Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Six cases of diffuse large cell lymphoma (DLCL) of the liver were studied with immunohistochemistry for common leukocyte antigen (CLA), lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), and kappa and lambda light chains on paraffin-embedded tissues. All six cases were positive for CLA. Four of the six cases showed staining for lysozyme and AAT (three focal and one diffuse staining). In three cases, frozen tissue for monoclonal antibodies and glutaraldehyde-fixed tissue for electron microscopic examination were available. Two of these showed B-cell phenotypes with monoclonal antibody studies. Electron microscopic examination on these two B-cell lymphomas showed scant cytoplasm and a paucity of cytoplasmic organelles. The third case did not show definite B- or T-cell surface markers but did show strong Leu-M1 and OKM1 staining. Electron microscopic examination of the tumor cells showed a prominent Golgi apparatus, abundant cytoplasm with numerous cytoplasmic organelles and phagolysosomes. However, DNA hybridization studies on this tumor showed immunoglobulin heavy and kappa light chain gene rearrangements typical of a B-cell lymphoma. All six lymphomas were solitary liver masses without evidence of disease elsewhere. The mean age for the six patients was 56.2 years (four males, two females).
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PMID:Primary lymphomas of the liver. Report of six cases and review of the literature. 295 12

The morphologic differentiation between malignant lymphoma of the small noncleaved cell (SNC) type and lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) is at times difficult, particularly when fresh tissue is not available for immunologic studies. We have examined the reactivities of a panel of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, including LN-1, LN-2, and antibodies to immunoglobulin light chains, leukocyte common antigen (LCA), Leu-M1, vimentin, S-100 protein, lysozyme, and alpha-1-antitrypsin, in paraffin-embedded, B5- and formalin-fixed tissue involved by SNC or LBL. The immunophenotypes in all of the cases included in this study had been characterized previously in fresh-frozen sections or cell suspensions. Among 21 samples of B5-fixed SNC, LN-1 was reactive in 17 and LN-2 in 18 cases. Among 13 B5-fixed LBL, LN-1 was reactive in two cases and LN-2 was reactive in two cases. Each of 20 B5-fixed samples of SNC was reactive with at least one of the antibodies, whereas 10 of the 13 B5-fixed samples of LBL were negative for both antibodies. Lesser reactivity was evident in formalin-fixed tissues, with only nine of 27 SNC specimens positive for LN-1 and 16 of 27 positive for LN-2. Most or all of the SNC and LBL samples were negative for immunoglobulin light chains, Leu-M1, vimentin, S-100 protein, lysozyme, and alpha-1-antitrypsin. The majority of both SNC and LBL were positive for LCA. We conclude that LN-1, preferably in combination with LN-2, can be used for distinguishing between SNC and LBL in paraffin-embedded, B5-fixed tissue when fresh tissue is not available.
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PMID:Distinction between undifferentiated (small noncleaved) and lymphoblastic lymphoma. An immunohistologic study on paraffin-embedded, fixed tissue sections. 295 66

Extramedullary tissue infiltrates of acute myeloid leukemia are rare and often difficult to recognize in routine paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Since appropriate therapy for these tumors depends on their precise identification, we have studied a series of tissues infiltrated with primitive myeloid cells using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies capable of labeling cells of the myeloid/monocytic system in paraffin-embedded tissue sections. The current retrospective study involved tissues from 15 patients (eight men and seven women) with a mean age of 51 years (range, 23-77). A diagnosis of extramedullary myeloid cell tumors had been made on the basis of routine histology, chloroacetate esterase cytochemical stain, and--in some cases--electron microscopy. Paraffin-embedded tissue sections were cut and stained employing the alkaline phosphatase antialkaline phosphatase (APAAP) immunocytochemical procedure with monoclonal antibodies against leukocyte-common antigen (PD7/26-2B11), restricted components of the leukocyte-common antigen (UCHL1, 4KB5), granulocytes (Mac-387, Leu-M1), leukocytes (MT1, MT2, LN1, LN2), HLA-DR (LN3), and elastase (NP57), as well as polyclonal antibodies against lactoferrin, lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin. Results indicate that antibodies against Mac-387, elastase, and lysozyme are most useful in the recognition of neoplastic myeloid cells. We conclude that tissues containing granulocytic tumors can be identified in paraffin-embedded tissue sections using a panel of antibodies and the APAAP procedure.
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PMID:The immunophenotyping of extramedullary myeloid cell tumors in paraffin-embedded tissue sections. 297 Aug 8

In this study the immunohistochemical analysis of distinct morphologic variants of benign fibrous histiocytoma (BFH) of the skin was performed with immunoperoxidase technique for both lysozyme and alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT). Thirty cases including cellular, fibrous and xanthomatous variants of BFH were selected. Out of the total 6 cases (20%) showed positive staining only for A1AT, 3 cases (10%) only for lysozyme and 10 (33.3%) for both markers. Thus, 19 cases (63.3%) showed positive staining for one of both markers. Positive staining was higher in the cellular variant than the fibrous and xanthomatous types. Negative staining of tumors of definite histiocytic morphology may be interpreted as a variable enzymatic expression of different histiocytic activation and/or undetectable enzymatic content by the current techniques. These results are in accordance with our previous evolutional hypothesis of BFH which considered the cellular tumors as functionally more active variants evolving to less cellular, more fibrous and less active types. Current histogenetic concepts about this controversial group of skin neoplasms are discussed.
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PMID:Benign fibrous histiocytoma of the skin. An immunohistochemical analysis of 30 cases. 300 79

We report here three cases of breast cancer with reactive multinucleated giant cells. The patients were among the 605 patients with breast cancer seen in the past 17 years at Tenri Hospital; the incidence of this variety of breast cancer was 0.5%. Enzyme histochemical and electron microscopic examination suggested that the giant cells were of histiocytic origin. However, results of immunohistochemical technique, S-100 protein, lysozyme, nonspecific cross-reacting antigen with carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, all currently used as markers of histiocytes, were negative. Because of the rarity of this variety of breast cancer, the biological significance of these unusual findings remains unknown.
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PMID:Breast cancer with reactive multinucleated giant cells: report of three cases. 301 34

183 cases of soft tissue tumors were studied utilizing the immunoperoxidase technique to demonstrate alpha-1-antitrypsin, ferritin and lysozyme. The series comprises 50 malignant lesions, 34 intermediate malignancy lesions, 99 benign lesions of fibrohistiocytic origin, and 23 malignant tumors of non fibrohistiocytic origin. The actual results of the study are as follows: alpha-1-antitrypsin, ferritin and lysozyme were always absent in 10 fibrosarcomas, 2 liposarcomas, 2 Ewing sarcomas, 3 synovial sarcomas, 4 neurofibrosarcomas, and 2 rhabdomyosarcomas, but in 24 malignant fibrous histiocytomas, 34 cases of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans and 102 benign fibrohistiocytic lesions, these activities were present in a percentage that ranged between 12% and 38% (average 25%). Differences in the frequency of positive reactions did not occur between benign and malignant fibrohistiocytic lesions. The immunohistological examinations carried out have, therefore, only a very limited value for the practical diagnostic evaluation, but, when positive, are important to clarify the histogenesis of the tumor.
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PMID:Fibrohistiocytic tumors of soft tissues. An immunohistochemical study of 183 cases. 303 35

An uncommon primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of the pleura is described. At light microscopy the tumor was characterized by a 'storiform' pattern of growth, with numerous multinucleated giant cells. Immunohistochemistry showed an intense, diffuse immunostaining for alpha-1-antitrypsin, focal for lysozyme. Ultrastructurally, histiocyte- and fibroblast-like cells and cells with intermediate features were present; moreover, it was possible to demonstrate the presence of mesenchymal 'stem' cells. Findings are discussed, also with respect to histogenesis of MFH.
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PMID:Primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the pleura. A case report. 303 87

An 18-year-old woman had a 3-month history of increasing proptosis and visual loss secondary to an inferior orbital mass. Surgical exploration revealed an encapsulated mass in the orbit. After this mass was excised good vision was restored. The diagnosis of granular cell tumor was made as a result of various microscopic studies. The location of the tumor within the orbit is unusual and its histologic origin is uncertain. Immunohistochemistry by peroxidase-antiperoxidase method revealed that this tumor had S-100-protein-positive cells and negative results for lysozyme and alpha-1-antitrypsin. This fact suggests that the origin of the granular cell tumor may be due to the Schwann cell.
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PMID:Granular cell tumor of the orbit. 303 88

A retrospective study of 76 primary gastrointestinal lymphomas utilizing an avidin: biotinylated horseradish peroxidase complex (ABC) technique demonstrated 22 B-cell lymphomas, including two associated with alpha-heavy chain disease. Seven cases were classified as true histiocytic lymphomas based on a positive reaction for one or more of three histiocytic enzyme markers utilized, predominantly alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin. However, in 20 cases, an intense admixture of reactive histiocytes was noted and these cells stained preferentially for the enzyme, lysozyme. Twenty cases, which stained for both kappa and lambda light chains and positively or negatively for albumin, could not be classified and 27 cases failed to stain with any of the antisera utilized.
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PMID:Immunohistochemistry of primary gastrointestinal lymphomas: a study of 76 cases. 308 8

The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein, fibronectin (FN), factor VIII-related antigen (FVIII/RAG), and of three monohistiocytic markers, lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin was examined in five gliosarcomas (GS) by peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunostaining of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded specimens, and compared with vascular changes in 16 glioblastomas (GB). In contrast to GB, endothelial proliferations of GS were sheathed by sarcomatous tissue (perivascular sarcoma), which was contiguous with fibrosarcomatous areas. Cells with conspicuous intracytoplasmic FN content (FN+ cells) were seen in the vascular stroma of GB and dominated in the sarcomatous parts of GS. Most FN+ cells of GS were of varying size and shape and clearly neoplastic. Monohistiocytic markers were demonstrable in small infiltrating mononuclear cells as well as in many sarcomatous cells including FN+ cells. FVIII/RAG was restricted to lumen-lining endothelium and was not found in sarcomatous cells. These results suggest that a major part of sarcoma in GS is less likely to develop from proliferated endothelial cells than from histiocytic cells in the perivascular spaces of GB. By FN mediation, histiocytic cells might also guide and promote sarcomatous proliferations of other mesenchymal cells, leading to fibrosarcomatous development. Prominent monstrous giant cells of one GS seemed to be degenerating glioma cells.
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PMID:Contribution of histiocytic cells to sarcomatous development of the gliosarcoma. An immunohistochemical study. 311 Nov 62


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