Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
 21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In this report, we have presented our experience with a patient with a rare cutaneous granulocytic sarcoma. In addition to hematoxylin and eosin, myeloperoxidase stain and specific stains for lysozyme and esterase were helpful in confirming the histologic diagnosis of granulocytic sarcoma. Despite multiple attempts to control this patient's tumor by conservative surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, we eventually had to resort to limb amputation. This procedure restored a meaningful quality of life to this patient for one and a half years prior to the development of acute leukemia. Treatment with corticosteroids at the time of surgery may have prevented a local recurrence of granulocytic sarcoma despite positive tissue margins. Our experience underscores the importance of directing treatment toward the granulocytic sarcoma whereas the myelodysplasia concurrently present may not require therapy for several years.
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PMID:Treatment of cutaneous granulocytic sarcoma in a patient with myelodysplasia. 292 35

The authors presented the results of clinical observations and autopsy findings concerning the peculiarities of the development, diagnosis and treatment of secondary pneumonia in acute leukemia with pulmonary complications. Immunological disorders in patients with pneumonia in acute leukemia (general-changes in the levels of lysozyme, complement, immunoglobulins, T-lymphocytes, lymphocyte blast-transformation reaction; local-morphological changes, changes in the content of lysozyme, acid phosphatase activity, bronchoalveolar wash-off) were shown. A study of bronchoalveolar washes-off showed a clinical efficacy of a method of endobronchial injection of leukocytic mass for pneumonia in acute leukemia.
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PMID:[Characteristics of the diagnosis and treatment of secondary pneumonia in acute leukemia]. 347 29

Serum lysozyme activity was measured in samples from 65 children with acute lymphatic and myelogenous leukemia, solid tumors and malignant lymphoma in comparison with 45 healthy children. All children with acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL) had significantly reduced levels of lysozyme before starting therapy compared with a control group (p less than 0,01). Children with ALL in complete remission had lysozyme levels comparable to normal children, while children with ALL in relapse showed pathological low levels again. Children with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), solid tumors and malignant lymphomas had higher lysozyme concentration before therapy than healthy children. Determination of lysozyme activity in children with acute leukemia and malignant tumors is of value for diagnosis and to control the effect of therapy.
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PMID:[Serum lysozyme level in children with acute leukemia and malignant diseases]. 385 10

A retrospective analysis of 30 patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CrMML) was performed to define the natural history of the disease and the risk of acute transformation. Our patients fulfilled the following criteria of diagnosis: blood monocytosis over 1 X 10(9)/l, blast cell percentage in bone marrow up to 30, and in peripheral blood less than 5. The most common presenting feature was anemia; seven patients had fever; three patients complained of purpura and bleeding. Anysopoikilocytosis and macrocytosis were frequent. Abnormal granulocyte morphology, defective granulation and abnormal leukocyte alkaline phosphatase were often observed. Blast cells in peripheral blood smears were found in 14 patients. Serum and urine lysozyme levels were increased in 82 per cent and 93 per cent, respectively. Dysplastic changes involving erythroid, granulocytic and megakaryocytic lineages were constant features in all cases. Agranulated blasts above 5 per cent of marrow nucleated cells were seen in 13 patients (43 per cent). Seven of the 20 patients showed non-specific chromosomal abnormalities at diagnosis. Median survival from diagnosis was 18 months (range, 3-112). Evolution into acute myeloid leukemia occurred in 11 patients. No difference in survival was found between patients who developed acute leukemia and patients who did not. A shorter survival has correlated to the following parameters: leukocytes greater than 10 X 10(9)/l, the presence of blasts in peripheral blood and agranulated blasts in the marrow above 5 per cent.
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PMID:Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia: clinical features, cytogenetics, and prognosis in 30 consecutive cases. 386 Apr 66

Using FAB criteria, we retrospectively classified 195 adult acute leukemia cases seen over a six-year period. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was separated from acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) by negative peroxidase. The dysmyelopoietic syndrome was separated from ANLL when the percentage of immature leukemic cells was less than 30%. The 55 cases of ALL and 140 cases of ANLL thus defined were initially independently subclassified with Wright's stained smears by three observers. Cases were then jointly reviewed by using all available information, and a final consensus diagnosis was reached. For ALL, there was complete agreement (of initial independent observations) about subtype in 32 of 55 (58%); for only one case was there total disagreement. For ANLL there was complete agreement in 89 of 140 (64%) and total disagreement in 5 of 140 (4%). Frequent disagreement of independent observations with the consensus diagnosis were L1 interpreted as 12, M5 interpreted as M4, L3 interpreted as L2, L2 interpreted as L1, M1 interpreted as M2 and M4 interpreted as M5. Although there appears to be variation between observers, all but 6 of 195 cases had at least two observers in agreement. Disagreement appeared to be partly based on varying interpretations of subjective criteria and partly on the variability in determining percentages of cell types present. The use of nonspecific esterase stain or lysozyme appeared to improve diagnostic agreement over that observed using Wright's stained slides alone in approximately 5% of cases of ANLL.
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PMID:Diagnostic concurrence in the subclassification of adult acute leukemia using French-American-British criteria. 617 97

Cell surface marker analyses conducted on human peripheral blood lymphoid cells have proven extremely useful in the diagnosis of immunodeficiency and the diagnosis and staging of malignancies. In this paper we have focused on the ratio of helper to suppressor cells in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome and in patients with malignancy. In thirty-three patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome, the majority showed an inverted helper:suppressor ratio, elevated serum thymosin alpha 1, and elevated serum lysozyme levels. The inverted ratio was due to a deficiency in T-helper cells. The inverted helper:suppressor ratio was associated with functional suppressor cell activity that was seen in 12 out of 21 patients examined. Patients' lymphocytes were found to suppress the PHA, pokeweed mitogen, and concanavalin-A responses of normal subjects' lymphocytes. The suppression also correlated with impaired lymphocyte proliferative responses among the patients' cells themselves. Because of these findings, the helper:suppressor ratio was studied in patients with solid tumors, lymphoma, acute leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and hairy cell leukemia. Approximately 30% of these patients have an inverted helper:suppressor ratio. However, in ten out of 30 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and in three out of 45 patients with lymphoma, the helper:suppressor ratio was elevated, being greater than 3.0. The significance of these findings is as yet to be explored, but it is suggested that an inverted helper:suppressor ratio in patients with malignancy may relate to an advanced stage of disease or a poor prognosis. Documentation of this point will require further study.
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PMID:Leukocyte subset analysis and related immunological findings in acquired immunodeficiency disease syndrome (AIDS) and malignancies. 623 50

The paper discusses the data on secretion of immunoglobulin and lysozyme in the upper respiratory tract of patients with acute leukemia. The data were used in the evaluation of certain biological preparations intended for prevention of infectious complications.
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PMID:[Local immunity of the upper respiratory tract in patients with acute leukemia]. 624 Jan 55

Plasma and intracellular levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), phosphohexose isomerase (PHI) and lysozyme activities were investigated in 20 patients with acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), 18 patients with acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL) and 10 patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia in blast transformation (CML/BT). Though the plasma levels of LDH and PHI in all patients with acute leukemia were elevated as compared to control persons there was no distinctive pattern which could be of use in the classification of acute leukemia. On the other hand the intracellular levels of these enzymes could be of value in classifying acute leukemia. The leukemic lymphoblasts were characterized by low levels of PHI and lysozyme as compared to leukemic myeloblasts or to normal lymphocytes (p less than 0.01). The LDH/PHI ratio is also significantly higher in leukemic lymphoblasts than in leukemic myeloblasts or in normal lymphocytes (p always less than 0.01). These characteristics might also be made use of in identifying the blasts of CML/BT als "lymphoid" or "myeloid" in corresponding cases.
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PMID:Plasma and intracellular levels of lactate dehydrogenase, phosphohexose isomerase and lysozyme activity in acute leukemia. 658 21

Of 112 patients with acute leukemia 13 exhibited terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase activity (TdT) with a cell phenotype characterized by the presence of early or mature monocyte differentiation antigens detected by monoclonal antibodies and elevated serum lysozyme. These cells were either unclassifiable by cytochemical analysis or fell into the M2 or M5 categories by the French-American-British classification. These leukemias appear to form a distinct nosologic entity representing a malignant transformation among early cells in the monocyte lineage. Among 60 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia 87% expressed the polymorphic Ia antigen detected by monoclonal antibody 109d6 compared to an incidence of 40.5% in the control population, relative risk 9.2. Evidence was obtained that this antigen was present in healthy family members and remission B-cells and monocytes of patients, and that its presence was associated with a genetically defined susceptibility state for the development of acute myelogenous leukemia.
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PMID:Definition of AML susceptibility and classification using monoclonal antibodies. 659 64

The myelo-monocytic leukemias (MML) can be of acute, subacute or chronic type, according to the level of bone-marrow blast cells and to the spontaneous course. We have compared the clinical, hematological and biological characters of 11 cases of subacute MML-defined by a survival of less than 12 months - to 20 cases of chronic MML. Anemia, hyperleucocytosis, monocytosis, number of circulating granulocytes and blast cells, level of bone marrow blasts, were superior in acute MML, with significant difference for hemoglobin, circulating and bone-marrow blasts. A high urine lysozyme output, a decrease of granulo-monocytic colonies after bone-marrow culture on semi-solid media were further arguments in favor of the subacute type. This variety, which evolves into acute MML in near 50 p. cent of cases appears consequently as the first step of an acute leukemia, or represents a very close aspect. Chronic MML on the contrary, although with still 30 p. cent blastic transformation, is characterized by a steady course, with a median survival of 3.3 years, and number of untreated patients surviving many years beyond this median time.
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PMID:[The prognosis factors of subacute and chronic myelo-monocytic leukemias (author's transl)]. 695 80


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