Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
 21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty patients with clinically and microscopically confirmed lichen planus were studied immunohistochemically. Monoclonal antibody to HLA-DR antigens and polyclonal antisera to S-100 protein and muramidase were applied to paraffin-embedded sections for the purpose of elaborating on the pathogenesis of this disease. Trypsin incubation of sections was also done in order to determine its effect on immunostaining. Langerhans cells were identified with anti-S-100 and anti-HLA-DR, and macrophages were identified with antimuramidase and anti-HLA-DR. Keratinocytes also expressed HLA-DR membrane activity in lichen planus tissue. Trypsinization significantly improved the expression of S-100 protein and muramidase antigens. It was concluded that Langerhans cells, macrophages, and keratinocytes play important roles in antigen processing and/or phagocytosis during the natural history of this disease.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical staining of Langerhans cells and macrophages in oral lichen planus. 241 7

In previous investigations on lichen planus, we suggested that in early lesions T4-positive cells might be antigen-specifically driven, whereas in late lesions T8-positive cells may be cytotoxic to keratinocytes. To verify this hypothesis, we investigated the following nonlymphoid mononuclear cell subpopulations in early versus late lichen planus lesions: interdigitating cells (phenotype: S100-positive, lysozyme-negative, T6-negative, M3-negative), Langerhans cells (phenotype: S100-positive, lysozyme-negative, T6-positive, M3-negative), macrophages (phenotype: S100-negative, lysozyme-positive, T6-negative, M3-positive). Interdigitating cells were moreover identified in semithin and ultrathin sections by distinctive morphological characteristics. The S100-positive/lysozyme-positive cell ratio was higher (p less than 0.01) in early lesions than late lesions. In dermis but not in epidermis (NS), of early lesions, T6-positive cells were less represented than S100 positive cells (p less than 0.025). Thus, Langerhans' cells largely predominated over interdigitating cells in epidermis, but the two populations were both represented in dermis. Lysozyme-positive and M3-positive cells, more abundant in late lesions than in early lesions (p less than 0.001), were often filled with pigment granules.
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PMID:Quantitative studies on nonlymphoid mononuclear cell subpopulations in cutaneous infiltrates. I. Stage-related changes of dendritic nonlymphoid mononuclear cells, Langerhans' cells, and macrophages in lichen planus lesions. 370 69

Macrophages may be distinguished from interdigitating cells and from Langerhans cells in paraffin sections, the latter cells being positive when an antiserum against brain S-100 protein is used. This antiserum was utilized to conduct a retrospective analysis of 10 cases of lichen planus, including both early and late lesions. In addition, staining of macrophages was carried out by means of anti-lysozyme, anti-alpha-1-antitrypsin and anti-alpha-1-antichymotrypsin. The anti-S-100 protein staining by immunoperoxidase methods showed large numbers of positive cells. Few macrophages were noted in the early lesions, but the ratios were reversed in the older lesions, in which macrophages predominated over dermal S-100-positive cells. Both Langerhans cells-interdigitating cells and macrophages could play important roles in various cutaneous disorders. The involvement of Langerhans cells-interdigitating cells or, on the other hand, of macrophages could distinguish among different pathological processes. Even in different evolutionary stages of the same lesion, as lichen planus, a different Langerhans cells-interdigitating cells/macrophages ratio could be important in explaining the pathogenetic development of the disease.
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PMID:The possibility of distinguishing a subset of antigen-presenting cells from macrophages by means of anti S-100 protein sera. Dermal infiltrate of lichen planus as a model. 389 Jan 51

The presence and distribution of macrophages within 15 non-ulcerated lesions of oral lichen planus was investigated using an immunoperoxidase technique for the detection of the macrophage markers lysozyme and alpha 1 antitrypsin. All specimens contained mononuclear lysozyme and alpha 1 antitrypsin positive cells which were concentrated in a band immediately beneath the epithelium and often associated with areas of damaged basal cells. Cell counts revealed that 11% of the positive cells were in the epithelium and 89% in the lamina propria. Approximately 61% of all positive cells were found within a 125 micron wide zone centred on the basement membrane. These results suggest that in oral lichen planus macrophages are in close proximity to the epithelial basal cells, where cell damage occurs, and play a role in the pathogenesis of this condition.
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PMID:Macrophages in oral lichen planus. 392 49

Lichen planus (LP) is a mucocutaneous disease for which the etiology and pathogenesis are poorly understood. We performed an immunohistochemical study on formalin-fixed tissue sections of 10 cases of LP using subsets of antibodies to lymphocytes (LCA, CD3, OPD4-CD4, L26, LN1 and Leu-7), and monocyte-macrophages [lysozyme, KP1-Mac, Factor XIIIa (FXIIIa) and S-100 protein]. Six cases showed typical histological features of active LP, two cases showed features of active and inactive LP, and two cases showed only inactive LP. In active LP, scattered T cells (CD3+ and pan T cells) were present in the epidermis, whereas large numbers of CD3+ T cells were present at the dermoepidermal junction and in the dermis. Approximately 40% of the T cells at the dermoepidermal junction were of the helper/inducer subset, whereas approximately 80% of those in the dermis were CD4 positive (helper/inducer T cells). Occasional B cells were present in the dermis only. Increased numbers of S-100-positive Langerhans cells, macrophages expressing lysozyme, and FXIIIa dendritic cells were present in the epidermis and dermis. The inactive lesions showed the presence of a few epidermal Langerhans cells and a mild infiltrate of T cells (helper/inducer subset). These results suggest that in addition to different subsets of T cells and macrophages, including Langerhans cells, dermal dendritic cells expressing Factor XIIIa and lysozyme-positive histiocytes play an important role in lichen planus. They may participate in the destruction and subsequent regeneration of the basal layer of the epidermis, or alternatively may be activated as a result of destruction of the basement membrane in LP.
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PMID:Lymphocyte and macrophage subsets in active and inactive lesions of lichen planus. 810 Jan 22

This study was undertaken to determine whether oral lichen planus in otherwise healthy patients is associated with sialochemical abnormalities. Unstimulated and stimulated whole saliva, stimulated parotid saliva, and stimulated labial minor gland saliva were collected from 25 patients with oral lichen planus and from 25 age- and sex-matched controls. Flow rate and salivary concentrations of immunoglobulins A and G, albumin, amylase, lysozyme, lactoferrin, and total protein were determined by standard analytical techniques. Concentrations of inorganic components including sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, and phosphate were also measured. No significant differences were found between the lichen planus patients and the controls. These findings do not support an association between oral lichen planus and salivary dysfunction in otherwise healthy patients.
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PMID:Sialochemistry of whole, parotid, and labial minor gland saliva in patients with oral lichen planus. 1087 93