Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.6.4 (chondroitinase)
 2,039 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The extracellular production of hyaluronidase and chondroitin sulfatase was demonstrated in all of the subspecies of Bacteroides fragilis tested with the exception of B. fragilis subsp. vulgatus. Elastase was found only in one strain of B. coagulans tested. This appears to be the first report of these enzyme activities in this genus. Additional enzymes found to be produced by certain members othis genus were fibrinolysin, penicillinase, lysozyme, lecithinase, deoxyribonuclease, phosphatase, protease, and lipase.
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PMID:Extracellular enzymes of the genus Bacteroides. 18 84

The production of chondroitin sulfatase, hyaluronidase, deoxyribonuclease, gelatinase, phosphatase, lecithinase, and hemolysins was examined in 95 strains of Propionibacterium acnes and four related species of anaerobic, respectively, microaerophilic coryneform bacteria (P. avidum, P. lymphophilum, P. granulosum, and Corynebacterium minutissimum). All enzymes could be demonstrated in at least one representative of the species tested. Those Propionibacterium species most frequently found in acne vulgaris lesions, i.e., P. acnes and P. granulosum, proved to be the most active organisms concerning the production of the enzymes tested. P. avidum, on the other hand, showed the highest rate of hemolytic activity.
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PMID:Enzymatic and hemolytic properties of Propionibacterium acnes and related bacteria. 20 61

Thirty-nine strains of gram-positive microaerophilic cocci isolated from cases of heifer and dry-cow mastitis were biochemically characterized with the API 50E and API-ZYM test kit systems, gas-liquid chromatography for analysis of end products of glucose metabolism, and anaerobic biochemical tests (L. V. Holdeman, E. P. Cato, and W. E. C. Moore, Anaerobe Laboratory Manual, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, 1977). Strains were screened for production of a variety of extracellular enzymes on substrate-containing agar plates and for hemolysin and coagulase production. Antibiotic susceptibility and sensitivity tests were also performed. The microaerophilic cocci displayed homogeneity with respect to the majority of the biochemical tests used; i.e., greater than or equal to 90% of the strains were consistently positive or negative in any one test and probably represent one species. All produced deoxyribonuclease, ribonuclease, and hyaluronidase, and 92% were positive for chondroitin sulfatase. Catalase and coagulase tests were negative. Greening was observed on bovine blood agar. Acetic and succinic acids were produced by all strains as the only detectable products of glucose metabolism. The strains were susceptible to penicillin G, cefoxitin, doxycycline, and chloramphenicol and were resistant to clindamycin, novobiocin, and metronidazole. Their taxonomic position remains unclear.
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PMID:Biochemical characterization of unidentified microaerophilic cocci isolated from heifer and dry-cow mastitis. 39 19

Different cell types within developing chick skeletal muscle were assayed for their ability to release factors into culture media which could affect the survival and neuritic development of labelled motoneurones and lateral motor column explants. Enriched cultures of myotubes, myoblasts, fibroblasts and mesenchyme were prepared by selective preplating and trypsinisation techniques. Degrees of enrichment were assessed immunofluorescently and morphologically; fibroblasts were the main contaminating cell type. Medium conditioned over each cell type was then tested in dose-response assay against both explants and dissociated motoneurones. In both cases the myotube conditioned medium (MCM) promoted the greatest levels of both survival and neuritic outgrowth, and had the greatest relative potency of all of the cell types. When MCM was preincubated over polycationic substrata, it lost the ability to promote neuritic growth; this could be restored if fresh conditioned medium (CM) was added to the cultures. Thus it was demonstrated that within the MCM there are physically separable agents responsible for neurone survival and neurite expression. The neurite-promoting factor (NPF) within the MCM was stable to collagenase, deoxyribonuclease, neuraminidase and chondroitinase ABC, but was destroyed by trypsin and heparinase. These results imply that a heparan sulfate proteoglycan is essential for the activity of the factor.
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PMID:Motoneurone survival and neuritic outgrowth promoted by different cell types in embryonic muscle. 402 82

Rat sympathetic neurons, plated onto extracellular matrix produced by cultured bovine corneal endothelial cells, rapidly extended neurites in the absence of nerve growth factor (NGF). The response was unaffected by antiserum to NGF. Rapid outgrowth also occurred when sympathetic neurons were plated onto polylysine-coated surfaces that had been exposed to serum-free medium conditioned by corneal endothelial cells (CMSF). A response was seen even when the neurons were cultured without serum. When plated onto a polylysine-coated dish treated with CMSF over half its surface, only the neurons on the treated half extended neurites. The active factor in CMSF was destroyed by trypsin, acid (pH 1.6), base (pH 12.7), or heating to 80 degrees C; it was stable to heating to 60 degrees C, collagenase, deoxyribonuclease, and neuraminidase. The factor elutes just after the void volume of a Sepharose 6B column. In associative cesium chloride gradients, it sediments as a peak centered at a density of 1.36-1.37, corresponding to a peak of material that can be biosynthetically labeled with [35S]sulfate or [3H]leucine. Material from this fraction was inactivated by heparinase, but not chondroitinase ABC, implying that a heparin sulfate proteoglycan is essential for the factor's activity. Inactivation by contaminants in the heparinase preparation was ruled out. Further purification indicated that the active factor may exist as an aggregate containing a heparin sulfate proteoglycan and other molecules. CMSF also promoted neurite outgrowth by other types of neurons. Furthermore, a variety of cell types were shown to produce factors similar to that in CMSF.
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PMID:Characterization of a factor that promotes neurite outgrowth: evidence linking activity to a heparan sulfate proteoglycan. 621 11

All strains of Legionella pneumophila tested produced detectable levels of extracellular protease, phosphatase, lipase, deoxyribonuclease, ribonuclease, and beta-lactamase activity. Weak starch hydrolysis was also demonstrated for all strains. Elastase, collagenase, phospholipase C, hyaluronidase, chondroitinase, neuraminidase, or coagulase were not detected in any of these laboratory-maintained strains.
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PMID:Extracellular enzymes of Legionella pneumophila. 626 49

A transplantable colorectal adenocarcinoma and the normal colonic mucosa derived from rats of ACI/N strain were digested successively with pronase, deoxyribonuclease, chondroitinase ABC, and heparitinase to obtain the corresponding glycopeptide fractions. The amino acid compositions of these two fractions suggested that the polypeptide backbones were quite similar. However, the electrostatic net charges of these fractions were shown to be different by cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis, ion exchange chromatography, and measurement of sialic acid contents. The glycopeptide fraction derived from adenocarcinoma contained much greater quantities of less acidic glycopeptides than that derived from the normal colonic mucosa. The former exhibited much stronger blood group A and H activities than the latter. Moreover, the former reacted with Ricinus communis lectin I, whereas the latter did not react with this lectin. These results indicate that the carbohydrate structures of tumor sialoglycoproteins are different from those of the corresponding ones in the normal tissue from which the tumor has originated.
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PMID:Sialoglycopeptides obtained from a transplantable rat colorectal adenocarcinoma: a comparison with those from normal colonic mucosa. 688 96