Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fifty bone tumors were investigated using immunohistological methods for an assessment of the amount and nature of macrophage infiltration. Polyclonal antibodies against lysozyme, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, and alpha 1-antitrypsin were used as markers, besides certain monoclonal antibodies against blood monocytes and mature tissue macrophages. Particularly high macrophage infiltration was found in malignant fibrous histiocytomas, giant cell-containing osteosarcomas, giant cell tumors of bone, and aneurysmal bone cysts. Moderate infiltrates were seen in some highly malignant osteosarcomas, in fibrosarcoma, and in chondroblastoma. A low macrophage content was observed in some osteosarcomas, in Ewing's sarcomas, chordomas, fibrous dysplasias, aggressive fibromatoses, and cartilage tumors. Osteoclast-like giant cells showed distinctly positive reactions with the monoclonal antibody against mature tissue macrophages. In fibrohistiocytic tumors (MFH, giant cell tumor, non-ossifying fibroma) only macrophages gave positive reactions with those antibodies, whereas the reaction of spindle-shaped tumor cells was always negative. These results strongly indicate that the macrophages found in bone tumors (including those of fibrohistiocytic type) result from reactive infiltration. The autochthonous tumor cells are most probably derived from local mesenchymal cells, and are thus cytogenetically unrelated to the infiltrating macrophages.
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PMID:Biologic characterization of human bone tumors IX. Occurrence of macrophages. 349 58

We performed an immunohistochemical study of 24 giant-cell tumors of bone and 30 other lesions (fibrous histiocytoma, nonossifying fibroma, and giant-cell tumor of the tendon sheath) using lysozyme and alpha 1-antitrypsin as markers for histiocytic cells. The presence of histiocytic cells in giant-cell tumors of bone is confirmed by the finding of a positive reaction for alpha 1-antitrypsin in both multinucleate giant cells and mononuclear stromal cells in some cases. It is not clear whether the positive cells are to be regarded as neoplastic or reactive and alpha 1-antitrypsin is not considered as a diagnostically useful marker for giant-cell tumor of bone. In malignant fibrous histiocytoma, too, histiocytic cells could be identified by their positive reaction for alpha 1-antitrypsin; some of these cells had the morphologic features of tumor cells. Cells with a positive reaction for lysozyme were rarely found, except in giant-cell tumors of the tendon sheath.
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PMID:Lysozyme and alpha 1-antitrypsin in giant-cell tumor of bone and in other lesions that contain giant cells. 352 6

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) shows a mixed proliferation of both fibroblastic and histiocytic cells. Because of their complex morphologic appearances, the nature of truly neoplastic cells in MFH has been controversial. In the present study, immunoperoxidase method (PAP method) was used to examine the intracytoplasmic lysozyme (LY), alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT), fibronectin (FN), and polyvalent immunoglobulin (PI) in the fibroblastic and histiocytic cells. Twenty-three cases with MFH were histologically divided into three groups; predominantly fibroblastic type (Group I; 5 cases), mixed fibroblastic and histiocytic type (Group II; 15 cases), and almost pure histiocytic type (Group III; 3 cases). Fibroblastic cells showed a strong positive reaction for LY and A1AT, suggesting the histiocytic nature, while the proliferating cells in Group II were more intensely stained by each of the antibodies than in Groups I and III. Enzyme histochemical examinations on fresh materials were available in 3 cases. These findings suggest that proliferating cells in MFH possess a histiocyte nature.
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PMID:Immunohistological study on malignant fibrous histiocytoma. 609

Histiocytosis X, multicentric reticulohistiocytosis, juvenile xanthogranuloma, the "fibrous" type of dermatofibroma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma are all characterized by dermal and/or subcutaneous infiltrates composed at least partially of cells having morphologic features suggestive of histiocytes. Paraffin-embedded tissues representing these conditions were stained for lysozyme (muramidase) with a peroxidase-antiperoxidase technic. The cells of juvenile xanthogranuloma were rich in lysozyme. Some of the cells of histiocytosis X showed a positive pattern, and the cells of the other three conditions were essentially negative. This study confirmed the histiocytic nature of juvenile xanthogranuloma and multicentric reticulohistiocytosis, supported the interpretation that there is a histiocytic component in the lesions of histiocytosis X, and cast some doubt on the alleged histiocytic nature of "fibrous" dermatofibroma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical identification of lysozyme in cutaneous lesions of alleged histiocytic nature. 625 20

Immunohistochemical labelling of histiocytic tumour cells in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded material was usefully applied to malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) and to malignant histiocytosis (MH). Not all cases of MFH showed a positive reaction, in contrast with the obligatory positive staining in MH. In general, histiocytic tumour cells stained more intensively with alpha 1-antichymotrypsin than with lysozyme. False positive results can be due to intermingled non-neoplastic histiocytes or degenerating neoplastic cells in any mesenchymal tumour.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical characterization of histiocytic tumours. 626 73

Since lysozyme and alpha 1-anti-chymotrypsin are constituents of normal histiocytes, their value as tumor cell markers in histiocytes neoplasias has been investigated using the indirect immunoperoxidase method and commercially available specific antisera on formaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded 5 micrometers sections after pretreatment with pronase. The distribution of both markers was determined in 35 cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) and in 13 cases of malignant histiocytosis (MH). In 12 cases of MH both markers were found whereas in MFH alpha 1-antichymotrypsin was demonstrated in 26 and lysozyme in 16 cases only. In general, the staining for alpha 1-anti-chymotrypsin was more intense than the staining for lysozyme. A negative reaction does not exclude the possibility of MH or MFH. The presence of both constituents in tumours, however, can be considered as indicative of histiocytogenic origin and both can be useful markers for distinguishing histiocytic neoplasias from other tumours.
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PMID:Lysozyme (muramidase) and alpha 1-anti-chymotrypsin as immunohistochemical tumour markers. 628 96

Distribution of intracytoplasmic lysozyme in proliferative and neoplastic fibrohistiocytic lesions and non fibrohistiocytic tumors was studied by immunoperoxidase technique on formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded sections. The cases examined were 161 fibrohistiocytic lesions and 86 non-fibrohistiocytic tumors. Contrary to our expectation, the lysozyme positive cells were found only in the minority of cases with fibrohistiocytic lesions. Cells positive for lysozyme were found only in 13 out of 100 cases of dermatofibroma, one out of 4 cases of xanthogranuloma and 8 out of 33 cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans and non-fibrohistiocytic tumors were negative for lysozyme. It is suggested that in proliferative fibrohistiocytic lesions, induction of lysozyme synthesis is weak or absent. Some malignant fibrous histiocytomas showed scattered lysozyme positive neoplastic cells, indicating their probable histiocytic origin or differentiation. On the other hand, evidence of histiocytic differentiation of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans was not obtained using lysozyme immunohistiochemistry.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical observation of intracytoplasmic lysozyme in proliferative and neoplastic fibrohistiocytic lesions. 629 36

The malignant fibrous histiocytomas reported to the Department of Pathology of the University Cantonal Hospital of Geneva between 1971 and 1978 are reviewed and a clinico-histological study is conducted in 21 out of 27 cases. An attempt is made to correlate some histological features (i.e. mitoses, atypical figures, inflammatory cells, necrotic areas, stroma, cellular morphology) with clinical course (i.e. local recurrence and metastases). No clinico-histological correlation was found and the result is thus comparable to the literature, which suggests that factors influencing prognosis are size, localization and depth of the tumor: the prognosis of small, distal and superficial tumors is better. Furthermore, using the peroxidase bridge technique for lysozyme, 3 positive reactions were found in 17 assays. The authors' immunohistochemical findings together with other histological features of the tumors and results reported in the literature suggest that the malignant fibrous histiocytoma is derived from an undifferentiated mesenchymal cell rather than from "histiocytes" as its name would suggest.
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PMID:[Malignant fibrous histiocytoma. An attempt at a histo-clinical correlation in 21 cases]. 629 32

This report describes a malignant tumor of soft tissue which combined granular cells with an histologic pattern of malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Immunohistological and ultrastructural studies were performed. Neo-plastic cells were devoid of S-100 Protein but contained lysozyme. Ultrastructural findings showed granular cells containing numerous lysosomes and non-granular cells exhibiting fibroblastic and histiocytic differentiations. This lesion prompts us to consider either a malignant granular cell tumor or a malignant fibrous histiocytoma.
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PMID:[Malignant fibrous histiocytoma with granular cells]. 632 14

Primary leiomyosarcoma of bone is extremely rare. A 60-year-old woman had a mass in the right femur that was studied immunohistochemically and by electron microscopy. Human smooth-muscle actomyosin was detected in tumor cells, but human skeletal-muscle myoglobin and lysozyme (muramidase) were not. Electron microscopy of the tumor showed findings suggestive of a smooth-muscle origin, such as myofilaments, dense bodies, pinocytotic vesicles, and basement membrane. The results were diagnostic of leiomyosarcoma rather than rhabdomyosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, or malignant fibrous histiocytoma, which are similar neoplasms. We believe that ours is the first case of primary leiomyosarcoma of the bone proved by immunohistochemistry.
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PMID:Primary leiomyosarcoma of bone. An immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study. 668 70


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