Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
 21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two cases of leukemic malignant histiocytosis had similar morphologic and enzyme histochemical findings. Large blasts with low nuclear/cytoplasmic ratios, occasional azurophilic granules, and immature nuclei with nucleoli were seen in peripheral blood and bone marrow smears. Case 1 had occasional erythrophagocytosis, while in Case 2 it was rare. They were peroxidase negative, and very strongly positive by alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase stain, the latter being inhibited by sodium fluoride. Acid phosphatase stains were also very strongly positive and were inhibited with tartaric acid. They were also stained granularly with PAS. Surface marker analysis revealed myeloid surface antigens, CD11+, CD13+ and HLA-DR+ in Case 1, and CD11+, CD13+, CD33+ and HLA-DR+ in Case 2. Immunoperoxidase stains of bone marrow biopsies revealed that lysozyme was positive in both cases. S-100 protein was strongly positive in Case 1, but weakly so in the skin tumor and negative in the bone marrow of Case 2. Electron microscopy showed both cases to be myeloperoxidase negative and rich in cytoplasmic organelles, such as lysosomes, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticuli. Nuclei were irregularly shaped and nucleoli were present in virtually all the cells. These findings suggest that the malignant histiocytes in these two cases derive from bone marrow macrophages, and S-100 protein can also be detected in monocyte-macrophage derived histiocytes.
 ...
PMID:Enzyme histochemical, immuno histochemical and electron microscopic studies of two cases of leukemic malignant histiocytosis. 174 45

A 50-year-old woman presented with a skin tumor on her right calf. The tumor had been noticed 20 years previously and grew to more than 60 mm in diameter. The histological findings were characterized by numerous bland xanthomatous histiocytes and a few atypical giant cells with pyknotic nuclei, although mitotic figures were few. These findings led to the diagnosis of dermatofibroma with unusual xanthomatous expression. Immunohistochemical studies using several markers for histiocytes (lysozyme, alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin and anti-CD68 antibody), anti-factor-XIIIa antibody and anti-CD34 antibody supported the diagnosis.
 ...
PMID:Giant xanthomatous dermatofibroma--a case distinguished histologically and immunohistochemically from invasive fibrohistiocytic tumors. 789 2

True histiocytic lymphoma (THL) and malignant histiocytosis (MH) have been defined by clinical and histologic findings and enzyme histochemistry. We reviewed cases previously diagnosed as cutaneous histiocytic lymphoma (HL) and MH with cutaneous lesions. These cases had been classified as "histiocytic" on the basis of previous enzyme histochemistry profiles of frozen tissue. Cutaneous tumor cells were reevaluated using a panel of immunohistochemical stains in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue in correlation with histopathologic examination. The antibodies used in this study were directed against CD45 (leukocyte common antigen [LCA]), CD20 (L26) for B cells, CD3 and CD45RO (UCHL-1) for T cells, CD68 (KP-1) and lysozyme for histiocytes, as well as CD30 (BerH2) for Ki-1 positive cells. On re-evaluation, the seven cases originally classified as HL were reclassified as one case of THL with neoplastic cells positive for CD68 (KP-1) and lysozyme, two cases with immunohistochemical features of Ki-l lymphoma (including one of T-cell lineage), three cases of T-cell lymphoma, and one case of B-cell lymphoma, all associated with variable degrees of reactive histiocytosis. The four cases originally classified as MH were reclassified as two cases of MH and two cases of uncertain lineage. Although rare, histiocytic malignancies do exist. However, the diagnosis of histiocytic malignancy should be made only after careful correlation of atypical tumor cells in histopathologic sections and sections stained immunohistochemically. Erroneous classification of reactive histiocytes as neoplastic histiocytes using only enzyme histochemistry in frozen sections is a pitfall to be avoided.
 ...
PMID:Cutaneous histiocytic malignancy. Immunohistochemical re-examination of cases previously diagnosed as cutaneous "histiocytic lymphoma" and "malignant histiocytosis". 832 Mar 54

Dermatofibroma (DF) or cutaneous fibrous histiocytoma is a common benign skin tumor that exhibits multiple, distinct histologic variants. Although clear cell DF has been described in the literature, balloon cell degeneration causing a clear cell DF phenotype has been not been reported to date. Herein, we describe the clinicopathologic findings of balloon cell DF arising on the heel of a 43-year-old man. Clinically, it presented as enlarging tan-white, ulcerated, firm 1.5 cm nodule, clinically suspected to be pyogenic granuloma. Excisional biopsy revealed a circumscribed fibrous tumor populated by mostly clear and spindle cells. A zonal arrangement separated the varied tumor cells where the most superficial, polypoid area showed large, clear polygonal balloon cells; the mid-dermal zone demonstrated a transition between balloon cells, epithelioid cells, and spindle cells; and the deep dermal zone had storiform arrangement of spindle cells, with the fascicles separated by coarse collagen bundles. A CD10+ > CD68+ > Factor XIIIa+ immunophenotype was identified with negative immunolabeling for S-100 protein, HMB-45, cytokeratin AE1/AE3, desmin, smooth muscle actin, lysozyme, and leukocyte common antigen (LCA). Ultrastructurally, the clear tumor cells were filled with multiple, empty, nonmembrane bound vacuoles of varying size. No recurrence has been described after complete excision and 7 months of follow up. DF with balloon cell change, likely secondary to persistent irritation, should be added to the differential diagnosis of cutaneous primary and metastatic neoplasms showing balloon cell degeneration such as balloon cell melanocytic nevi and renal cell carcinoma, respectively.
 ...
PMID:Cutaneous balloon cell dermatofibroma (fibrous histiocytoma). 1741 48