Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.1.4.1 (phosphodiesterase)
 18,767 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of noradrenaline (NA) and isopropyl-noradrenaline (ISNA) on glycerol release and cAMP levels in sc adipose tissue were studied in vitro in 27 patients with hyperthyroidism. In 11 patients, the studies were repeated after 6--12 months of treatment for hyperthyroidism. A third group comprised 21 euthyroid patients otherwise healthy except for morbid obesity. The lipolytic response to ISNA, observed in untreated thyrotoxic patients, was found to be reduced by 30% when the patients were reexamined after treatment for thyrotoxicosis. This reduction was attributable to a decrease in the cAMP level. This was observed whether adipose tissue was incubated in the presence or absence of a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, theophylline. Both NA and ISNA induced 50% more rapid glycerol release and 4 times higher cAMP levels in adipose tissue of the thyrotoxic subjects than in the obese euthyroid patients. A positive correlation between tissue cAMP and glycerol release, on one hand, and mean fat cell size, on the other hand, was observed in treated thyrotoxic patients and obese euthyroid patients but was not recorded in the untreated hyperthyroid patients. The basal rate of lipolysis was not altered in thyrotoxicosis. The results suggest that the enhanced lipolytic response to catecholamines in adipose tissue of hyperthyroid patients is due to increased beta-adrenergic responsiveness. In addition, a disruption in subsequent stages of the regulatory pathway at the level of protein kinase or hormone-sensitive lipase also seems possible.
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PMID:Regulation of lipolysis by human adipose tissue in hyperthyroidism. 21 92

The value of kdiss of the "proteinkinase-cAMP" complex was increased 1.8-fold, number of the nucleotide binding sites was increased 3.7-fold with simultaneous decrease in cAMP concentration, when the cyclase system was studied in skeletal muscles of mice with experimental thyrotoxic myopathy. Activities of phosphodiesterase, adenylate cyclase, rate of activation of adenylate cyclase by adrenaline and sodium fluoride did not significantly differ as compared with normal values. Impairment of hormonal regulation of the cAMP-dependent processes is apparently responsible for multiple molecular and structural injuries in skeletal muscles in thyrotoxicosis.
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PMID:[The possible role of disruptions of the cyclic AMP system in the pathogenesis of thyrotoxic myopathies]. 632 41

Beta-adrenergic receptor blocking drugs are used in the treatment of hypertension, angina, myocardial infarction, cardiac dysrhythmia, cardiomyopathy, migraine headache, thyrotoxicosis, and glaucoma. beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents are competitive antagonist at beta(1), beta(2), or both types of adrenergic receptors. Overdoses of beta-adrenergic receptor blockers are uncommon, but are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This review article discusses the properties of beta-adrenergic receptor blockers, presents the doses of these drugs causing toxicity and doses, after ingestion of which, referral to an emergency department is recommended. Clinical presentation of overdose (the cardiovascular, neurologic manifestations, pulmonary and other complications), diagnosis, and treatment (gastrointestinal decontamination; the usage of atropine, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, glucagon, insulin; indications for cardiac pacing, extracorporeal procedures of drug removal, etc.) are analyzed. In addition, this article focuses on clinical course and prognosis of beta-blocker overdose.
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PMID:[Beta-adrenergic receptor blocker poisoning]. 1776 75