Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
 21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. The sequence of renal cellular membrane damage induced by gentamicin was studied in the rat by using the release of alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, muramidase and protein from renal cells as indices of renal damage. 2. The protective effect of a combination of vitamin E and selenium against renal damage was also investigated. 3. Gentamicin (60 mg kg-1 body weight) was nephrotoxic within 12 h of the first dose. 4. The plasma membrane of the renal tubules is damaged before the lysosomal membrane is affected. 5. A combination of vitamin E (1 mg g-1 body weight) and selenium (4 x 10(-3) mg g-1 body weight) attenuates the renal damage induced by gentamicin. Results suggest synergism between vitamin E and selenium in attenuating the renal damage. The possible mechanism of attenuation is discussed. 6. Vitamin E and selenium may have anti-diuretic potential.
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PMID:Vitamin E and selenium in gentamicin nephrotoxicity. 226 Dec 41

The examination of patients with bronchial asthma has established that vitamin E supplemented to their multimodality therapy produces an immunological effect. The decreased functional activity of T lymphocytes increases and their levels elevate in their peripheral blood. There was also an increase in the blood levels of B cells, by elevating the count of mature B lymphocytes and reducing that of immature B cells. Vitamin E enhances the phagocytic activity of peripheral granulocytes whereas the serum activity of lysozyme and complement declines.
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PMID:[Vitamin E: immunocorrecting effect in bronchial asthma patients]. 857 84

The study was carried out in 5 farms on 174 pregnant heifers. Clinical examination of the udder and bacteriological tests of quarter secretion were performed between the 8th and 3rd week before parturition, and then the animals were divided into a control group (64 heifers) and 3 experimental groups and immediately treated. A group of 32 experimental heifers was injected once with antioxidants (Vitamin A--600,000 i.u.; Vitamin D3--200,000 i.u.; Vitamin E--1.5 mg/kg b.w., Selenium--0.022 mg/kg b.w., i.m.). The next group (26 heads) was intramammary infused with antibiotic DC product (cloxacillin). Heifers from last experimental group (52) were injected with lysosyme dimer in a single dose of 0.02 mg/kg b.w. Clinical and bacteriological examinations were made during the first week after calving. The presence of bacteria was found in secretion of 22.6-38.9% udder quarters in 56.2-71.2% of pregnant heifers. The number of infected quarters (cows) did not change distinctly in the first week after calving except the lysozyme dimer group, where a decrease by 30% was noted. The percentage of quarters with elevated somatic cell count was higher in antibiotic DC group and closely similar in the other groups. None of examined methods showed an acceptable prophylactic effect. Clinical mastitis cases during first week after parturition were mostly caused by Escherichia coli, Staph. chromogenes, Staph. simulans, Staph. aureus, Staph. hyicus, Str. uberis, Str. acidominimus and Enterococcus faecalis.
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PMID:Field trials on the prophylaxis of intramammary infections in pregnant heifers. 1281 82

The purpose of the trial was to establish the effect of the injection of the lysozyme dimer or vitamins connected with Se on the activity of chosen antioxidant enzymes and the total antioxidant status in pregnant heifers. Examinations were carried out during winter season in one farm on 21 heifers aged 22-24 months. Between the 21st and 14st day before expected parturition, seven heifers were once i.m. injected with antioxidants (Vitamin A-600 000 i.u.; Vitamin D3-200 000 i.u.; Vitamin E-1.5 mg/kg b.w., Selenium-0.022 mg/kg b.w.), and the next seven animals with lysozyme dimer (Lydium-KLP) at a dose of 0.02 mg/kg b.w. versus 7 non-treated control animals. Blood samples were taken before injection and then in hour 24 and 72 after injection, and between, the 7th and 14th day after calving. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSHpx), glutathione reductase (GSHred) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured by colorimetric method with the use of Randox kits. The mean value of SOD activity 21-14 days before expected calving was 704.8 +/- 294.6 U/ml of whole blood, GSHpx 59222 +/- 23699 U/l of whole blood, GSHred 110.8 +/- 22.5 U/l and TAS 0.33 +/- 0.15 mmol/l of serum. These indicators did not change in the control group with the exception of a statistically insignificant decrease in SOD activity after parturition. Statistically significant increase in blood SOD activity was noted only in the first day after injection of vitamins combined with selenium. These antioxidants also caused an insignificant increase in blood GSHpx activity in 72 hour following the injection, and in the second week after calving (statistically significant). The injection of antioxidants or lysozyme dimer did not change the activity of blood GSHred. However, an increase in the TAS was found in hour 24 (non significant) and 72 (statistically significant) following the single injection of lysozyme dimer.
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PMID:The effect of some drugs injection to pregnant heifers on blood antioxidant status. 1523 May 38

The objectives were to: (i) determine the effect of prepartum supplementation of Vitamin E (Vit E) and selenium (Se) on plasma cortisol, erythrocyte peroxidation and the incidence of retained fetal membranes (RFM); (ii) estimate myeloperoxidase (MPO), lysozyme, elastase, and acid phosphatase (ACP) enzyme activities in the cotyledons of cows with or without RFM; and (iii) determine the molecular weight (SDS-PAGE) of proteins present in the cotyledons of cows with or without RFM. Fifty dairy (Friesian x Sahiwal) cows were equally allocated to one of two treatments, given as an im injection 3 week before calving: 1100 IU of DL alpha-tocopherol acetate (Vit E) and 30 mg of sodium selenite (Se), or saline (control). Concentrations of plasma cortisol (20 cows) were determined on days 21, 7, 3, 2, 1, and 0 prepartum, and erythrocyte lipid peroxide (all cows) was determined on days 21 and 7 prepartum. Treatment with Vit E and Se did not affect (P = 0.23) the incidence of RFM (12% versus 0%, respectively) but decreased (P < 0.05) erythrocyte lipid peroxide concentrations on day 7 prepartum compared with day 21 prepartum. Plasma cortisol concentration increased (P < 0.05) from day 21 prepartum to the day of parturition in Vit E+Se and control cows. However, on day 0, plasma cortisol concentrations were lower (P<0.05) in cows given Vit E+Se than in control cows (with or without RFM). To investigate enzyme activity and peptides in cotyledons, cotyledons were collected (from cows that were not part of the principal experiment), homogenised with PBS, and the supernatant used for the estimation of cationic peptides. Cotyledons of cows with RFM (n = 8) had lower (P < 0.01) MPO and greater (P < 0.05) lysozyme and ACP enzyme activities than those from non-RFM cows (n = 6). A band at <10 kDa in the SDS-PAGE indicated the presence of cationic peptides. In conclusion, a single treatment of Vit E and Se at 3-week prepartum reduced concentrations of plasma cortisol and erythrocyte peroxide. Altered enzyme activities in the fetal membranes indicated the involvement of leukocytes and trauma at the fetomaternal junction and warrant further investigation.
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PMID:Effect of Vitamin E and selenium supplementation on concentrations of plasma cortisol and erythrocyte lipid peroxides and the incidence of retained fetal membranes in crossbred dairy cattle. 1613 4

Horses have an increased susceptibility to infection because of a decline in immune function with advancing age. Vitamin E has been found to play a key role in normal immune system function. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of vitamin E supplementation on immune function and response to vaccination in older horses. Predominantly older horses (18.9 +/- 1.3 yr, range 7 to 26 yr; 523 +/- 38 kg of BW) were supplemented orally once daily for 16 wk with either all-rac-alpha-tocopheryl acetate (15 IU/kg of BW; n = 8) or a placebo (n = 8). One horse from each group was removed from the study for reasons not related to the study. Serum alpha-tocopherol concentration, neutrophil and monocyte bacterial killing ability, lysozyme activity, immunoglobulin concentration (IgG(a), IgG(b), IgG(T), and IgM), and neutralizing antibody production to West Nile virus vaccination were determined. The overall serum alpha-tocopherol concentration of the vitamin E-supplemented horses was greater than that of placebo-supplemented horses (P < 0.001). Bacterial killing capacity of monocytes and neutrophils increased in the vitamin E-supplemented horses (P < 0.05). Vitamin E-supplemented horses had greater serum IgG(a) (P < 0.001) and IgG(T) (P = 0.003) concentrations but produced less serum IgG(b) (P = 0.023) than placebo-supplemented horses. There was no effect of vitamin E supplementation on IgM production. The neutralizing antibody response to vaccination against West Nile virus was unaffected by vitamin E supplementation. There was a continuous increase in serum lysozyme concentration in placebo-supplemented horses, whereas serum lysozyme concentration did not increase until wk 12 in vitamin E-supplemented horses. In conclusion, vitamin E supplementation of predominantly older horses differentially modulated general cell-mediated and humoral immune function. Further research is needed to fully understand the effect of vitamin E on the immune function of horses.
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PMID:The influence of vitamin E on immune function and response to vaccination in older horses. 2049 23