Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
 21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Reagents that recognize antigens on lymphoid cells in fixed and wax-embedded sections have been applied to a series of cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The panel consisted of MB1, 4KB5 (CD45r), LN1, L26 and MB2 which recognize antigens expressed predominantly on B-lymphocytes; UCHL1 and MT1 which recognize antigens expressed on T-lymphocytes and myeloid cells; antibodies recognizing the non-lineage antigens LeuM1 (CD15), BerH2 (CD30), anti-EMA; anti-lysozyme and MAC 387 which detect antigens present on some macrophages; and finally TAL1B5 (class II MHC), CAM 5.2 (low molecular weight cytokeratin) and PD7/26 + 2B11(CD45). Two hundred and four cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma have been studied, of which 158 had been fully characterized on frozen sections. The series was biased towards high-grade (n = 108) and T-cell (n = 44) tumours and these were largely prospectively accrued. It was found that discrimination between B-cell and T-cell lymphomas can be reliably achieved using these reagents and that a small panel (CD45, L26, MB2, MT1, UCHL1) is adequate for this purpose. Using the full range of reagents it is not possible to subdivide cases into groups that correspond with morphological subtypes of lymphoma. Although paraffin section immunohistochemistry is of value, the diagnosis of lymphoproliferative disorders must still be based upon the assessment of well fixed, carefully prepared tissue sections using conventional tinctorial methods.
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PMID:Paraffin section immunohistochemistry. I. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 326 64

Systemic mastocytosis (SM) can be regarded as a tumorous proliferation of tissue mast cells (TMC) involving various organs, particularly the bone marrow. The infiltrates, however, are by no means composed exclusively of TMC, but also contain eosinophils and lymphocytes. The varying composition of the TMC infiltrates and the immunohistological characteristics of the lymphatic cells were the main subjects of investigation in this study. Three different types of bone marrow infiltrates could be identified: (1) A pure mastocytic infiltrate. (2) A mixed mastocytic/lymphocytic infiltrate. (3) A predominantly lymphocytic infiltrate containing loosely-scattered TMC. The mixed mastocytic/lymphocytic infiltrate seems to be a unique finding confined to the bone marrow in cases of SM, and is not detected in this conformation in other tissue sites normally involved in SM (spleen, liver, lymph nodes and skin), nor in cases of malignant mastocytosis. The lymphoid cells could be identified immunohistologically as being an admixture of T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes, while NK cells were virtually absent from the composite nodules. The TMC reacted strongly with antibodies (monoclonal or polyclonal) against vimentin, common leucocyte antigen, lysozyme, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin and alpha 1-antitrypsin, but were negative with a variety of other antibodies tested (UCHL1, MB1, Ki-B3, Leu-7, KL1, desmin, S-100 protein, F VIII-related antigen and chromogranin A).
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PMID:Lymphoid cells and tissue mast cells of bone marrow lesions in systemic mastocytosis: a histological and immunohistological study. 340 82

Formalin fixed and paraffin wax embedded tissue from 24 cases of T-cell lymphoma diagnosed using immunocytochemistry on cryostat sections was examined using a panel of eight monoclonal and three polyclonal antisera. The monoclonal antibodies UCHL1 and MT1 proved to be comparable and reliable markers of neoplastic cells in T-cell lymphomas. The B-cell specific marker, MB1, strongly stained all cells in two cases of pleomorphic large cell T-cell lymphoma, large cells in two cases of pleomorphic mixed medium and large cell lymphoma, and isolated clusters of blast cells in four cases of T-zone and angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy-like T-cell lymphoma. The cells stained by MB1 expressed T suppressor/cytotoxic surface markers on frozen section. Epithelial membrane antigen, as detected by a polyclonal anti-EMA and the monoclonal antibody HMFG2, was expressed in 36% of tumours especially those of monomorphic large cell and pleomorphic large cell phenotype. Single granules or finely dispersed cytoplasmic granularity was seen in four tumours using the anti-granulocyte reagent Leu M1. Tumour cells in one case stained in a pattern identical to Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's disease. Granular alpha-1-antitrypsin staining was found in 10 cases of pleomorphic large cell and monomorphic large cell lymphoma. No staining was observed using anti-lysozyme or the monoclonal macrophage specific marker Mac411. Monomorphic and pleomorphic large cell lymphomas tended to show a common immunophenotype with the majority of cells co-expressing alpha-1-antitrypsin HLA-DR and epithelial membrane antigen. Scattered large transformed blast cells in cases of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy-like T-cell lymphomas and T-zone lymphomas shared a similar immunophenotype with the large cell lymphomas. Using a panel of monoclonal antibodies effective in paraffin embedded tissue, diagnostically useful staining profiles which correlate with the morphological phenotype can be established in T-cell lymphomas.
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PMID:An immunocytochemical study of T-cell lymphomas using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies effective in routinely fixed wax embedded tissues. 354 52

Paraffin sections of granulocytic sarcomas (GS) (n = 30) were immunohistochemically evaluated for CD3, CD15 (LeuM1), CD20 (L26), CD31, CD34, CD43, CD45, CD68 (KP1), lysozyme, myeloperoxidase (BM1), CD45RO (UCHL1), and LN5 with an avidin-biotin amplification system and a peroxidase-based color development system with DAB as a chromogen. CD45 positivity was present in all lymphomas and 24 of 25 granulocytic sarcomas. Lysozyme and CD43 labeled 26 of 29 granulocytic sarcomas, showing intense cytoplasmic staining. LN5 (membrane-staining) and CD68 (subtle cytoplasmic caplike staining) were found in 20 of 30 cases, often only focally. BM1 and CD15 mainly labeled maturing granulocytes and mostly were negative in primitive myeloid cells. Myeloid progenitor cell antigens CD31 and CD34 were seen in 7 and 12 of 30 cases, respectively. They seemed to recognize different subsets of myeloid leukemia infiltrates (16 cases positive for at least one); the use of CD31 and CD34 for defining these subsets should be evaluated further. Features suggesting a dual phenotype--T-cell and myeloid (positive for CD3, CD68, and lysozyme)--were documented in two cases. In contrast, lymphoblastic lymphomas (n = 4) were positive for CD3 and CD43 but negative for CD68, lysozyme, CD31, CD34, LN5, and myeloperoxidase. Lymphocytic lymphomas (n = 10) were positive for CD20 and CD43 but negative for all other markers. Small, round-cell tumors (n = 15) were negative for all markers. If T-cell and B-cell differentiation can be excluded with other markers, CD43+ is a sensitive marker for myeloid differentiation. Our results show that several markers are useful in the identification of myeloid leukemia infiltrates and in distinguishing them from lymphoblastic and lymphocytic lymphomas and small round-cell tumors in formaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical evaluation of myeloid leukemia infiltrates (granulocytic sarcomas) in formaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. 803 68

Twenty-eight cases of non-overt necrotizing type Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KF disease, histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis) were investigated clinicopathologically, immunohistochemically and electron microscopically in order to analyze the nature of this disease. In addition, investigations to detect the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH) were also performed as a high incidence of positive serum immunoreactivity to EBV had been revealed in the cases examined. The clinical features were an equal male to female ratio, mean age of 26 years, mild leukopenia and about 40% association with fever over 38 degrees C. The major particular pathologic features were: (i) varying amounts of nuclear debris in the pathologic areas, identified as apoptosis by electron microscopy; (ii) presence of medium to large sized transformed lymphocytes (immunoblasts), a very small number of them positive for both UCHL1 and L26, and plasmacytoid cells, some of them positive for UCHL1; and (iii) characteristically shaped histiocytes predominant in the pathologic areas, with irregular nuclei and strongly positive for anti-lysozyme and anti-alpha 1-antitrypsin antibodies. Investigations with PCR and ISH revealed a complete absence of EBV in these cases despite excellent results for positive controls. It was therefore considered that EBV was not a causative virus for KF disease.
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PMID:Pathologic analyses of non-overt necrotizing type Kikuchi and Fujimoto's disease. 831 Aug 24

Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) is an uncommon and localized extramedullary tumor composed of immature granulocytic cells. Most GS reported in large series were not associated with overt acute myelogenous leukemia. Gastric perforation occurred during prednisolone therapy in a 72-year-old Japanese male with a four-month history of a myelofibrosis-like state. Subtotal gastrectomy was performed for a suspected gastric ulcer perforation. Gastric histologic, immunohistochemical and cytochemical examination revealed diffuse infiltration by sheets of myeloblasts and promyelocytes with scant or moderately abundant cytoplasm including a few eosinophilic myelocytes. Bone marrow study done in one month after the operation disclosed refractory anemia with excess of blasts (RAEB). Leukemic transformation occurred two months later, and a subcutaneous tumor appeared on the forehead. The forehead tumor predominantly consisted of myeloblasts without evidence of maturation. Both the stomach and forehead tumors were examined immunohistochemically with a panel of monoclonal antibodies (LCA, L26, MT1, UCHL1, OPD4, LN-1, LN-2, LN-3, MB1, Leu-M1, PM) and polyclonal antibodies (lysozyme, alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, S-100 protein, lactoferrin), as well as naphthol-ASD-chloroacetate esterase staining to investigate and characterize the reliable marks for GS, and the patient was diagnosed as GS. We found that gastric GS may occur in a myelofibrosis-like state followed by RAEB of myelodysplastic syndrome and that naphthol-ASD-chloroacetate esterase staining and immunohistochemical detection of MT1, lysozyme, and alpha 1-antitrypsin were the most reliable markers for confirming the diagnosis of GS.
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PMID:Unsuspected gastric granulocytic sarcoma in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome. 870 73

A case of pre-leukemic granulocytic sarcoma (GS) of the uterus was found in a 73-year old woman. The diagnosis was suggested by vaginal cytology and the green color of the gross lesions, then confirmed by naphthol AS-D chloro acetate esterase stain and immunohistochemistry on fixed tissue with the anti-lysozyme, anti-myeloperoxidase, CD 43 and CD15 antibodies. At the time of GS discovery, the patient presented no evident leukemia but myelogram contained 20% of blast cells. She developed acute myeloid leukemia 2 months later. Cytogenetic study of the bone marrow revealed chromosome 21 trisomy. GS is frequently mistaken for malignant lymphoma since it expresses some of the leukocytic antigens (leukocyte common antigen, CD 45 RO (UCHL1), MB2). Therefore, the use of a large panel of antibodies, including anti-myeloperoxidase, anti-lysozyme and CD15, is recommended. Precise diagnosis is essential because all GS must be treated as acute myeloid leukemias.
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PMID:[Pre-leukemic granulocytic sarcoma of the uterus. Report of a case]. 970 44

Here, we report an unusual case of gastric anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), lymphohistiocytic variant, in a 70-year-old female patient who presented with epigastric pain, tarry stool and body weight loss. Endoscopic and imaging findings revealed a Bormann type II tumor in the stomach with perigastric lymphadenopathy and multiple tumor nodules in the liver. Total gastrectomy and liver biopsy were performed. Histologically, both gastric and hepatic tumors demonstrated anaplastic large neoplastic cells scattered among numerous reactive histiocytes. Immunostaining of these tumor cells reacted positively for CD30, CD3, CD45 RO/UCHL1, and negatively for epithelial membrane antigen, CD68, lysozyme, CD15, CD79a, CD138, PAX5 and anaplastic lymphoma kinase. Both the morphologic and immunophenotypic findings supported the diagnosis of gastric ALCL of lymphohistiocytic variant with liver metastasis. This patient then received chemotherapy and was still alive after 17 months of follow-up, without evidence of residual disease.
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PMID:Primary lymphohistiocytic variant of anaplastic large cell lymphoma of the stomach. 1733 48


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