Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Migration, phagocytosis and lysozyme production of peripheral monocytes from 36 patients with breast carcinoma was compared with a group of 36 healthy controls. A significant reduction in monocyte random migration and migration towards a chemotactic agent (P less than 0.001) was observed in patients with breast cancer. Furthermore monocyte phagocytic activity was also significantly decreased (P less than 0.001) in breast cancer patients compared to the controls. In contrast lysozyme production by peripheral monocytes was significantly increased in patients with breast cancer compared to controls (P less than 0.001). The changes in monocyte function in patients with breast carcinoma were not due to abnormal blood biochemistry or to direct continuous serum inhibitors, suggesting that the defect may be intrinsic. This defect in monocyte function may play an important role in the control of malignancies by cellular immune processes.
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PMID:Alteration in monocyte function in patients with breast cancer. 366 57

The differential effects of the i.v. administration of egg-white lysozyme on primary tumor growth and on the formation of spontaneous and artificial lung metastases have been determined in mice bearing two rodent metastasizing tumors: Lewis lung carcinoma and MCa mammary carcinoma. The depression of metastasis formation was particularly pronounced at 50 and 100 mg/kg/day given on days 1,5,10,15 after tumor transplantation, causing a correspondent prolongation of the life-span of the animals carrying artificial induced lung metastases. Contact between tumor cells and egg-white lysozyme seems at least partially responsible for the observed antitumor effects, although no direct cytotoxicity for tumor cells has been detected yet.
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PMID:Antineoplastic effects of egg-white lysozyme in mice bearing solid metastasizing tumors. 370 53

Peripheral monocyte migration, phagocytosis and lysozyme production has been investigated in 46 patients with colorectal malignancies. The diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma was based on clinical, radiological, and endoscopic examinations and confirmed histopathologically after removal of the tumour. The results were compared with a group of 36 normal healthy controls. Monocytes from patients with colorectal malignancies displayed reduced migration towards the chemotactic agent (P less than 0.001), random migration (P less than 0.001), and phagocytic activity (P less than 0.01) compared to normal controls. Lysozyme production by monocytes from patients with colorectal malignancies was significantly increased (P less than 0.01) compared to control subjects. The impairment in monocyte function in patients with colorectal carcinoma was not due to direct serum factors or to abnormal blood biochemistry, suggesting that the defect is intrinsic to the monocytes. These results suggest that an impairment in monocyte function may play an important role in the control of malignancies by cellular immune processes.
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PMID:The effect of colorectal malignancies on monocyte migration, lysozyme production, and phagocytosis. 378 Sep 90

We describe an unusual type of carcinoma of the parotid gland in a 67-year-old man. Because of rapid tumor growth, radical parotidectomy was done. Light microscopic study of the tumor revealed focal gland formation with transition to anaplastic carcinoma. Among the undifferentiated mononuclear cells and bizarre large cells were scattered many osteoclastlike multinucleated giant cells. Immunohistochemical studies on paraffin sections revealed positive staining for epithelial membrane antigen in the epithelial component; however, the multinucleated giant cells were clearly negative for this antigen. Reactions for other cell constituents (carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, Leu-M1, Leu-M3, lysozyme, and factor VIII-related antigen) were negative in both epithelial and giant cell components of the tumor. Electron microscopy revealed poorly formed cell junctions and numerous microvilli on the surface of the mononuclear tumor cells and multinucleated giant cells, features considered not of diagnostic significance. Similar to carcinomas with osteoclastlike multinucleated giant cells in other organs, this parotid gland tumor has shown clinical and morphologic evidence of aggressive growth; pulmonary metastases developed and the patient died 28 months after radical surgery.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the parotid gland with osteoclastlike giant cells. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural observations. 383 77

One of the major proteins secreted by an established human colon adenocarcinoma cell line has been isolated in 25% yield from the serum-free medium in which the cells were grown and identified as lysozyme. Its purification was achieved by sequential steps of acidification, cation-exchange chromatography, and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. It was recognized to be a human lysozyme on the basis of its molecular weight (14 000), isoelectric point (10.5), amino acid composition, and enzymatic activity. Its identity with previously characterized human lysozymes was established by amino-terminal sequence, peptide composition, immunological properties, NMR, and crystallography. A 4-day, 7-L collection of conditioned medium contained 20.3 mg of secreted protein of which 4.9 mg or approximately 24% of the total was tumor-derived lysozyme. The intracellular level of lysozyme was approximately 18 ng per 10(6) carcinoma cells. The possible significance of these findings in regard to the malignant process and tumor maintenance is discussed.
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PMID:Lysozyme: a major secretory product of a human colon carcinoma cell line. 392 8

Four cases of lymphoma of the breast are described seen over a period of 2 years amongst 362 cases of breast carcinoma and one of carcinosarcoma. All four were diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, two of IgM-Kappa secreting follicle centre cell and two of histiocyte origin. Routine histological and enzyme histochemical methods were unhelpful but the application of a panel of antisera for the demonstration of immunoglobulin heavy and light chains, lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin as well as carcinoembryonic antigen and epithelial membrane antigen, enabled a confident diagnosis to be made. Primary lymphoma of the breast may not be a rare disease and the possibility exists that it is misdiagnosed as anaplastic carcinoma as indeed two of these cases were on the initial biopsies. Correct diagnosis is essential so that appropriate treatment may be applied.
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PMID:Primary lymphoma of the breast. 392 71

Forty-nine biopsy specimens of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 20 biopsy specimens of nasopharyngeal mucosa obtained from non-cancer patients were studied for the presence of T-zone histiocytes (Langerhans' cells and their precursors) and macrophages by immunohistochemical methods with the use of antibodies against S-100 protein and lysozyme (lys), respectively. Patients with dense infiltration of T-zone histiocytes in the primary sites survived longer than those without such infiltration (mean survival times, 8, 39, and 72 months in the patients with the density of -, +, and ++, respectively; P less than 0.005). In contrast, there was no relationship between patient prognosis and density of lys+ macrophages in the tumor tissue (P = 0.33). The distribution of T-zone histiocytes in the tumor tissue was different from that of macrophages. T-zone histiocytes may play an important role in the immune reaction against cancer, probably acting through mechanism different from that of macrophages.
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PMID:Histiocytes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma in relation to prognosis. 394 Jun 9

The heterogeneity of histiocytes in primary lung cancer was investigated by immunohistochemical methods using anti-S100 protein and anti-lysozyme antibodies on paraffin sections and OKT-6 monoclonal antibody on frozen sections. T-zone histiocytes (Langerhans cells and their precursors stained by anti-S100 protein and/or OKT-6 monoclonal antibodies) heavily infiltrated tumor tissues and regional lymph nodes in cases of moderately or well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, especially in areas of papillary growth or bronchiolo-alveolar pattern. These cells were interspersed amongst tumor cells showing dendritic figures and were occasionally present in squamous cell carcinoma. However, they were seldom found in other histological types, particularly in small cell carcinoma and carcinoid tumor. The distribution of these cells was different from that of lysozyme-positive macrophages. In this connection, T-zone histiocytes were thought to have a different immunological function from that of the monocyte-macrophage series against lung cancer. The closely similar reactivity of T-zone histiocytes with anti-S100 protein and OKT-6 monoclonal antibodies indicated that these two markers can be employed for paraffin and frozen sections, respectively.
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PMID:Heterogeneity of histiocytes in primary lung cancer stained with anti-S100 protein, lysozyme and OKT 6 antibodies. 608 77

Eighteen argyrophil cell carcinomas in 101 early gastric carcinomas were explained histologically, ultrastructurally, and immunohistochemically for polypeptides, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), lysozyme, and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG). Seven of these 18 tumors had gastrin, and two of seven tumors also contained somatostatin. In all of these 18 tumors CEA were demonstrated. Seven had lysozyme and five of seven tumors also contained gastrin; hCG were present in four of the 18 tumors and two of four tumors had gastrin, CA, mucin, and lysozyme simultaneously. Argentaffin cells were found in seven of 18 tumors. Of the above seven tumors containing gastrin, three had argentaffin cells. Ultrastructurally, several types of secretory granules were noted and tumor cells resembling D1- or P cells were present in nine of the 18 tumors. Macroscopically, many of the tumors showed IIc or IIc + III type. Histologically, the 18 tumors consisted of six well differentiated adenocarcinomas and 12 poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas including signet-ring cell carcinoma. These 12 tumors frequently developed in the stomach of young females. In view of our previous investigations, it was suggested that the IIc-type argyrophil cell carcinoma histologically showing poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma may be related to scirrhous carcinoma of the stomach.
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PMID:Argyrophil cells in early gastric carcinoma: an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study. 617 41

The light microscopic, electron microscopic and histochemical features of a highly malignant colonic tumor resected from a 39 year old man are presented. The tumor was composed predominantly of undifferentiated cells with focally admixed neuroendocrine, exocrine and squamous cells, occasionally arranged in an organoid manner. Histochemically the tumor contained argyrophilic cells as well as cells that reacted positively with the antibodies to alpha-1-antitrypsin, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, carcinoembryonic antigen and lysozyme. The term "stem cell carcinoma of the intestine" is proposed for this highly malignant tumor composed of undifferentiated cells exhibiting only focally their multidirectional developmental capacity.
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PMID:Undifferentiated carcinoma of the colon containing exocrine, neuroendocrine and squamous cells. 619 29


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