Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
 21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lymphoproliferative responses to phytohaemagglutinin and other phytolectins declined following prolonged exposure of lambs to a diet deficient in both selenium and vitamin E, coinciding with the development of nutritional myopathy. Supplementation restored lymphocyte responses within a week and led to a rapid decline in circulating activity of the muscle enzyme creatine kinase in serum. Lymphocyte responses of the dams remained largely unaltered throughout the experiment. There was no evidence of erythrocyte damage in myopathic lambs, concentrations of serum IgG, IgM and lysozyme were similar to those in healthy lambs, and chemiluminescence tests on whole blood samples failed to reveal a phagocytic defect in response to particulate and non-particulate stimuli. However, serum from myopathic lambs did show a reduced opsonic capacity.
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PMID:Immunological malfunctions associated with low selenium-vitamin E diets in lambs. 231

In patients on regular dialysis treatment, uremic symptoms (anemia, osteopathy, myopathy, neuropathy, and disorders of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism) may be partly due to an accumulation of low molecular weight (MW) proteins (10,000 to 60,000 daltons). We tested this hypothesis using membranes with a higher permeability than conventional Cuprophan membranes. The primary aim of the study was to test the cutoff of various hemofilters (Cuprophan [Highflux], polyamide [FH 20], cellulose acetate [Duoflux], and polyacrylonitrile [Hospal RP 7 + 8 and Asahi PAN]) under in vivo conditions. In addition the effects of hemofiltration on plasma low molecular weight protein concentrations, polyneuropathy, and autonomic insufficiency were also tested in a long-term (six-month) study using the membrane with the highest cutoff and most constant sieving coefficient, i.e., Highflux. Low MW proteins with a defined MW were used as marker substances. Sieving coefficients of beta 2-microglobulin, lysozyme, retinol-binding protein, alpha 1-glycoprotein, alpha 1-antitrypsin, prealbumin, albumin, and transferrin were determined during a four-hour hemofiltration (20 L ultrafiltrate). Proteins were analyzed using an immunodiffusion technique. In the long-term study, motor nerve conduction velocity, the Schellong test, and Valsalva maneuver were tested prior to and three and six months after hemofiltration therapy. Highflux, Duoflux, and FH 202 membranes were permeable to proteins with molecular weights up to 15,000 daltons, and the Highflux module had the most constant sieving coefficient during hemofiltration. In the six-month hemofiltration study with the Highflux filter, plasma beta 2-microglobulin and lysozyme decreased significantly as expected. Parameters of polyneuropathy and autonomic insufficiency were slightly improved.
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PMID:Elimination of low molecular weight proteins during hemofiltration. 681 37

Muscle wasting and weakness are common features of patients with critical illnesses, and may impair their recovery. This study examines whether cytoskeletal and contractile proteins are damaged, and which proteolytic mechanisms might be involved, in the muscle fibre atrophy or necrosis associated with the acute myopathy of critically ill patients. Ninety-eight muscle biopsies were obtained by the conchotome method from 57 critically ill patients and examined morphometrically and by immunohistochemical labelling. Sequential biopsies showed a mean reduction in fibre cross-sectional areas of 3-4% per day. More intense immunolabelling for desmin was seen in the smaller fibres of 52% of the biopsies, while immunolabelling for dystrophin, actin and myosin heavy chains was maintained. Myosin ATPase activity was weak in the smaller fibres in some biopsies, and electron microscopy showed the loss of myosin filaments in atrophic fibres. These changes suggest that loss of the filamentous structure of myosin, without degradation of the immunolabelled epitopes, leads to the collapse of the intermyofibrillar desmin network. Fibres with abnormal desmin labelling showed increased cathepsin B, lysozyme and ubiquitin immunolabelling. Nine cases showed increased immunolabelling for heat shock protein 72. The changes in desmin immunolabelling were more prevalent in patients with higher APACHE II scores on admission, but were not related to other clinical features. The results indicate that fibre atrophy is associated with myosin filament depolymerization and the presence of several proteolytic enzymes. In our study, these changes occurred in patients who were critically ill but who did not receive large doses of steroids or neuromuscular blocking agents.
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PMID:Muscle fibre atrophy in critically ill patients is associated with the loss of myosin filaments and the presence of lysosomal enzymes and ubiquitin. 988 61

A 65-year-old man was diagnosed with systemic sclerosis on the basis of skin thickening and positivity of anti-Scl-70 antibodies. Because myogenic enzymes, such as creatinine phosphokinase and aldorase, were also elevated, myopathy or myositis associated with systemic sclerosis was considered. Muscle magnetic resonance imaging and gallium scintigraphy did not show abnormalities. Findings of muscle biopsy demonstrated presence of noncaseating granulomas with multinucleated giant cells. In addition, serum angiotensin-converting enzyme and lysozyme were elevated, and therefore a diagnosis of sarcoid myopathy was made. Further, renal sarcoidosis was revealed with renal biopsy. Prednisolone (40 mg/day) improved both the myopathy and nephritis. Sarcoid myopathy is a rare condition, but it should be considered when myogenic enzymes are elevated in the patient with systemic sclerosis. Further, muscle biopsy may be essential to make an accurate diagnosis in such condition.
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PMID:A case of sarcoidosis developing as sarcoid myopathy concomitant with systemic sclerosis and review of the literature. 2167 19