Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
 21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Enzymaticaly homogeneous fractions of lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils were isolated by zonal centrifugation from peripheral blood of a patient with hairy cell leukemia, or leukemic reticuloendotheliosis, LRE,(with leukopenia, neutropenia, lymphocytosis, and massive splenomegaly). To detect enzymatic deficiencies, the cells were analyzed quantitatively for six leukocytic enzymes on three occasions: 1) before splenectomy, 2) 5 days after splenectomy, and 3) 6 weeks after splenectomy. Before splenectomy, the patient's cells showed moderate deficiency of beta-glucuronidase in lymphocytes and monocytes; server to modorate deficiency of lysozyme and myeloperoxidase in monocytes and granulocytes; and complete absence of neutral protease and alkaline phosphates in neutrophils. Full restoration of neutral protease and a three-fold rise in alkaline phosphatase activities occurred in the patient's neutrophils 5 days after splenectomy. Lysozyme and myeloperoxidase returned to normal in both monocytes and neutrophils of the patient. Six weeks following splenectomy, the alkaline phosphatase activity again disappeared from patient's neutrophils, although neutral protease remained normal. The patient's lymphocytes were unresponsive to PHA and PW mitogen before splenectomy but became responsive 6 weeks postoperatively. Monocytic transfomation into macrophges was supressed before and after splenectomy. The findings indicate that developmenally, in lymphocytic leukemia, a biochemical defect involves the patient's monocytes and neutrophils much more severely than it affects the leukemic lymphocytes. Functionally, the results partly explain the susceptibility of LRE patients to microbial infections.
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PMID:Absence of neutral protease and alkaline phosphatase in neutrophils of a case of hairy cell leukemia. 43 13

Cytochemical and electron-microcopic studies have been carried out on leukemic monocytes and 'hairy cells' (HC), 'reticulosarcoma' (RS) cells and cells of cases of 'reticulosis' and 'reticulosarcoma cell leukemia'. Additional investigations included equantitative determinations of the urinary lysozyme excretion, skin window studies, testing of the phagocytosis of ferritin by HC, and labelling of the Fc receptors on CH at the ultrastructural level. Clear evidences against any cytological relationship among leukemic HC and monocytes have been provided. Further results argued also against the frequently stressed relationship among leukemic monocytes and RS cells. Cases of 'RS cell leukemia' and 'reticulosis' had to be reclassified as lymphosarcoma cell leukemia, acute lymphatic, and myeloblastic leukemias. Besides distinct ultrastructural differences among HC, RS cells, and lymphocytes, mainly gradual differences have been noted using cytochemical methods and by evaluating the phagocytosis of ferritin particles. A further common trait of HC, RS cells, and B lymphocytes seems to be the presence of surface Fc receptors. A more precise classification instead of the diagnosis 'reticulosarcoma' and 'reticulosarcoma cell leukemia' is required, and the use of the term 'hairy cell' leukemia is suggested stead of the misleading term 'leukemic reticuloendotheliosis'.
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PMID:Hairy cell leukemia ('leukemic reticuleondotheliosis'), reticulosarcoma, and monocytic leukemia. Cytochemical and ultrastructural investigations. 80 67

Hairy cell leukaemia (leukaemic reticuloendotheliosis) appears to be a homogeneous and well defined disease on the basis of clinical presentation, light and electron microscopic features and cytochemical characteristics, but the study of immunological markers of hairy cells (HC) from many patients reveals apparent heterogeneity. The most common phenotype associates B-cell and monocytic properties: HC usually express monoclonal surface (and in certain cases cytoplasmic) immunoglobulins, receptors for IgM and IgG Fc, and mouse erythrocytes, and la-like antigens. Additionally, they are capable of phagocytosis, glass adherence, lysozyme and peroxidase synthesis. However, most of these features are not constant and cases have been reported in which HC fail to express one or more of these properties. In certain cases HC even display a T-cell phenotype, while, in others, features of both T and B cells are expressed. Moreover, in two recently studied patients, the phenotype of HC in the blood differed from that in the spleen (B + T in the blood and B in the spleen). These surprising discrepancies led us to hypothesize that HC from the same individual might be able to express different phenotypes following an appropriate stimulus. We therefore studied immunological parameters of HC stimulated by mitogens and the results indeed showed that after stimulation by phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) the cells switched from B to T or B + T phenotypes.
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PMID:Phenotypic changes of phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated hairy cells. 696 66