Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chicken heat shock protein 108 (HSP108), the avian homolog of GRP94, was originally isolated from hen oviduct and binds Fe-ovotransferrin (Fe-OTf). The liver is also a rich source, and liver membranes bind Fe-OTf with a KD of 1.7 x 10(-7) M, a value similar to oviduct membranes. A competition assay, based on the binding of 125I-Fe-OTf to liver membranes, was utilized to examine the binding specificity of HSP108. Ovalbumin and avidin competed effectively, with KD's of 1.8 x 10(-7) M and 1.4 x 10(-7) M, respectively. Iron-free OTf bound with a 10-fold higher KD. Egg white lysozyme, chicken IgG, human transferrin, rabbit muscle actin, and porcine insulin do not bind. Neither do denatured ovalbumin or ovalbumin tryptic peptides. Thus, the binding activity of HSP108 is not restricted to Fe-OTf, nor is it universal.
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PMID:Binding specificity of avian heat shock protein 108. 939 24

The immune reactivity of stainless steel welders (n = 22-53) was evaluated in a three year's study. The results (phagocytic activity, cellular and humoral immunity) were statistically compared with those in control group of non-exposed persons from the same plant (n = 14-23) and with long-term laboratory reference values (LRV) (n = 14-311). In welders several changes were found when compared to the LRV: in humoral response there were higher prealbumin, lysozyme, circulating immune complexes and lower IgG. In phagocytic tests there were lower ingestion, bactericidal activity and higher metabolic activity of peripheral mononuclear leucocytes. In cellular immunity the marked lymphocytosis, higher counts of T-lymphocytes, CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes were noticed. After lowering the concentrations of metals in the working area there were trends to normal values in some parameters [relative numbers of T-lymphocytes, relative number of CD4+ lymphocytes, phagocytic activity, metabolic activity of leucocytes (INT index), IgA, complement C3, transferrin]. The extent and the length of the exposure to welding fumes, smoking and changed conditions at working place were followed as well.
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PMID:Long-term monitoring of the immune reactivity of stainless steel welders. 952 43

The exposure to light (20 mW/cm2, an incandescence lamp) of weakly alkaline protein solutions which contained silver nitrate and formaldehyde initiated reduction of silver ions with the subsequent generation of colored silver colloids. At light intensities lower than 0.2 mW/cm2 the generation of colored silver colloids was delayed. The rate of silver reduction depended on the protein type and on the light spectral structure. In particular, solutions which contained prealbumin, lysozyme, gamma-globulin, and transferrin were more photosensitive than solutions which contained albumin, pepsin, and beta-amylase. The formation of [Ag(NH3)2]+ complex after an addition of ammonium ions into the solutions preferentially suppressed silver reduction in the dark and under exposure to red light, thus resulting in a significant difference in the time of appearance of colored silver colloids when the solutions were exposed to violet or red light. These findings are promising for the elaboration of selective silver development of proteins in polyacrylamide gels.
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PMID:Effect of light on generation of colored silver colloids in protein solutions. 963 87

Local immunity was studied in 81 patients (146 eyes) aged 11-49 with keratoconus at different stages of the disease running different course. The concentrations of IgG, IgM, secretory IgA, lysozyme, immune complexes, C3 component of the complement, transferrin, and alpha 1-antitrypsin are increased in tears of patients with keratoconus, reflecting the activation of local immunity in this condition.
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PMID:[State of local immunity in keratoconus]. 972 Mar 95

Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is one of the simplest and most convenient techniques to separate small molecules. Of a variety of TLC separation modes, only size-exclusion was successfully used to separate proteins. In this paper, adsorption-TLC was used to separate proteins. The net charges were calculated for four model proteins, albumin, transferrin, lactoferrin and lysozyme, under different pH values. The suitable pH values for separation were determined according to the results from such calculations. Then, the adsorption isotherms of the four proteins were measured to deduce the ionic strength for appropriate elution conditions. Optimal conditions, 0.01 M bicine and pH 8.50, and a three-step elution process (1st step 0.01 M NaCl, 2nd 0.025 M NaCl, and 3rd 0.10 M NaCl), were obtained. Finally, the four model proteins were successfully separated under these elution condition.
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PMID:Thin-layer ion-exchange chromatography of proteins. 974 Nov 3

Immunological and biochemical analysis on cervical mucus requested application of micromethods on sindle small specimens. The following micro-methods in agar gel are applied: immunoelectrophoresis--the normal cervical mucus developed by antiserum against total human serum is presented with 5 precipitin lines: prealbumin, albumin, a1-antitrypsin, transferrin and IgG. The single immunodiffusion technique in agar gel (Mancini et al., 1964) is suitable method to assess these proteins. The same diffusion method is applied for enzyme assessment with special importance like a-amilase and muraminidase (lysozyme). The assessment of these proteins shows pre-ovulatory decrease and post-ovulatory remarkable increase. These changes are not simply due to the increased water content of the cervical mucus during the fertile period but reflects estrogen effect on cervical secretions.
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PMID:[The protein profile of the cervical mucus: cyclic and ovulatory values]. 1036 45

Renal failure (RF) in multiple myeloma (MM) is considered an ominous complication even though, when timely therapy is started in patients with minimal damage, a high percentage of cases can achieve a regression. The evaluation of renal involvement usually relies on serum creatinine or its clearance, but these parameters have proved to be inadequate to identify initial damage. The aim of this study was to assess the role of the following urinary proteins in diagnosing renal impairment at an early stage: high-molecular-mass proteins (transferrin, IgG, albumin) as markers of glomerular damage, and low-molecular-weight proteins and parenchymal enzymes [alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein (AGP), alpha(1)-microglobulin (alpha(1)M), retinol-binding protein (RBP), beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)M), lysozyme (LZ), and N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase (NAG)] as indicators of tubular disorder. Thirty MM patients (nine at disease onset and 21 previously treated) were included in the study. No correlation was found between the urinary proteins and the phase or the stage of the disease. By the Spearman test, Bence Jones proteinuria correlated significantly with the 24 h proteinuria (p=0. 01) and beta(2)M (p=0.02), and weakly with the alpha(1)M. Serum creatinine concentrations and urea correlated with most of the analytes evaluated: RBP correlated well with urea (p=0.004) and creatinine (p=0.004); IgG (p=0.006) albumin (p=0.009), AGP (p=0.04), and NAG (p=0.02) correlated with serum creatinine. Significant statistical correlation was found between all the analytes except LZ and the creatinine clearance. Twelve of the 30 MM patients (40%) showed abnormal values of urinary proteins. Four of these patients showed overt renal failure with significant modification of the serum parameters and of creatinine clearance, three showed an isolated decrease of creatinine clearance, and five did not present any alteration of serum or urinary parameters. This testifies to the utility of urinary proteins in highlighting renal damage even in cases where the customary serum indicators of renal disorder are normal. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that AGP, RBP, NAG, transferrin, and IgG are good indicators of renal damage. They do not correlate with the severity of the disease, but they seem to be helpful in identifying a subset of patients with initial renal dysfunction.
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PMID:Assessment of renal function in patients with multiple myeloma: the role of urinary proteins. 1046 Mar 51

In this work, a previously proposed methodology for the optimization of analytical scale protein separations using ion-exchange chromatography is subjected to two challenging case studies. The optimization methodology uses a Doehlert shell design for design of experiments and a novel criteria function to rank chromatograms in order of desirability. This chromatographic optimization function (COF) accounts for the separation between neighboring peaks, the total number of peaks eluted, and total analysis time. The COF is penalized when undesirable peak geometries (i.e., skewed and/or shouldered peaks) are present as determined by a vector quantizing neural network. Results of the COF analysis are fit to a quadratic response model, which is optimized with respect to the optimization variables using an advanced Nelder and Mead simplex algorithm. The optimization methodology is tested on two case study sample mixtures, the first of which is composed of equal parts of lysozyme, conalbumin, bovine serum albumin, and transferrin, and the second of which contains equal parts of conalbumin, bovine serum albumin, tranferrin, beta-lactoglobulin, insulin, and alpha -chymotrypsinogen A. Mobile-phase pH and gradient length are optimized to achieve baseline resolution of all solutes for both case studies in acceptably short analysis times, thus demonstrating the usefulness of the empirical optimization methodology.
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PMID:Optimization of ion-exchange protein separations using a vector quantizing neural network. 1083 56

The separation of drug enantiomers using proteins as the chiral selectors in capillary electrophoresis (CE) is considered in this review. The proteins used include albumins such as bovine serum albumin, human serum albumin and serum albumins from other species, glycoproteins such as alpha1-acid glycoprotein, crude ovomucoid, ovoglycoprotein, avidin and riboflavin binding protein, enzymes such as fungal cellulase, cellobiohydrolase I, pepsin and lysozyme and other proteins such as casein, human serum transferrin and ovotransferrin. Protein-based CE is carried out in two modes: in one proteins are immobilized or adsorbed within the capillary, or protein-immobilized silica gels are packed into the capillary (affinity capillary electrochromatography mode), and in the other proteins are dissolved in the running buffer (affinity CE mode). Furthermore, the advantages and limitations of the two modes and the factors affecting the chiral separations of various drugs by protein-based CE are discussed.
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PMID:Enantiomer separation of drugs by capillary electrophoresis using proteins as chiral selectors. 1083 46

Pseudoparaproteins were observed in 129 (10.5%) of 1,229 high resolution protein electrophoretic fractionations of serum (N = 847), urine (N = 368), or cerebrospinal fluid (N = 14) performed in this laboratory during a 12-month period. The pseudoparaproteins identified in serum electrophoretic patterns included fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, hemoglobin-haptoglobin complex, elevated beta-globulins (transferrin and C3), lysozyme (muramidase), and an extended migration artifact. In the electrophoretic patterns of urine, the pseudoparaproteins consisted of nonspecific gamma zone bands of varying intensity. Gamma zone trace protein in the cerebrospinal fluid was often of sufficient intensity to cause potential confusion with oligoclonal bands. Awareness of the characteristic electrophoretic migration positions of these pseudoparaproteins helps to avoid unnecessary ancillary testing and expense.
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PMID:The incidence and significance of pseudoparaproteins in a community hospital. 1094 70


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