Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.6.1 (sulfatase)
 3,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-11, TNF, IFN-gamma, and TGF-beta) and growth factors (EGF, bFGF, aFGF, and KGF) play an important role in modulation of hormone secretion by directly influencing specific enzyme steps of steroidogenesis in various endocrine cell types. For this tabular data collection, the following enzyme steps were considered: steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), side chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc), 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (P450c17), 17-beta-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase, aromatase complex, 5-alpha-reductase, P450c21, DHEAS sulfatase, and DHEA sulfotransferase. This collection summarizes the current information on how the mentioned cytokines and growth factors influence particular enzyme steps.
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PMID:Influence of cytokines and growth factors on distinct steroidogenic enzymes in vitro: a short tabular data collection. 1211 70

Expression analysis by reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR indicates that human adipose tissue is not likely to perform de novo synthesis of steroid hormones from cholesterol because the mRNAs of cytochromes P450scc and P450c17, and of the steroidogenic-related proteins, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein and steroidogenic factor 1, were not detected. Instead, our data support an intracrine role of adipose tissue, in which adrenal dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), the most abundant circulating androgen in man, is selectively uptaken, desulfated, and converted into bioactive androgens and estrogens. Three organic anion-transporting polypeptides-B, -D, and -E, presumably involved in DHEA-S transmembrane transport, were demonstrated at the mRNA level. While sulfotransferase expression was not found, the occurrence of steroid sulfatase (STS), converting DHEA-S to DHEA, was established at the mRNA, protein and catalytic activity levels. The 5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends analysis showed that STS transcription in adipose tissue is regulated by the use of two promoters which differ from the prevalent placental one. The adipose transcripts contain a distinct untranslated first exon, 0a or 0b, followed by a common partially translated exon 1b, and nine other exons that are also shared by the main placental transcript. The presence of an upstream open reading frame in the new transcript variants could lead to an N-terminal divergence restricted to the cleavable signal peptide and thus not interfering with the catalytic activity of the mature STS protein. The adipose transcripts are also present in the placenta as minor isoforms. Western blotting revealed the characteristic approximately 64 kDa band of STS in both the placenta and adipose tissue. The specific enzymatic activity of STS in adipocytes was 118 pmol/10(6) cells per hour, about 50-100 times lower than in the placenta. A similar rate of [3H] DHEA-S uptake plus desulfation was measured in preadipocytes and adipocytes, equivalent to 40-45 pmol/10(6) cells per hour. Thus, an excessive accumulation of fat may out-compete other peripheral organs that are also dependent on intracrine DHEA-S utilization, especially when the adrenal production is low or declining with aging.
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PMID:Tissue-specific transcriptional initiation and activity of steroid sulfatase complementing dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate uptake and intracrine steroid activations in human adipose tissue. 1683 17

In domestic cats, luteal phases of pregnancy and pseudopregnancy (non-pregnant luteal phase) differ in the course and level of plasma progesterone (P4). Therefore, we assumed differences in luteal steroidogenic capacities. Here we present a comprehensive analysis of intraluteal steroid biogenesis in the domestic cat. We quantitatively measured relative mRNA levels of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR), cytochrome P450 oxidases (CYP), hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSD), steroid reductase (SRD) and enzymes involved in sulfoconjugation of steroids, i.e. sulfotransferase (SULT) and sulfatase (STS). Protein expression was analysed by Western Blot for HSD3B. Additionally, intraluteal steroid contents were determined. During the pseudopregnant luteal phase, expression of STAR (p=0.005), HSD3B1 (p<0.0001), CYP19A1 (p<0.0001) and HSD17B7 (p=0.008) decreased from formation of the corpus luteum (CL) onwards. HSD3B protein expression was highest in the development/maintenance stage of CL and declined during the subsequent luteal phase of pregnancy and pseudopregnancy. This was in accordance with decreasing intraluteal levels of P4, oestrogens and androgens. In contrast, expression of SRD5A1 (p<0.001) increased with progression through stages of the pseudopregnant CL, being indicative of P4 metabolism via an alternate pathway to dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Compared to the formation stage, expression of SULT1E1 was higher in all other luteal stages of pseudopregnancy (p=0.004), implying a potential sulfoconjugation of oestrogens. Expression of CYP11A1 and CYP17A1 was unaffected by the luteal stage (p>0.05), suggesting a permanent capacity of cat CL to convert progestogens via androgen and oestrogen pathways. In general, mRNA expression profiles of steroidogenic enzymes during the pregnant luteal phase reflected the pseudopregnancy profiles. Intraluteal oestrogen (p<0.0001) and androgen (p=0.008) levels were higher in the formation stage compared to the following luteal stages of pseudopregnancy. Concentrations of P4 were higher in the development/maintenance compared to the regression stages (p=0.01). We conclude that cat CL of the same histomorphological stage are characterised by identical steroidogenic capacities independently of an on-going pregnancy.
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PMID:Corpora lutea of pregnant and pseudopregnant domestic cats reveal similar steroidogenic capacities during the luteal life span. 2513 35