Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
 21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report here three cases of breast cancer with reactive multinucleated giant cells. The patients were among the 605 patients with breast cancer seen in the past 17 years at Tenri Hospital; the incidence of this variety of breast cancer was 0.5%. Enzyme histochemical and electron microscopic examination suggested that the giant cells were of histiocytic origin. However, results of immunohistochemical technique, S-100 protein, lysozyme, nonspecific cross-reacting antigen with carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, all currently used as markers of histiocytes, were negative. Because of the rarity of this variety of breast cancer, the biological significance of these unusual findings remains unknown.
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PMID:Breast cancer with reactive multinucleated giant cells: report of three cases. 301 34

Tissue specimens obtained at autopsy from seven childhood cases of malignant histiocytosis were studied by immunohistochemistry. Clinically, the majority of the cases showed sustained fever, hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, and DIC. The pretreatment diagnosis was based on their typical clinical manifestations and bone marrow smear findings. Although three patients temporarily responded to exchange transfusion and chemotherapy, all seven patients eventually died of active disease. Postmortem examination revealed the proliferation of atypical histiocytes appearing in variable degrees of maturation in the lymph nodes, liver, spleen, bone marrow, lungs, and central nervous system. Immunohistochemical staining for lysozyme, nonspecific cross-reacting antigen (NCA), alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1 AT), alpha and beta subunits of S100 protein (S100 alpha, beta), and concanavalin A receptors (ConAR) in cytoplasm demonstrated the presence of two subtypes of malignant histiocytes, ie, S100 beta+/NCA-/ConAR+ (4 cases) and S100 beta-/NCA+/ConA R+ (three cases). The results of lysozyme, alpha 1 AT, and S100 alpha staining were inconsistent. A survey of the literature disclosed that the incidence of S100 protein-positive cases in children was higher than in adults (12/21 v 5/19; chi 2, P less than .05). Further large scale investigation is necessary to confirm the independence and significance of these two subtypes of histiocytes in malignant histiocytosis.
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PMID:Malignant histiocytosis in childhood: clinical, cytochemical, and immunohistochemical studies of seven cases. 337 90

A case of Hodgkin's disease (HD) in a patient with long-standing hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is reported. The diagnosis of HCL was confirmed by clinical features (chronic illness with marked splenomegaly) and hematopathologic findings (increase of characteristic hairy cells with tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity in peripheral blood and bone marrow). Cervical lymphadenopathy first appeared 6 years after the diagnosis of HCL, and histologic features of the node were characteristic of HD. As it was possible that the neoplastic cells of both lesions might have originated from a single clone, their phenotypic features were defined. The hairy cells were found to bear surface immunoglobulin, receptors for complement components, leukocyte common antigen, and antigen defined by LN-1 monoclonal antibody, whereas lymph node lesion was characterized as HD because the Reed-Sternberg-like cells were positive for Leu M1 antigen, lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and nonspecific cross-reacting antigen. Since there was no evidence indicating a common clonal origin, it is more likely to consider that both lesions are derived from different clones.
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PMID:Hodgkin's disease in hairy cell leukemia. Phenotypic characterization of neoplastic cells. 365 3

An unusual case of classic thymic granuloma is reported. A 16-year-old boy presented with a huge mediastinal mass and the superior vena caval syndrome. Irradiation and combination chemotherapy induced complete remission, despite several episodes of lymph node recurrence. Examination of the first biopsy specimen was considered to indicate a histiocytic tumor or malignant form of eosinophilic granuloma, because of the diffuse proliferation of histiocytes and marked infiltration of eosinophils. Late involvement in the lymph node appeared to have the same histologic characteristics as the mediastinal tumor. Immunohistochemically, the proliferating histiocytes were stained with anti-S100 protein IgG but not with anti-lysozyme or anti-NCA (nonspecific cross-reacting antigen with carcinoembryonic antigen) antibody. These characteristics were similar to those of interdigitating cells in the lymph nodes, thymus, and other lymphoid tissues. The relationship of this case to mediastinal Hodgkin's disease or proliferative disorders of histiocytes is discussed.
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PMID:A case of large "thymic granuloma". Neoplasm of T-zone histiocyte. 649 38