotoxicity. TPA caused an initial rise in monocyte cyclic AMP concentration of about 90-120 min duration. No increase in 45Ca2+ influx was induced over 2 h. Good correlation exists between induction of apoprotein III synthesis in monocytes in vitro and mouse skin-tumour promotion in vivo by the various phorbol derivatives. Substances inactive in tumour promotion do not induce the synthesis of apoprotein III. General activating and cytotoxic effects of TPA were monitored by determining release of lysozyme, beta-glucuronidase and lactate dehydrogenase.
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PMID:Phorbol esters induce synthesis of thromboplastin activity in human monocytes. 627 36

Retinoic acid induced lysozyme activity in mouse myeloid leukemia M1 cells. It also stimulated the synthesis and release of prostaglandins such as prostaglandin F2alpha, E2, and D2 by the cells. The particulate fraction of retinoic acid-treated M1 cells converted arachidonate to prostaglandins, and this conversion was almost completely inhibited by indomethacin. Retinol, retinal and retinyl acetate, but not the pyridyl analog of retinoic acid, also induced lysozyme activity and stimulated synthesis and release of prostaglandins. Indomethacin inhibited the induction of lysozyme activity by retinoic acid. The induction of lysozyme activity and the stimulation of prostaglandin E2 production were dependent on the concentration of retinoic acid. Kinetic studies showed that stimulation of prostaglandin E2 production by retinoic acid was followed by induction of lysozyme activity. The tumor promotor 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and phorbol 12,13-didecanoate inhibited the induction of lysozyme activity by retinoic acid, but 4 alpha-phorbol didecanoate and phorbol did not. TPA and phorbol 12, 13-didecanoate, but not 4 alpha -phorbol didecanoate, also inhibited the stimulation of prostaglandin E2 production by retinoic acid. These results suggest that stimulation by retinoic acid of prostaglandin E2 production in M1 cells is a prerequisite for the induction of lysozyme activity. On the other hand, both retinoic acid and TPA inhibited the induction by dexamethasone of phagocytic activity, which is a typical functional marker of differentiation of M1 cells, without causing significant growth inhibition. Suboptimal concentrations of retinoic acid and TPA had synergistic inhibitory effects on the induction of phagocytic activity of M1 cells by dexamethasone.
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PMID:Stimulation by retinoic acid of prostaglandin production and its inhibition by tumor promoters in mouse myeloid leukemia cells. 694 53

The study was carried out in 5 farms on 174 pregnant heifers. Clinical examination of the udder and bacteriological tests of quarter secretion were performed between the 8th and 3rd week before parturition, and then the animals were divided into a control group (64 heifers) and 3 experimental groups and immediately treated. A group of 32 experimental heifers was injected once with antioxidants (Vitamin A--600,000 i.u.; Vitamin D3--200,000 i.u.; Vitamin E--1.5 mg/kg b.w., Selenium--0.022 mg/kg b.w., i.m.). The next group (26 heads) was intramammary infused with antibiotic DC product (cloxacillin). Heifers from last experimental group (52) were injected with lysosyme dimer in a single dose of 0.02 mg/kg b.w. Clinical and bacteriological examinations were made during the first week after calving. The presence of bacteria was found in secretion of 22.6-38.9% udder quarters in 56.2-71.2% of pregnant heifers. The number of infected quarters (cows) did not change distinctly in the first week after calving except the lysozyme dimer group, where a decrease by 30% was noted. The percentage of quarters with elevated somatic cell count was higher in antibiotic DC group and closely similar in the other groups. None of examined methods showed an acceptable prophylactic effect. Clinical mastitis cases during first week after parturition were mostly caused by Escherichia coli, Staph. chromogenes, Staph. simulans, Staph. aureus, Staph. hyicus, Str. uberis, Str. acidominimus and Enterococcus faecalis.
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PMID:Field trials on the prophylaxis of intramammary infections in pregnant heifers. 1281 82

The purpose of the trial was to establish the effect of the injection of the lysozyme dimer or vitamins connected with Se on the activity of chosen antioxidant enzymes and the total antioxidant status in pregnant heifers. Examinations were carried out during winter season in one farm on 21 heifers aged 22-24 months. Between the 21st and 14st day before expected parturition, seven heifers were once i.m. injected with antioxidants (Vitamin A-600 000 i.u.; Vitamin D3-200 000 i.u.; Vitamin E-1.5 mg/kg b.w., Selenium-0.022 mg/kg b.w.), and the next seven animals with lysozyme dimer (Lydium-KLP) at a dose of 0.02 mg/kg b.w. versus 7 non-treated control animals. Blood samples were taken before injection and then in hour 24 and 72 after injection, and between, the 7th and 14th day after calving. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSHpx), glutathione reductase (GSHred) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured by colorimetric method with the use of Randox kits. The mean value of SOD activity 21-14 days before expected calving was 704.8 +/- 294.6 U/ml of whole blood, GSHpx 59222 +/- 23699 U/l of whole blood, GSHred 110.8 +/- 22.5 U/l and TAS 0.33 +/- 0.15 mmol/l of serum. These indicators did not change in the control group with the exception of a statistically insignificant decrease in SOD activity after parturition. Statistically significant increase in blood SOD activity was noted only in the first day after injection of vitamins combined with selenium. These antioxidants also caused an insignificant increase in blood GSHpx activity in 72 hour following the injection, and in the second week after calving (statistically significant). The injection of antioxidants or lysozyme dimer did not change the activity of blood GSHred. However, an increase in the TAS was found in hour 24 (non significant) and 72 (statistically significant) following the single injection of lysozyme dimer.
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PMID:The effect of some drugs injection to pregnant heifers on blood antioxidant status. 1523 May 38

Composition, nutritional value and sensory characteristics of donkey milk of Indian small grey breed was analysed using AOAC and other standard methods. Fresh donkey milk had 90.63% (w.b.) moisture content, 0.76% fat, 1.96% protein, 6.30% lactose, 0.40% ash. Particle size of donkey milk was 355.00 d.nm. The UHPLC analysis ascertained that lysozyme content was more in donkey milk sample. The ICPMS confirmed that Ca, K, Mg, Na, vitamin C and E, glutamic acid, leucine, proline were the most abundant in donkey milk, but Fe, Zn, Vitamin A and B1, methionine shown lower amount. The GC analysis determined that butyric acid, lauric acid was more and lower amount of unsaturated fatty acids were observed in donkey milk sample. Finally, the TPC, yeast and mould count were acceptable and confirmed that donkey milk is microbiologically safe and sensory evaluation studies of donkey milk confirmed that the desired sensory attributes.
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PMID:Physico-chemical composition, minerals, vitamins, amino acids, fatty acid profile and sensory evaluation of donkey milk from Indian small grey breed. 3262 2