Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Adenoma malignum of the uterine cervix (mucinous type of minimal deviation adenocarcinoma, mucinous MDA), is a unique neoplasm that is difficult to diagnose owing to the deceptively benign appearance of the tumour cells. The present study was undertaken to explore the phenotypic expression of this tumour compared with those of non-neoplastic cervical tissues and of cervical carcinomas of various types. Ten cases of mucinous MDA, 50 cases with non-neoplastic cervical tissues, 13 of cervical adenocarcinoma including the mucinous (endocervical or intestinal type) and endometrioid types, and 2 of mucoepidermoid carcinoma were examined by various histochemical staining methods, including those for gastric mucins, pepsinogen, lysozyme, chromogranin A and carcinoembryonic antigen. The results revealed that mucinous MDA characteristically exhibited gastric phenotypes. The presence of gastric metaplasia was also demonstrated in 9 cases of mucinous MDA and in 5 of the other cases examined. The 7 endocervical-type adenocarcinomas also included 4 that expressed gastric phenotypes, and 2 of the 3 intestinal-type adenocarcinomas showed the same properties focally. These results indicate the presence of a group of lesions expressing gastric phenotypes in the uterine cervix and suggest a close relationship between these lesions. Cervical adenocarcinomas expressing gastric phenotypes are probably derived from MDA.
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PMID:A new view of the so-called adenoma malignum of the uterine cervix. 956 40

Human acinic cell adenocarcinoma cell (HACC) line was established from the pleural effusion that contains metastatic tumor cells of acinic cell adenocarcinoma of papillary and microcystic type originating from the parotid gland. The HACC cells grew in an adherent monolayer with a doubling time of 66 h. Implanted tumor of SCID mice revealed similar histological findings to that of the primary tumor. The HACC cells produced mucin and expressed epithelial markers as well as alpha1-antitrypsin and lysozyme, whereas salivary peptide P-C was expressed in cultured HACC cells but not in the primary and implanted HACC cell tumors. S-100 protein was also expressed in both the primary tumor and HACC cell line. Neither amplification of common oncogenes nor expression of p53 was observed. The receptor for epidermal growth factor (EGF) was expressed, indicating EGF and transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) enhanced the growth of the HACC line. Unexpectedly, tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-alpha) also enhanced the growth of the HACC line significantly. However, there was no evidence of autocrine growth using these growth factors. In contrast, TGF-beta1 inhibited the growth of the HACC cell line through apoptosis. The HACC cell line has features similar to both acinar and intercalated ductal cells of the salivary gland. Epidermal growth factor, TGF-alpha and TNF-alpha are potential growth factors for the HACC cell line. The HACC cell line may be a good model for studying the biological behavior of salivary gland neoplasms.
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PMID:Characterization of a newly established human acinic cell adenocarcinoma cell line (HACC) originating from the salivary gland: morphological features and role of various growth factors on the growth of the HACC cell line. 978 63

A 74-year-old Japanese man developed a reddish, indurated plaque composed of multiple nodules on his right axilla. Histopathologic examination showed a solid tumor that extended from the upper dermis into the subcutis, with both inter- and intracellular lumen formation, cellular arrangement in single files, a fibrotic reaction around the tumor cells, and the presence of mucinous material in the cytoplasm. There was both nuclear and cytoplasmic pleomorphism. Both lysozyme and GCDFP-15 were identified in the tumor cells. Electron microscopic examination showed periluminal condensation of the cytoplasm. Because thorough clinical and laboratory examinations were unremarkable, we regarded this to be a case of primary adenocarcinoma with signet ring cells of the axilla. The neoplasm might have differentiated toward the apocrine sweat glands or the mammary glands. Radiation therapy was effective to some degree. This seems to be the first reported case in which adenocarcinoma with signet ring cells of the skin affected a site other than the eyelids.
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PMID:Adenocarcinoma with signet ring cells of the axilla showing apocrine features: a case report. 1002 25

We performed molecular biological studies as well as immunohistochemical analysis of three cases of giant cell carcinoma of the pancreas. Histologically, one case was a pleomorphic giant cell carcinoma consisting of pleomorphic giant/ small cells and spindle cells, one an osteoclast-like giant cell tumor composed of osteoclastoid giant cells and pleomorphic small cells, and one a pleomorphic giant cell carcinoma with osteoclastoid giant cells. Immunohistochemically, pleomorphic giant cells and small pleomorphic cells were positive for epithelial and mesenchymal markers throughout the cases. Osteoclastoid cells were strongly positive for PG-M1 (CD68), but negative for lysozyme and epithelial markers. Pleomorphic spindle cells showed the same immunoreactivity as pleomorphic giant/small cells. Genetically, all cases contained a mutation in the K-ras (codons 12, 13) oncogene, but neither p53 (exons 5-8) nor p16INK4 (exons 1, 2) gene mutations were found in any case. Furthermore, Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of the p53, p161NK4. APC, and DPC4 gene loci was not found in any of the cases. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated this tumor to be of epithelial origin with mesenchymal differentiation. Genetically, initiation of the tumor is similar to that of usual ductal adenocarcinoma, but progression might be rather different. The peculiar histologic and biologic features of this tumor would be the result of changes in other functional genes.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical and molecular analysis of giant cell carcinoma of the pancreas: a report of three cases. 1020 90

The aim of the present investigation was to examine the effects of the lysozyme derivative mPEG-lyso (hen egg-white lysozyme coupled with polyoxyethylenglycol), on TS/A adenocarcinoma cell line in vivo and in vitro. mPEG-lyso reduces the number of ICAM-1+ and E-cadherin+ cells of TS/A adenocarcinoma cell line in vitro, and causes a marked decrease of spontaneous lung metastases in vivo. In both cases, mPEG-lyso reduces the number of tumour cells in sythesis and pre-mitotic phases. In connection with the reduction of cells expressing adhesion molecules, mPEG-lyso reduces the number of infiltrating leukocytes in the primary tumour in vivo and reduces the binding capacity of splenocytes to tumour cells in vitro. These data stress, for the first time, that the in vivo control of mPEG-lyso on lung metastasis formation of solid metastasising tumours may be due to a combination of effects on tumour cells in addition to those on host's immune system.
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PMID:In vitro down regulation of ICAM-1 and E-cadherin and in vivo reduction of lung metastases of TS/A adenocarcinoma by a lysozyme derivative. 1049 77

Histochemical staining has shown that so-called adenoma malignum (the mucinous type of minimal deviation adenocarcinoma [mucinous MDA]) of the uterine cervix expresses gastric phenotypes. The present ultrastructural study was undertaken to explore the fine structure and phenotypic expression of this tumor, and to make comparisons with normal cervical glands and gastric pyloric mucosa. Post-embedding, double-immunogold staining for gastric gland mucous cell mucin (HIK1083-reactive mucin) and lysozyme revealed localization exclusively to the matrix and to the core of the mucin granules, respectively, both in mucinous MDA and gastric pyloric mucosa. Mucin granules of normal cervical gland cells lacked core structures and showed no immunoreactivity with HIK1083 or lysozyme. Thus, mucinous MDA was confirmed to be a tumor expressing gastric phenotypes ultrastructurally. Both markers should be useful for the identification of tumor cells.
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PMID:Ultrastructural features of adenoma malignum of the uterine cervix: demonstration of gastric phenotypes. 1062 87

AIM:To study the distribution of arylsulfatase,beta-galactosidase and lysozyme in gastric cancer cells, and its relationship to differentiation and invasion of gastric cancer cells.METHODS: Histochemical, immunohistochemical and ruthenium red (RR) electrocytochemical technique for three types of hydrolases and proteoglycans in pericancerous matrix in 33 cases of gastric cancer were observed under light and electron microscopy.RESULTS:The expression intensities of arylsulfatase,beta-glactosidase and lysozyme in mucinous cell carcinomas were more intensive than those in well-differentiated and poorly-differentiated adenocar-cinomas (P < 0.05-0.01). The fibrous tissues smooth muscle and proteoglycans close to the cancer cells were degraded. They were found in the region far from the cancer cells. Expression of three enzymes mentioned above was low in adenocarcinoma cells, and fibrous tissues and RR granules were present and intact near the well-differentiated and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma cells.CONCLUSION: Mucinous cell carcinoma may release various hydrolases into extra-cellular matrix, inducing degradation of pericancerous matrix and facilitating cancer cell invasion and metastasis.
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PMID:Arylsulfatase, betagalactosidase and lysozyme in gastric cancer cells and its relationship to invasion. 1181 31

Mucinous-type adenocarcinoma and non-mucinous-type adenocarcinoma are known to be the representative histological subtypes of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. Mucinous-type adenocarcinoma is also known to carry abnormalities of the K- ras gene at high frequency. However, the mixed subtype of the both mucinous-type and non-mucinous-type adenocarcinoma (mixed-type) has not been analyzed in detail, although its existence has been reported in a few papers. In this study we carried out immunohistochemical and molecular biological analyses of 15 examples of the mixed-type, in comparison with 11 cases of mucinous-type and 21 cases of non-mucinous-type adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemically, lysozyme - one of the specific markers of mucinous-type adenocarcinoma - was not stained in the mucinous component of the mixed-type. K- ras gene mutations were detected only in mucinous-type (73%) and non-mucinous-type (10%) adenocarcinomas and not in either the mucinous or non-mucinous component of the mixed-type (0%). Therefore, although mixed-type adenocarcinomas consist of tumor cells showing both mucinous and non-mucinous morphology, the mucinous component of this type differs from mucinous-type adenocarcinoma in terms of immunohistochemical features and K- ras gene alteration.
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PMID:Mixed mucinous-type and non-mucinous-type adenocarcinoma of the lung: immunohistochemical examination and K- ras gene mutation. 1207 May 99

Lactoferrin and lysozyme are important antimicrobial compounds of airway surface liquid, derived predominantly from serous cells of submucosal glands but also from surface epithelium. Here we compared release of these compounds from the following human cell cultures: primary cultures of tracheal epithelium (HTE), Calu-3 cells (a lung adenocarcinoma cell line frequently used as a model of serous gland cells), 16HBE14o- cells (an SV40 transformed line from airway surface epithelium), T84 cells (a colon carcinoma cell line), and human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF). For lysozyme, baseline secretory rates were in the order Calu-3 > 16HBE14o- > HTE T84 > HFF = 0; for lactoferrin, the only cell type showing measurable release was HTE; for mucus, HTE > Calu-3 > 16HBE14o- T84 > HFF = 0. A wide variety of neurohumoral agents and inflammatory stimuli was without effect on lactoferrin and lysozyme release from HTE or Calu-3 cells, although forskolin did stimulate secretion of water and lysozyme from Calu-3 cells. However, the concentration of lysozyme in the forskolin-induced secretions was much less than in airway gland secretions. Thus our data cast doubt on the utility of Calu-3 cells as a model of airway serous gland cells but do suggest that HTE could prove highly suitable for studies of mucin synthesis and release.
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PMID:Secretion of lactoferrin and lysozyme by cultures of human airway epithelium. 1500 37

We describe a Paneth cell carcinoma arising within the ampulla of Vater in a 64-year-old man. The phenotype of virtually all neoplastic cells was consistent with that of Paneth cells, based on routine morphology and their strong positive immunostaining for lysozyme. Additional widespread positive immunostaining for carcinoembryonic antigen and CA 19.9 supports a totipotential cell as the origin of such neoplastic cells. This case, therefore, represents a true Paneth cell carcinoma, as opposed to inclusion of occasional neoplastic Paneth cells into a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. This pattern of differentiation is rare, and predictions regarding its ultimate biological behavior and malignant potential must be guarded.
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PMID:Paneth cell carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater. 1527 Jun 8


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