Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

---

Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To provide baseline information on the immunoarchitecture of normal bone marrow, we studied cryostat-cut, frozen, and paraffin-embedded, fixed tissue sections prepared from 21 core biopsies of normal bone marrow obtained during bone marrow harvests for transplantation. A large panel of antibodies was applied that included, for frozen tissue, Leu-6 (CD1), T11 (CD2), Leu-3a (CD4), Leu-1 (CD5), Leu-2a (CD8), J5 (CD10), My7 (CD13), Leu-11 (CD16), B4 (CD19), B1 (CD20), B2 (CD21), Tac (CD25), My9 (CD33), T200 (CD45), NKH-1 (CD56), kappa and lambda chains, beta F1, Ki-67, HLA-DR, TQ1, and keratin, and for fixed tissue, leukocyte common antigen (CD45), L26 (CD20), LN1 (CDw75), LN2 (CD74), LN3, LN4, LN5, MB1 (CD45R), MB2, MT1 (CD43), MT2 (CD45R), UCHL1 (CD45R0), BM1, Ki-1 (CD30), Leu-M1 (CD15), lysozyme, KP1 (CD68), actin, S100, neuron-specific enolase, vimentin, and keratin. On fresh-frozen sections CD19 and CD2 were the most reliable and sensitive markers for B and T cells, staining 5% and 9% of marrow cells, respectively. Immunoglobulins generally showed heavy background staining, which frequently precluded an accurate assessment. The CD4 to CD8 ratio in the bone marrow was reversed from that of peripheral blood. On fixed tissues, leukocyte common antigen was found in 14% of the marrow cells, corresponding roughly to the lymphocyte population. L26, a pan-B-cell marker, stained 3% of the marrow cells. Among the other B-cell markers, LN1 and MB2 stained a large number of cells (40% to 70%), indicating reactivity with cells of the myeloid or erythroid series in addition to lymphocytes. Among the T-cell markers, UCHL1 and MT1 stained 66% and 50% of the cells, respectively, which could be explained by their cross-reactivity with myeloid cells. Nonspecific myelomonocytic markers (Leu-M1, KP1, and lysozyme) also showed reactivity in a high percentage of cells. No particular architectural distribution patterns of B or T lymphocytes were noted in either frozen or fixed bone marrow specimens. The results of this study provide normal baseline data for the immunohistologic application of hematopoietic and lymphoid markers on frozen or fixed bone marrow biopsy specimens.
...
PMID:Immunoarchitecture of normal human bone marrow: a study of frozen and fixed tissue sections. 159 93

The term "plasmacytoid T-zone cells" has been used to describe distinctive cells that occur in clusters in the paracortex of some reactive lymph nodes. Recently, tumorous proliferations of these cells have been described in several patients with myelomonocytic leukemias. Neither the nature of these cells nor their relationship to myeloid leukemia has been conclusively established. We report the case of a 64-year-old woman with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia who developed lymphadenopathy that proved to be due to tumorous accumulation of plasmacytoid T-zone cells in the interfollicular regions of the lymph nodes. She underwent splenectomy because of symptomatic splenomegaly; the resected spleen also contained aggregates of plasmacytoid T-zone cells, in addition to extramedullary hematopoiesis. On treatment with busulphan and prednisone, the lymphadenopathy resolved and did not recur. The patient died 7 years later with blast transformation of her myelomonocytic leukemia and no recurrence of lymphadenopathy. The aggregates of plasmacytoid T-zone cells were architecturally and cytologically distinct from the leukemic infiltrates of myeloid cells in the spleen, and there was no evidence of differentiation of these cells into myeloid or monocytic cells. A panel of monoclonal antibodies on paraffin sections revealed no lineage-specific T- or B-cell markers (UCHL1-, L26-), and the plasmacytoid cells were positive for CD68 (KP1) and L60 (CD43), as well as faintly positive for 4KB5 (CD45RA) and MB1 (CD45R). They did not stain with antibodies to myeloid lineage antigens CD15, lysozyme, or myeloperoxidase. The combination of clinical, morphologic, and immunologic features of plasmacytoid T-zone cells in this case suggests that these cells may be of monocytic lineage but are not direct precursors of mature monocytic or granulocytic cells, and may not be part of the neoplastic clone in patients with myelomonocytic leukemia.
...
PMID:Plasmacytoid T-zone cell proliferation in a patient with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Histologic and immunohistologic characterization. 184 25

Paraffin embedded tissue reactive monoclonal antibodies were used to study human embryonal and fetal haemopoiesis, combining optimal morphology with immunohistological determination of haemopoietic cell subtypes and their microenvironment. Seven embryonal and twelve fetal liver specimens were studied, having been fixed in B5-fixative and embedded in paraffin. The different haemopoietic lineages each showed their own immunophenotype and distribution; intercellular and microenvironmental relationships were easily determined. Erythroid cells are reactive with VIE-G4, LN1, and MT1, sometimes partly surrounding a central macrophage. Myelomonocytic cells react with LCA, MT1, MB3, LN2, and anti-lysozyme, and from 14 weeks onwards with LN3. Lymphoid cells show LCA, MT1, MT2, MB1, MB2, MB3, and LN2 reactivity. In a few cases some scarce My10+ early progenitor cells were seen. An important finding is the extensive MT1-reactivity distributed over all haemopoietic lineages, and the demonstration of immature haemopoietic blast cells exclusively expressing the MT1 antigen. Further studies employing MT1 are necessary to delineate the extent of the distribution and the possible function of the antigen. Use of the MT1 mAb may contribute to the elucidation of the exact nature of the haemopoietic blast cells and their place in haemopoietic development.
...
PMID:Haemopoiesis in human fetal and embryonic liver. Immunohistochemical determination in B5-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. 210 30

Several immunohistochemical methods are now available for the staining of neoplastic cells in tissue sections. The authors have found that the alkaline phosphatase-anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) method is sensitive and reliable. Murine monoclonal or nonmurine polyclonal antibodies can be used to label a variety of membranous and/or cellular constituents in tissues that have been routinely processed in a histopathology laboratory. The monoclonal antibody against leukocyte common antigen (CD45) can be used to differentiate hematologic from nonhematologic tumors. Monoclonal antibodies (L26, LN1, LN2, LN3, MB1, MB2) label B-cell lymphomas, whereas other monoclonal antibodies (UCHL1, MT1) more characteristically stain T-cell lymphomas. Polyclonal antibodies against CD3 specifically mark neoplastic cells from T-cell lymphomas and leukemias but as yet are not commercially available. Monoclonal antibodies Leu-M1 (CD15), Ber H2 (Ki-1; CD30), and LN2 label Reed-Sternberg cells from most cases of nodular sclerosis, mixed cellularity, and lymphocyte-depleted Hodgkin's disease. Monoclonal antibodies Mac 387, KP1 (CD68), and NP57 (antielastase), as well as polyclonal antibodies against lysozyme, help identify subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia and extramedullary myeloid cell tumors. Although there are now excellent reagents ready for use, there is still a significant need for more lineage-specific (particularly against CD epitopes) monoclonal antibodies capable of labeling neoplastic cells in paraffin-embedded tissue sections from patients with hematologic malignancies.
...
PMID:Immunophenotyping of hematologic neoplasms in paraffin-embedded tissue sections. 218 Feb 77

Nine cases of peripheral giant cell granuloma of the oral cavity have been immunohistochemically analyzed to assess the nature of the giant cells. Giant cells were unreactive when tested with antibodies recognizing myelomonocytic and macrophage markers (lysozyme, MAC 387, HAM 56) but showed strong immunoreactivity with MB1, an antibody reactive with osteoclasts. It is concluded that giant cells characterizing giant cell granuloma exhibit a phenotype distinct from other giant cells found in sites of chronic inflammation and may be true osteoclasts.
...
PMID:Peripheral giant cell granuloma: evidence for osteoclastic differentiation. 221 83

The present report describes the results of a combined morphological, enzyme- and immunohistochemical analysis of nine cases of malignant non Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) clinically presenting as lethal midline granuloma. In a previous report written before antibodies directed against B and T lymphocytes were available, a histiocytic origin of such neoplasms had been suggested. A panel of antibodies reactive with most B cells (L26, MB1, KiB3) and a majority of T cells (MT1, UCHL1) was applied on paraffin sections of formalin fixed tissues as well as antibodies directed against leukocyte common antigen (LCA), myeloid/histiocyte antigen (MAC 387), lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, S-100 protein, prekeratin and immunoglobulin light chains. Enzyme histochemistry included tests for non-specific acid esterase, acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase and chloroacetate esterase. As a result, five T, two B and two unclassified (malignant histiocytosis probable) NHL were identified, indicating distinct heterogeneity of NHL as causative disorders in lethal midline granuloma.
...
PMID:Heterogeneous malignant non Hodgkin's lymphomas as a causative disorder in lethal midline granuloma. 252 38

Spleen, thymus and lymph node of human fetuses from the 12th to the 38rd week (spleen from 9 weeks) were investigated in an immunohistological study on B5-fixed paraffin embedded tissues, employing a panel of recently developed monoclonal antibodies, reactive with antigens resistant against fixation and paraffin embedment. The monoclonal antibodies included were MT1, MT2, MB1, MB2, MB3, LN1, LN2, LN3, LeuM1, Leu7, VIE-G4, together with polyclonal antibodies reactive with immunoglobulin heavy and light chains, and with lysozyme and S100-protein. The preservation of morphological detail together with immunoperoxidase staining of cellular subsets, allowed an accurate determination of the ontogenic development of the different cell types in situ, in relation to their micro-environment. The use of paraffin tissue reactive (monoclonal) antibodies gives an extra dimension to the study of fetal lymphoid tissues. This is of particular advantage in studies on very fragile tissues as in early embryonal and fetal ontogeny.
...
PMID:Immuno-architecture of human fetal lymphoid tissues. 314 91

Reagents that recognize antigens on lymphoid cells in fixed and wax-embedded sections have been applied to a series of cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The panel consisted of MB1, 4KB5 (CD45r), LN1, L26 and MB2 which recognize antigens expressed predominantly on B-lymphocytes; UCHL1 and MT1 which recognize antigens expressed on T-lymphocytes and myeloid cells; antibodies recognizing the non-lineage antigens LeuM1 (CD15), BerH2 (CD30), anti-EMA; anti-lysozyme and MAC 387 which detect antigens present on some macrophages; and finally TAL1B5 (class II MHC), CAM 5.2 (low molecular weight cytokeratin) and PD7/26 + 2B11(CD45). Two hundred and four cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma have been studied, of which 158 had been fully characterized on frozen sections. The series was biased towards high-grade (n = 108) and T-cell (n = 44) tumours and these were largely prospectively accrued. It was found that discrimination between B-cell and T-cell lymphomas can be reliably achieved using these reagents and that a small panel (CD45, L26, MB2, MT1, UCHL1) is adequate for this purpose. Using the full range of reagents it is not possible to subdivide cases into groups that correspond with morphological subtypes of lymphoma. Although paraffin section immunohistochemistry is of value, the diagnosis of lymphoproliferative disorders must still be based upon the assessment of well fixed, carefully prepared tissue sections using conventional tinctorial methods.
...
PMID:Paraffin section immunohistochemistry. I. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 326 64

Systemic mastocytosis (SM) can be regarded as a tumorous proliferation of tissue mast cells (TMC) involving various organs, particularly the bone marrow. The infiltrates, however, are by no means composed exclusively of TMC, but also contain eosinophils and lymphocytes. The varying composition of the TMC infiltrates and the immunohistological characteristics of the lymphatic cells were the main subjects of investigation in this study. Three different types of bone marrow infiltrates could be identified: (1) A pure mastocytic infiltrate. (2) A mixed mastocytic/lymphocytic infiltrate. (3) A predominantly lymphocytic infiltrate containing loosely-scattered TMC. The mixed mastocytic/lymphocytic infiltrate seems to be a unique finding confined to the bone marrow in cases of SM, and is not detected in this conformation in other tissue sites normally involved in SM (spleen, liver, lymph nodes and skin), nor in cases of malignant mastocytosis. The lymphoid cells could be identified immunohistologically as being an admixture of T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes, while NK cells were virtually absent from the composite nodules. The TMC reacted strongly with antibodies (monoclonal or polyclonal) against vimentin, common leucocyte antigen, lysozyme, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin and alpha 1-antitrypsin, but were negative with a variety of other antibodies tested (UCHL1, MB1, Ki-B3, Leu-7, KL1, desmin, S-100 protein, F VIII-related antigen and chromogranin A).
...
PMID:Lymphoid cells and tissue mast cells of bone marrow lesions in systemic mastocytosis: a histological and immunohistological study. 340 82

Formalin fixed and paraffin wax embedded tissue from 24 cases of T-cell lymphoma diagnosed using immunocytochemistry on cryostat sections was examined using a panel of eight monoclonal and three polyclonal antisera. The monoclonal antibodies UCHL1 and MT1 proved to be comparable and reliable markers of neoplastic cells in T-cell lymphomas. The B-cell specific marker, MB1, strongly stained all cells in two cases of pleomorphic large cell T-cell lymphoma, large cells in two cases of pleomorphic mixed medium and large cell lymphoma, and isolated clusters of blast cells in four cases of T-zone and angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy-like T-cell lymphoma. The cells stained by MB1 expressed T suppressor/cytotoxic surface markers on frozen section. Epithelial membrane antigen, as detected by a polyclonal anti-EMA and the monoclonal antibody HMFG2, was expressed in 36% of tumours especially those of monomorphic large cell and pleomorphic large cell phenotype. Single granules or finely dispersed cytoplasmic granularity was seen in four tumours using the anti-granulocyte reagent Leu M1. Tumour cells in one case stained in a pattern identical to Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's disease. Granular alpha-1-antitrypsin staining was found in 10 cases of pleomorphic large cell and monomorphic large cell lymphoma. No staining was observed using anti-lysozyme or the monoclonal macrophage specific marker Mac411. Monomorphic and pleomorphic large cell lymphomas tended to show a common immunophenotype with the majority of cells co-expressing alpha-1-antitrypsin HLA-DR and epithelial membrane antigen. Scattered large transformed blast cells in cases of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy-like T-cell lymphomas and T-zone lymphomas shared a similar immunophenotype with the large cell lymphomas. Using a panel of monoclonal antibodies effective in paraffin embedded tissue, diagnostically useful staining profiles which correlate with the morphological phenotype can be established in T-cell lymphomas.
...
PMID:An immunocytochemical study of T-cell lymphomas using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies effective in routinely fixed wax embedded tissues. 354 52


1 2 Next >>

---