Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.6.1 (sulfatase)
 3,205 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Discoloration of urine is not uncommonly encountered in clinical practice and may indicate a significant pathology. However, the majority of instances are benign and occur as the result of trauma to the urological system during procedures or ingestions of substances such as medication or food. Purple discoloration of a urinary catheter bag is rare and can be alarming to both patients and healthcare workers. This phenomenon is known as the purple urine bag syndrome. It is associated with urinary tract infections occurring in catheterized patients, generally elderly females with significant comorbidities and constipation. The urine is usually alkaline. Gram-negative bacteria that produce sulfatase and phosphatase are involved in the formation of pigment, indirubin and indigo. Tryptophan metabolism is involved in the pathogenesis. We present two cases of this rare and interesting phenomenon and discuss the underlying pathogenesis.
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PMID:Purple urine bag syndrome: a rare and interesting phenomenon. 1794 55

Purple urine bag syndrome is a clinical entity first described in 1978. Its typical discoloration is worrying for clinicians. In the past, these patients sometimes reached the emergency unit only because of this exceptional worrying urinary sign and underwent invasive diagnostic examinations including cystoscopy, without any abnormal finding. It is now clear that this astonishing phenomenon of double discoloration of the urine, appearing purple in the bag and dark blue in the test tube, results from the formation of 2 different pigments (indirubin and indigo) in very alkaline urines due to enzymes produced by gram-negative bacteria, such as indoxyl phosphatase/sulfatase, which can convert urinary metabolites of dietary tryptophan. Practicing physicians should identify purple urine bag syndrome as a usually benign medical condition diagnosed in asymptomatic patients, which only requires treatment of bacteriuria with antibiotics, prevention of constipation, substitution of catheter and acidification of the urine. After these measures, urine typically returns to its normal color.
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PMID:Recognizing purple bag syndrome at first look. 2294 73