Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.2.1.108 (lactase)
 2,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

For evaluation of 14CO2-breath-tests the three most employed tests, namely glycero-14C-tripalmitate-test, 14C-lactose-tolerance-test, and 14C-glycin-cholate-test, were performed in healthy volunteers (n = 69), patients with chronic pancreatitis (n = 18), manifest malassimilation (n = 8), lactase deficiency (n = 15), and patients, in whom a disturbed enterohepatic bile salt circulation was suspected (n = 19). Usefulness of malabsorption tests was limited by many false normal results. Cholylglycin-breath-test on the other hand was sensitive, but clinical significance remained questionable. In our opinion simple performance and lacking discomfort are no sufficient arguments for 14CO2-breath-test.
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PMID:[14CO2 exhalation tests. Diagnostic improvement in gastroenterologic diseases]. 96 89

Digestive enzymatic activities (disaccharidases, alkaline phosphatase, peptide hydrolases) have been determined in the mucosa of 14 patients with chronic pancreatitis. All had an abnormal secretin-pancreozymin test. Four patients had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, four a pathological glucose tolerance test. Nine patients had steatorrhoea. Maltase, sucrase, and alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly elevated in patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, whereas those of lactase, trehalase, and peptide hydrolase were normal. Patients with steatorrhoea had higher maltase and sucrase activity than those without steatorrhoea, whereas decreased glucose tolerance had no effect on brush border enzymatic activity. It is suggested thatdecreased exocrine rather than decreased endocrine pancreatic function is responsible for the increase in intestinal disaccharidase and alkaline phosphatase activity, possible by the influence of pacreatic enzymes on the turnover of brush border enzymes from the luminal side of the mucosal membranes or by direct hormonal stimulation though cholecystokinin.
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PMID:Influence of exocrine and endocrine pancreatic function on intestinal brush border enaymatic activities. 109 2

In a retrospective study, jejunal mucosal disaccharidase and alkaline phosphatase activities have been investigated in 40 controls and patients with proven celiac sprue (n = 26), lactase deficiency (n = 26), osteoporosis or osteomalacia (n = 16), chronic pancreatitis (n = 12), giardiasis (n = 7), or Crohn's disease (n = 7). Apart from a nonselective reduction of mucosal enzyme activities in the sprue syndrome and a selective reduction of lactase activity in the patients with primary lactase deficiency, assays of mucosal disaccharidases revealed only inconstant or slight deviations from the control group and were not of diagnostic significance for any of the above-mentioned disorders. Isolated forms of enzyme deficiencies other than lactase deficiency, such as sucrase-isomaltase or trehalase deficiency were not present among 168 investigations carried out from 1972-1982. It is concluded that assay of small intestinal disaccharidase or alkaline phosphatase activities does not expand the diagnostic impact of morphological examination of small bowel biopsy specimens and modern noninvasive methods for the detection of carbohydrate malabsorption. Thus, the method does not appear a necessary or relevant investigation in routine clinical practice.
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PMID:Is the assay of disaccharidase activity in small bowel mucosal biopsy relevant for clinical gastroenterologists? 274 34

Invasive tests to diagnose patients with gastrointestinal disease are rapidly being replaced by procedures which enable organ function to be assessed by monitoring the product of a metabolic reaction in readily available materials such as breath, blood, and urine. Examples of these approaches that will be assessed in this review include the hydrogen breath test for lactase deficiency, radioactive carbon dioxide breath measurements to test for fat digestion and absorption, and tests of pancreatic function based upon synthetic substrates from which fluorescein or para-aminobenzoic acid can be liberated by pancreas-specific enzymes. Significant advances have been made in improving the organ sensitivity of enzyme determinations. The determination of amylase isoenzymes has been less useful than the measurement of immunoreactive trypsin; this latter enzyme is greatly elevated in the blood of neonates with cystic fibrosis, whereas serum levels are greatly depressed in cystic fibrosis patients with pancreatic insufficiency as well as in most patients with steatorrhea due to chronic pancreatitis. Many of these tests are now becoming standard procedures in the investigation of infants with gastrointestinal disease.
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PMID:The noninvasive biochemical diagnosis of gastrointestinal disease, with special reference to children. 621 Jan 70