Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.2.1.108 (lactase)
 2,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Inability to absorb lactose due to low intestinal lactase is common in many population groups. This study is the first to compare lactose tolerance in 282 Mexican-American (MA) children and 51 Anglo-American (AA) children 2 to 14 years of age with the dietary intake of selected nutrients found in milk. A lactose tolerance test and a 24-hr dietary recall were obtained for each child. Gastrointestinal symptoms were carefully recorded for a 24-hr period following the lactose load. Overall prevalence of lactose malabsorption was 37% in MA children and 8% in AA children, and it increased with age. Number of symptoms occurring in lactose malabsorbers of both ethnic groups also increased with age. Mean protein intake exceeded Recommended Dietary Allowances at all ages for both ethnic groups. Mean consumption of vitamin A, calcium, and energy was below the Recommended Dietary Allowance for MA children. There were no differences in calories, nutrient, or milk intakes between lactose absorbers and malabsorbers, but AA children drank more milk than MA children. Fifteen percent of lactose-absorbing MA, 23% of malabsorbing MA, but no AA children reported having symptoms after drinking milk. There was a significantly greater incidence of lactose intolerance in MA as compared to AA children. This suggests that Mexican-Americans share in the high incidence of primary lactose intolerance characteristic of the majority of the orld's peoples.
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PMID:Lactose malabsorption in Mexican-American children. 94 57

Lactose intolerance refers to symptoms related to the consumption of lactose-containing dairy foods, which are the most common source for this disaccharide. While four causes are described, the most common is the genetically-determined adult onset lactose maldigestion due to loss of intestinal lactase governed by control of the gene by a 14,000 kb promoter region on chromosome 2. Gastrointestinal symptoms from lactose have expanded to include systemic effects and have also been confounded by other food intolerances or functional gastrointestinal disorders. Partly because lactose maldigestion is often interpreted as lactose intolerance (symptoms), focus of therapy for these symptoms starts with lactose restriction. However, withholding of dairy foods completely is not appropriate due to a more favorable impact on health. Industrial efforts to substitute with plant-based products is not completely successful at this time. This narrative article reviews the complexities of the perception of lactose intolerance, its epidemiology, and pathogenesis. Treatments are discussed, including the inappropriateness of dairy avoidance. In conjunction, effects of dairy products on 19 common diseases are reviewed. Different methods of treatment, lactose-reduced products, plant-based dairy substitutes, adaptation, prebiotics, exogenous lactase, probiotics, and some other dietary interventions are further discussed.
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PMID:Lactose Intolerance, Dairy Avoidance, and Treatment Options. 3055 37