Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.1.30.2 (endonuclease)
 18,621 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.01 seconds)

An AG dinucleotide is an invariant feature of all acceptor splice sites, and deletion or substitution of (one of) these nucleotides will result in abnormal processing of the beta-globin mRNA. Restriction endonuclease mapping of DNA from an American black patient with Hb S-beta zero-thalassemia failed to detect any deletion in the beta 0-globin gene region, but cloning and sequencing of the beta 0-globin gene showed a point mutation (A----C) in the highly conserved dinucleotide AG of the acceptor splice junction of the IVS-2. Blot hybridization analysis of RNA prepared from the erythroid cells of the patient showed only RNA of normal size. The patient and her daughter, who has the same condition, have high levels of Hb F (27%-35%); the mechanism responsible for the greatly increased gamma chain production remains unclear.
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PMID:The beta zero-thalassemia in an American black family is due to a single nucleotide substitution in the acceptor splice junction of the second intervening sequence. 242 1

Members of a Black family from Georgia who were investigated for the first time in 1960 and several times thereafter were reinvestigated through DNA restriction endonuclease analyses and haplotyping, while the gamma chain heterogeneity of the Hb F was reevaluated using a newly developed HPLC procedure. Four different abnormalities were present. (a) Heterozygosity for G gamma A gamma-HPFH type II characterized by a large deletion involving the delta and beta globin genes with a 5' end within the psi beta gene. (b) Heterozygosity for an -epsilon-G gamma-G gamma-psi beta-delta-beta S-chromosome, thus carrying a beta S globin gene and two G gamma genes instead of one G gamma and one A gamma gene. (c) Heterozygosity for an -epsilon-G gamma-A gamma T-psi beta-delta-beta S-chromosome, carrying the beta S globin gene and an allele of the A gamma (or A gamma I) gene. These three chromosomes occurred in combination with each other, resulting in SS and S-HPFH conditions, and with a normal -epsilon-G gamma-A gamma-psi beta-delta-beta A-chromosome resulting in the HPFH and Hb S heterozygosities. The presence of the -G gamma-G gamma- and -G gamma-A gamma T-chromosomes in the one SS patient was responsible for the high G gamma value (average 75%), 25% A gamma T chain, and for the absence of the A gamma I chain. (d) An alpha-thalassemia-2 heterozygosity in one member.
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PMID:Hemoglobin abnormalities in a black family with HB S, hereditary persistence of HB F, and a gamma chain variant; a reevaluation through gene mapping. 608 52

Individuals heterozygous for the Greek (A gamma) variant of hereditary persistence of fetal haemoglobin (HPFH) synthesize Hb F whose gamma-globin chains are predominantly of the A gamma type. DNA obtained from Greek HPFH heterozygotes was used to test for abnormalities in the organization of non alpha-globin genes. In addition, gamma- and beta-globin expression was studied in BFUe cultures. Restriction endonuclease mapping showed that the G gamma, delta and beta genes in cis to the Greek HPFH determinant are intact. Overproduction of gamma-globin chains synthesis was observed in the BFUe cultures. A significant portion of the gamma chain synthesis was of the G gamma type, suggesting that the G gamma genes cis and trans to the HPFH chromosome are active in culture. DNA mapping data indicate that in contrast to G gamma A gamma HPFH and the G gamma (delta beta) thalassaemia, the Greek (A gamma) HPFH is not due to a large deletion in the non-alpha globin gene region. It is possible that the anomaly may result either from a small deletion or point mutation which influences non alpha-globin transcription. The in vitro synthesis data suggest that the low level of G gamma-globin chain synthesis in vivo is not the result of transcriptional inactivation of the G gamma gene, since this gene appears to be expressed in erythroid cell cultures. We speculate that the genetic lesion in Greek (A gamma) HPFH is in regulatory sequences which control the level of G gamma and A gamma expression during development.
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PMID:Greek (A gamma) variant of hereditary persistence of fetal haemoglobin: globin gene organization and studies of expression of fetal haemoglobins in clonal erythroid cultures. 617 32

A symptomless Iranian patient homozygous for beta thalassaemia has haematological changes similar to the beta thalassaemia trait. This remarkably mild phenotype is probably the result of coexistent alpha thalassaemia and increased gamma chain synthesis. Restriction endonuclease mapping analysis of the beta globin genes indicates that the patient is homozygous for a single nucleotide substitution at the 5' donor splice junction in the second intervening sequence of the beta globin gene. No other changes were observed in the non-alpha globin gene cluster. It seems unlikely that the augmented gamma chain synthesis in this patient is related to the molecular defect responsible for this beta o thalassaemia.
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PMID:The molecular basis for beta o thalassaemia intermedia in an Iranian individual. 628 64

The first example of a deletion of one of the two gamma globin genes has been characterized through an analysis of the DNA of the heterozygous parent of a homozygous newborn, using restriction endonuclease mapping techniques. A deletion of approximately 5 kb was observed which was probably caused by an unequal crossing-over between the -G gamma- and -A gamma- genes resulting in the formation of a -G gamma A gamma- hybrid gene. Data on proportions of G gamma and A gamma chains in newborn babies assumed to be heterozygous for the hybrid and normal genes suggest that this hybrid gene may be producing its A gamma chain at levels normally seen only for the G gamma chain.
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PMID:Gamma thalassemia resulting from the deletion of a gamma-globin gene. 630 96