Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
 21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Surveillance for dysentery-related invasive potential in bacteria using the Sereny keratoconjunctivitis test is restricted by expense, time factor, and necessity for confirmation. Primary screening of isolates in a standardized mammalian cell culture system is recommended. Bacteria are grown 20 hr in veal infusion, washed, and resuspended in 20% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS) supplemented with 0.12% brain heart infusion and 0.1% bile salts. The HeLa culture is grown 20 hr as a monolayer in chamber slides with 90% minimal essential medium (MEM)-10% FBS. The host culture is infected at a ratio of 10 bacteria/mammalian cell for 3 hr at 35 degrees C. The infection medium is replaced with MEM-FBS supplemented with 300 microng lysozyme and 5 microng gentamycin/ml. The infected monolayer is incubated 5 hr at 35 degrees C to permit intracellular multiplication. Specimens are washed, fixed with methanol, and stained successively with May-Grunwald and Giemsa dyes. Bacteria occur within the cytoplasm if invasion has occurred. The criterion for a positive test is that 1% of the host cells possesses at least 5 bacteria in 2 of 3 trials. Invasiveness is correlated with and possibly preconditioned by cytotoxic principle(s). Infectivity rates vary from 0 to 30%. The cytopathic effect is noted in 5-50% of HeLa cells. Positive results must be confirmed by the Sereny test.
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PMID:Methodology for recognition of invasive potential of Escherichia coli. 32 15

A number of factors of nonspecific reactivity, i.e. complement, lysozyme, properdin, blood serum bactericidal activity, leucocyte phagocytal activity, phagocytal index and completed phagocytosis were studied on 160 guinea pigs with experimental typhoid fever, dysentery and staphylococcal infections. The data of the study showed that with the use of prodigiozan the non-specific reactivity of the host increased even within a short period of time. At the same time the pathological changes in the internal organs in their histochemical investigation decreased.
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PMID:[Stimulating effect of prodigiozan on nonspecific reactivity in typhoid fever, dysentery and staphylococcal infection]. 34 61

Interrelation between the level of the serum lysozyme and the count of the leucocytes, as well as the severity of the disease was found in testing of the peripheral blood of 133 patients with acute Sonnei and Flexner dysentery. It is recommended to use the lysozyme index in the clinical practice as one of the additional criteria for estimation of the severity of acute dysentery.
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PMID:[Interrelationship between the serum lysozyme level and the leukocyte count in Sonne and Flexner dysenteries]. 37 27

The level of total Enterobacterial Enterotoxins of the blood serum, of beta-lysins, lysozyme activity, complement and normal antibodies were studied in 191 patients with acute Flexner dysentery and in 285 patients with acute Sonne dysentery, depending on the period of the disease, its severity, the treatment applied, and the species of the causative agent. The level of the nonspecific humoral immunity factors increased before the treatment and its normalization depended on the treatment applied.
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PMID:[Changes of various factors of nonspecific humoral immunity in acute dysentery]. 79 32

Crossing experiments showed independence of the genetic determinants controlling the capacity of Sh. flexneri to synthesize the primary S-specific side chains (antigen 3,4) and to produce a lethal action on macrophages cultivated in vitro. Cytotoxicity was restored only in transmission to the R-strain of shigellae of the capacity to synthesize the antigenic factor 3,4 from the cyt+, but not from the cyt-- donor of Sh. flexneri. The determinant responsible for the synthesis of cytotoxin designated as cyt was mapped on the chromosome of shigellae near the rfb gene, controlling the synthesis of the group-specific factor 3,4. The rate of linkage of the cyt+ a 3,4+ was equal to 24.4%. Transductants of the his--cyt-- strain of Sh. flexneri of the S-chemotype acquired the capacity to produce a lethal action on the macrophages with the frequency of the contransduction his+cyt+ equal to 2%. Since the rough (his+R) hybrids of Sh. flexneri and the lysozyme spheroplasts obtained from the cytotoxic strain lost the cytotoxicity whereas the synthesis of the group-specific factor 3,4 provided by itself no lethal effect of the dysentery bacilli on the macrophages it could be supposed that cytotoxin represented an additional thermolabile (in connection with the sensitivity to the temperature action) part of the Sh. flexneri O-antigen.
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PMID:[Genetic control of the capacity of Sh. flexneri to exert a lethal effect on macrophages. II. Mapping of the cyt-determinant on the Shigella chromosome]. 110 29

Prospects for the correction of disturbances in the macrophagal system with a combination of lysozyme and vitamin E in patients with a protracted course of dysentery caused by Shigella flexneri 1b were studied. The phagocytic activity of macrophages (PAM) was found to be suppressed as early as at the beginning of the disease. Out of 38 persons repeatedly found to release shigellae 24 were administered polychemotherapy. PAM indices in patients treated with lysozyme and tocopherol acetate were likely to normalize, this being indicative of the positive effect of these preparations on the functional activity of the macrophagal system.
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PMID:[The clinical assessment of macrophage functional activity in patients with protracted dysentery and its correction with lysozyme and vitamin E]. 130 66

One hundred children with acute Sonnei and flexneri dysentery were followed up with respect to the infection process and main immunity indices. In 32 children the immunity indices were physiological (group 1) and in 68 children secondary immune deficiency was observed (group 2). The children were treated with aminoglycoside antibiotics and prodigiozan and it was stated that the time of recovery in the children with immune deficiency was longer by 5.2 days as compared to that in the children without immune deficiency. In the children with immune deficiency the combined use of one of the aminoglycosides, prodigiozan and lysozyme, led to a reduction of the host immunological reactivity and recovery within the same periods as those recorded for children with the physiological immunity status. It is recommended to use the antibiotic combination with prodigiozan and lysozyme in the treatment of all the forms of dysentery in children with secondary immune deficiency.
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PMID:[Antibiotic therapy of acute dysentery in children with immunologic deficiency conditions]. 205 23

The effect of subinhibitory doses of 25 antibiotics on the antilysozyme property of enterobacteria considered as a marker of their persistence was studied. This provided dividing the antibiotics into 3 groups: antibiotics increasing the bacterial capacity for lysozyme degradation, antibiotics indifferent with respect to this property and antibiotics decreasing it. Decreasing of the Salmonella antilysozyme activity by gentamicin under experimental conditions promoted suppression of the bacteria parasitism in Hep-2 cells. Clinical and laboratory studies on the effect of antibiotic therapy under the control of the time course of the antilysozyme property of the pathogen in patients with acute dysentery, pyelonephritis and inflammatory processes in the female genitalia showed that the use of the antibiotics increasing this property in the pathogen was not advisable which was confirmed by the absence of significant clinical improvement in the patients and necessity of prolonging the sanative period.
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PMID:[Bacterial antilysozyme activity and its regulation by antibiotics]. 367 41

The course of dysentery and the host immune responsiveness were studied in 171 children with acute Flexner's and Sonne dysentery. 67 children were treated with monomycin in combination with lysozyme and 104 children with monomycin alone. It was shown that the recovery period in children treated with monomycin and lysozyme was shorter as compared to that in children treated with monomycin alone. The immunity characteristics in children treated with monomycin were closer to the physiological values. It is concluded that lysozyme potentiates the antibiotic therapy in children with dysentery. It should be used combined with monomycin in the treatment of children irrespective of the age and the disease pattern. The treatment course with the use of monomycin in combination with lysozyme is reduced to 5 days.
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PMID:[Enhanced effectiveness of antibiotic therapy with an exogenous lysozyme in dysentery in children]. 393 8

Considerable changes in the humoral factors of the general and local immunity were revealed during examination of 53 patients. A raised IgA and IgM level and a lowered titer of normal antibodies to antitoxins of diphtheria and tetanus and to staphylococcus antigen were revealed in the patients' blood. The content for IgG, lysozyme and normal antibodies to the antigens of dysentery and whooping cough was normal. A significant rise of the level of IgA, IgG, titers of normal antibodies and a decrease in the lysozyme activity were observed in the saliva.
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PMID:[Humoral factors of general and local immunity in diabetes mellitus]. 408 63


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