Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
 21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

IgA specific for 7 food and 6 airborne antigens were sought in the serum of 30 adult patients with IgA mesangial nephropathy (IgA GN), 23 with membranous nephropathy (MGN), 20 with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS), 11 with membranoproliferative GN (MPGN) and 22 healthy controls by means of an enzyme-linked immunoassay. The IgA subclass was determined using monoclonal antibodies. Increased levels of IgA specific for gliadin, bovine serum albumin (BSA), ovalbumin, lysozyme and alpha-lactalbumin were found in IgA GN, while increased levels of IgA to BSA, ovalbumin, lysozyme and alpha-lactalbumin were observed in MGN; IgA specific for alpha-lactalbumin were increased in INS, and MPGN patients had reduced levels of IgA to BSA and increased levels of IgA to beta-lactoglobulin and alpha-lactalbumin. These specific IgA to food antigens were restricted to the IgA1 subclass. Patients with IgA GN had significantly increased levels of IgA specific for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (DP) and Dactil while the MGN group showed increased levels of IgA specific for DP, feathers, Dactil and mold. INS patients had increased levels of IgA specific for DP, feathers, Dactil, mold and dog hairs, while MPGN patients had increased levels of IgA specific for feathers, Dactil, dog hairs and mold. All these specific IgA to airborne antigens were restricted to the IgA1 subclass. Patients with the four types of primary glomerulonephritis had decreased IgA specific for cat hairs which were of both the IgA1 and IgA2 subclasses. We conclude that anomalies of the IgA repertoire to environmental antigens are also encountered in primary glomerulonephritis other than IgA GN.
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PMID:Mucosal immunity in primary glomerulonephritis: II. Study of the serum IgA subclass repertoire to food and airborne antigens. 176 94

In 51 dogs with predominantly massive urinary protein loss, the daily loss was quantified and glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions from renal biopsies were characterised and graded using histology, immune fluorescence and electron microscopy. The highest median daily urinary protein loss occurred in dogs with membranous glomerulonephritis (median 380 mg kg-1 d-1) and renal amyloidosis (median 257 mg kg-1 d-1). Although in nine febrile dogs the urinary protein loss was transient, both glomerular and tubular lesions were diagnosed in five and seven of these dogs, respectively. The pattern of urinary proteins was determined using sodium dodecyl-sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The albumin fractional clearance (FC) was raised in 46 dogs, whereas the FCS of the low molecular weight (MW) protein fraction (MW less than 66,000) and high molecular weight protein fraction (MW more than 66,000) were raised in 42 and 28 dogs, respectively. Both the high molecular weight protein FC and albumin FC significantly correlated to the grade of glomerular lesions, whereas the low molecular weight protein FC only moderately significantly correlated to the grade of tubular lesions. The selectivity index, calculated as (formula; see text) did not differentiate between the various forms of glomerulopathies. The urinary lysozyme concentration was significantly correlated to the grade of tubular lesions. It is concluded that although quantitative and qualitative measurements of urinary proteins can provide additional clinical information, they do not have a reliable predictive value and histopathological examination of renal tissue is still necessary for the final diagnosis.
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PMID:Proteinuria in the dog: a clinicopathological study in 51 proteinuric dogs. 353 85

The presence of monocytes/macrophages (MPs) in renal glomeruli was investigated in 86 dogs with different types of glomerulopathies. The identification of MPs in tissue sections was based on cytological criteria and the immunohistochemical demonstration of lysozyme. The highest numbers of MPs in glomeruli were observed in focal and diffuse mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MesPGN), diffuse endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis (DEPGN), and diffuse mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis (DMCGN). In cases of minor glomerular abnormalities (MGA), focal and segmental hyalinosis and sclerosis (FGS), diffuse membranous glomerulonephritis (DMemGN), and diffuse sclerosing glomerulonephritis (DSGN) the presence of glomerular MPs was low. Particularly in MesPGN, the number of MPs was correlated with glomerular hypercellularity and, additionally in DMCGN, with the degree of proteinuria. The results of this study suggest that MPs may be involved in functional and morphological alterations in different types of canine glomerulopathies.
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PMID:Participation of monocytes and macrophages in canine glomerular disease. 765 16

Crosstalk between T cells and renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) in the pathogenesis of tubular lesions, the most important sign of progressive renal diseases, has not been clarified. Previous work has shown that TECs harbor co-stimulatory signals that promote T-cell activation, which induces tubular lesions. Nevertheless, the expression and functional role of B7-H4, a recently identified co-stimulatory ligand of the B7 superfamily, in pathologic human kidneys is unclear. We investigated the expression of B7-H4 on cryostat renal biopsies from patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (n=20), immunoglobulin A nephropathy (n=19), lupus nephritis (n=16), and acute renal allograft rejection (n=15) using immunohistochemistry. In addition, we also analyzed TEC-associated B7-H4 in the regulation of T-cell activation. Immunohistological staining revealed that B7-H4 antigen is restricted to tubular epithelium and that the protein is prominent in sections with severe tubular lesions, although no correlation was observed between tubular B7-H4 expression and levels of serum creatinine, serum urea nitrogen concentration, and 24-h proteinuria in each type of nephropathy. In vitro, mixed lymphocyte reactions revealed that TEC-related B7-H4 promotes cytokine (interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma) production and proliferation of co-cultured T cells. Interestingly, the secretion of interleukin-2 by C10 T cell hybridomas also increased when C10 cells were co-cultured with the B7-H4-transgenic murine TEC line, 3M-1-secreting tubular epithelial cells (MCT) in the presence of the antigen hen egg lysozyme. Our results clearly show that TEC-associated B7-H4 induces T-cell activation and we propose that B7-H4 is a potential activator that promotes tubular lesion.
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PMID:Expression of the novel co-stimulatory molecule B7-H4 by renal tubular epithelial cells. 1705 Nov 45