Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.2.1.17 (lysozyme)
21,489 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Statistics from a 64 case study showed that mucinous adenocarcinoma was apt to invade the intestinal wall and to metastasize to lymph nodes (P < 0.05). The activity of arylsulfatase and lysozyme of mucinous adenocarcinoma was stronger than that of the papillary and tubular adenocarcinoma (P < 0.05). In RR staining for electron microscopic observation, a significant decrease of proteoglycan granules was found in the surrounding matrix of mucinous adenocarcinoma, which correlated with the amount of arylsulfatase and lysozyme secreted by mucinous adenocarcinoma. These enzymes reduced the degree of sulfation in heparan sulfate and degraded proteoglycans. The proteoglycan structural barrier having been destroyed, facilitates mucinous adenocarcinoma to infiltrate and metastasize.
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PMID:[A study on the mechanism of invasion of colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma]. 787 65

The first case of mucosal spreading adenocarcinoma at the hilum of the lung is presented. The patient was a 72 year old Japanese male smoker. The carcinoma was located at the right main bronchus with involvement of the apical, posterior and anterior segmental bronchi. The tumor consisted of stratified oval or polygonal cells and signet ring cells spreading along the bronchial mucosa in an in situ fashion with extension down the bronchial gland ducts and acini. Only a small micro-invasive focus not extending beyond the bronchial cartilage was seen. Immunohistochemically, the tumor was positive for lysozyme but negative for lactoferrin and PE-10 indicating that this tumor was possibly showing goblet cell differentiation.
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PMID:Mucosal spreading adenocarcinoma at the hilar portion of the lung. 831 Aug 29

alpha 1-Antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT) is an acute phase plasma protein predominantly derived from the liver which inhibits neutrophil elastase. Previous studies have suggested that alpha 1-AT is also expressed in human enterocytes because alpha 1-AT mRNA could be detected in human jejunum by RNA blot analysis, and alpha 1-AT synthesis could be detected in a human intestinal adenocarcinoma cell line Caco2, which spontaneously differentiates into villous-like enterocytes in tissue culture. To definitively determine that the alpha 1-AT gene is expressed in human enterocytes in vivo, we examined tissue slices of human jejunum and ileum by in situ hybridization. The results demonstrate specific hybridization to enterocytes from the bases to the tips of the villi. Although there was no hybridization to enterocytes in most of the crypt epithelium, there was intense specific hybridization in one region of the crypt. Double-label immunohistochemical studies showed that alpha 1-AT and lysozyme co-localized to this region, indicating that it represented Paneth cells. Finally, there was a marked increase in hybridization to alpha 1-AT mRNA in villous enterocytes and Paneth cells in Crohn's disease. The results of this study provide definitive evidence that alpha 1-AT is expressed in human jejunal and ileal enterocytes in vivo, and show that alpha 1-AT is also a product of Paneth cells. Together with the results of other studies, these data raise the possibility that alpha 1-AT detected in fecal alpha 1-AT clearance assays for diagnosing protein-losing enteropathies is predominantly derived from sloughed enterocytes.
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PMID:Cell-specific expression of alpha 1-antitrypsin in human intestinal epithelium. 840 56

We report one case of Paneth cell-like change of prostate cancer. An 81-year-old male reported to our hospital with the chief complaint of urinary retention. The serum concentration of prostate specific antigen, 168 ng/ml, was high, and digital examination was performed. Because we suspected prostate cancer, needle biopsy of the prostate was performed. Histological examination revealed moderately-poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Computed tomography revealed no invasion to the prostatic wall and no metastasis to the lymph node. 99mTc-HMDP revealed no bone metastasis. We chose intravenous hormonotherapy (fosfestrol 500 mg/day, 20 days), but urinary retention did not improve. Therefore, we performed transurethral prostatectomy to improve the symptoms. Histological examination of the removed specimen revealed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma with Paneth cell-like change. Immunochemical and histochemical stains were positive for Grimelius, serotonin and prostatic acid phosphatase and negative for periodic acid-Schiff reaction, lysozyme, neuron specific enolase, prostate specific antigen, alpha-1-antitrypsin and IgA.
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PMID:[A case report of prostate cancer with Paneth cell-like change]. 853 93

A peculiar form of reactive, non-granulomatous proliferation of CD68+ histiocytes was demonstrated, for the first time, in the submucosal layer just beneath the IIa-type early gastric adenocarcinoma that focally invaded submucosal lymphatics. The histiocytic cells possessed plump eosinophilic and often foamy cytoplasm and eccentric small nuclei with apparent nucleoli. They contained periodic acid-Schiff-reactive granules, and were further immunoreactive for lysozyme and alpha 1-antitrypsin. The infiltration was ill-defined, and partly involved the tunica muscularis mucosae and the proper muscle layer. Markers of epithelial cells, Langerhans' histiocytes, smooth muscle cells and myofibroblasts were all negative.
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PMID:CD68+ reactive histiocytosis complicating early gastric cancer. 854 45

We investigated immunohistochemically the localization of lysozyme and Leu M1 in normal skin, 76 cases of benign sweat gland tumors, 28 cases of malignant sweat gland tumors, 23 cases of extramammary Paget's disease, 7 cases of sebaceous carcinoma, 6 cases of malignant trichilemmoma, 10 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, and 10 cases of basal cell carcinoma and compared the results with those for gross cystic disease fluid protein (GCDFP)-15 to assess the sensitivity and specificity of our assay conditions for apocrine differentiation. Normal apocrine glands were stained with all three antibodies, while eccrine glands were positive only for GCDFP-15, and other portions of normal skin were not stained with any of the antibodies used. In neoplastic tissue thought to be from apocrine tumors, antibodies raised against lysozyme and GCDFP-15 had a greater specificity (100%) for apocrine differentiation, while Leu M1 had a greater sensitivity (88%). Tissues that were stained with two or three of these antibodies appeared to exhibit apocrine differentiation. In the tumors examined, the specificity for apocrine differentiation was 100% and the sensitivity for such differentiation was 92% by these criteria. According to these criteria, some cases of syringocystadenoma papilliferum, primary mucinous carcinoma of the skin, and extramammary Paget's disease with underlying adenocarcinoma showed apocrine differentiation.
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PMID:An immunohistochemical study of lysozyme, CD-15 (Leu M1), and gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 in various skin tumors. Assessment of the specificity and sensitivity of markers of apocrine differentiation. 859 33

We present a rare case of a 31-year-old woman with a mucinous ovarian tumor with sarcoma-like mural nodules. The epithelial elements consisted of a mixture of benign, borderline-malignant, and mucinous adenocarcinoma; the sarcoma-like mural nodules consisted of pleomorphic and epulis-like cells. The lesion was resected for an ovarian tumor. In an immunohistochemical study, these cells stained for lysozyme and vimentin. The patient received 2 courses of cisplatin (100 mg/m2). There was no evidence of disease at a second-look laparotomy after 1 year, and none upon examination 6 years after the initial operation. The mural nodules might be of non-epithelial origin. The prognosis of patients with this rare lesion appears favorable, according to this and previous reports.
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PMID:Ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma with sarcoma-like mural nodules. 862 93

We report that the enterocytic cells of the HT-29 glc-/+ cell subpopulation strongly expressed two antimicrobial enzymes: the lysozyme and alpha1-antitrypsin. Moreover, we found that 20 to 30% of these cells expressed positive immunoreactivity using the mAbs directed against the gut porcine PR-39 and cecropin P1 antimicrobial peptides, but did not express immunreactivity against the human antimicrobial polymorphonucleated neutrophil-associated HNP 1-3 defensin and the Xenopus skin magainin. The HT-29 glc-/+ cell subpopulation develops bacteriolytic activity against the enterovirulent diffusely adhering C1845 Escherichia coli characterized by dramatic alterations of the bacterial cell, suggesting lysis, and bacterial death. In contrast, no expression of immunoreactivity against the antimicrobial peptides and no C1845 bacterial alteration were found in the cultured human embryonic undifferentiated INT407 cells and the colon adenocarcinoma T84 crypt cells. The development of the bacterial alteration and the expression of the antimicrobial components were examined as a function of the cell differentiation using the Caco-2 cell line which spontaneously differentiates in culture. We found that the bacterial alteration and the expression of the PR-39 immunoreactivity are differentiation-associated events. Altogether, our results suggest that in the intestine the enterocytes could develop antimicrobial defenses participating in the protection of the gut epithelium against enterovirulent microorganisms.
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PMID:Differentiation-associated antimicrobial functions in human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines. 866 Sep 42

Five cases of pronounced histiocytic reaction in pelvic lymph nodes after hip replacement are demonstrated. Two patients subsequently underwent radical prostatectomies with bilateral lymph node dissections for adenocarcinoma. In three patients, the change was found during autopsy. The sinuses and interfollicular spaces were distended by numerous large macrophages that had bulky eosinophilic cytoplasm. The cells displayed immunoreactivity to KP1 antigen, alpha-1-antitrypsin and lysozyme, providing support for their histiocytic derivation. Polarization microscopy revealed birefringent needle-like particles in their cytoplasm. We think that the histologic appearance of lymph nodes represents a foreign body reaction to fragments of polyester or polyethylene derived from joint prostheses. It is necessary to be aware of this characteristic foreign body reaction in order to avoid confusion with other types of lymph node histiocytosis or with a metastatic tumor.
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PMID:Histiocytosis of regional lymph nodes associated with hip replacement. 948 50

Seven cases of mucus-producing bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, which showed organoid differentiation simulating the gastric pyloric mucosa, were found among 176 cases of lung cancer. This type of adenocarcinoma, which corresponds to bronchioloalveolar carcinoma with mucus-secreting cells in the World Health Organization classification, characteristically formed papillary structures composed of two types of mucus cells: tall columnar cells in the upper portion of the papillary structure and more cuboidal cells in the lower portion. The former contained gastric surface mucous cell-type mucins that stained with galactose oxidase-cold thionine Schiff, whereas the latter possessed gastric gland mucous cell-type mucins specifically stained by paradoxical concanavalin A and were also positive for lysozyme and pepsinogen II by immunostaining. Chromogranin A-reactive tumor cells were also scattered among these tumor cells. This pattern of mucus-secreting cells, therefore, simulated the normal pyloric mucosa of the stomach.
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PMID:Mucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma with organoid differentiation simulating the pyloric mucosa of the stomach: clinicopathologic, histochemical, and immunohistochemical analysis. 953 96


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