Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.15 (pectinase)
 2,440 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The cell wall acts as the first line of defense during pathogen invasion. Polygalacturonases (PGs) are a class of cell-wall-modifying enzymes with precise temporal and organ-specific expression. A 350-bp fragment with high homology to PGs was identified by differential display (DD) analysis of soybean cyst nematode (SCN) race 3 resistant PI 437654 and susceptible cultivar Essex. The fragment was strongly expressed in Essex, 2 days after inoculation (DAI). Complete coding sequences of two PG cDNAs, PG1 and PG2, were isolated by 3' and 5' rapid amplification of cDNA ends polymerase chain reaction (RACE PCR). PI 437654 and Essex had identical PG1 and PG2 sequences. A transversion from A to C created a PstI restriction site in the PG2 cDNA that was used to distinguish the two PG cDNAs by cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) analysis. A cDNA encoding a polygalacturonase-inhibitor protein (PGIP) that is 89% identical to the Phaseolus vulgaris PGIP was isolated from soybean roots by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. Steady-state levels of PG and PGIP were investigated by RNA gel blot analysis in roots 1 to 5 DAI and in hypocotyls and leaves. Differences in the constitutive levels of PG mRNAs were observed in roots of different soybean genotypes. Steady-state levels of PG mRNAs were enhanced during compatible interactions with SCN and reduced in incompatible interactions and in mechanically wounded roots. Enhanced PGIP transcription was observed in response to mechanical wounding in both PI 437654 and Essex, but only in compatible interactions with SCN, suggesting uncoupling of PGIP functions in developmental and stress cues. Constitutive expression in incompatible interactions shows PGIP is not a factor in SCN resistance. Thus, the up-regulation of endogenous PG transcription in soybean roots early after SCN infection could facilitate successful parasitism by SCN.
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PMID:Polygalacturonase and polygalacturonase inhibitor protein: gene isolation and transcription in Glycine max-Heterodera glycines interactions. 1035

The polygalacturonase (PG)-encoding gene (rpg1) of Rhizopus oryzae, the causal pathogen of rhizopus rot of mulberry, was cloned and sequenced. PGs were partially purified from incubation mixture of 2% pectin medium and their N-terminal amino acid sequences were determined by a gas-phase protein sequencer. RT-PCR was performed using degenerate primers designed from the amino acid sequences, which resulted in part of a PG-encoding gene being obtained. By 3'-RACE and TAIL-PCR analyses, the entire region of the PG-encoding gene was cloned and sequenced. The structural gene comprised 1199 bp coding for 383 amino acids with a putative signal peptide of 26 amino acids, and the open reading frame was interrupted by single intron of 47 bp. Phylogenetic analysis using the deduced amino acid sequence revealed that R. oryzae RPG1 belonged to a clade consisting of exo-PGs of ascomycete fungi.
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PMID:Cloning and characterization of a gene rpg1 encoding polygalacturonase of Rhizopus oryzae. 1575 76

Exopolysaccharide and several extracellular enzymes of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), the causative agent of black rot in crucifers, are virulence factors. In this study, sequence and mutational analysis has demonstrated that Xcc pehA encodes the major polygalacturonase, a member of family 28 of the glycosyl hydrolases. Using the 5' RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends) method, the pehA transcription initiation site was mapped at 102 nt downstream of a Clp (cAMP receptor protein-like protein)-binding site. Transcriptional fusion assays showed that pehA transcription is greatly induced by polygalacturonic acid, positively regulated by Clp and RpfF (an enoyl-CoA hydratase homologue which is required for the synthesis of cis-11-methyl-2-dodecenoic acid, a low-molecular-mass diffusible signal factor), subjected to catabolite repression, which is independent of Clp or RpfF, and repressed under conditions of oxygen limitation or nitrogen starvation. Our findings extend previous work on Clp and RpfF regulation to show that they both influence the expression of pehA in Xcc.
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PMID:Regulation of the pehA gene encoding the major polygalacturonase of Xanthomonas campestris by Clp and RpfF. 1831 17