Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.1.30.2 (endonuclease)
18,621 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The mean number of cases of Clostridium difficile diarrhea at the Minneapolis Veterans Administration Medical Center increased to 17.3 per month in June-August 1985, compared with 7.1 per month in the previous 17 mo. Plasmid profiles and clindamycin susceptibility were used as markers to evaluate the increase in cases. Ninety clindamycin-resistant and 22 clindamycin-susceptible isolates of C. difficile from 1985 were examined for plasmids. A clindamycin-resistant organism contained a cryptic plasmid of 3.1 kilobases (kb). None of the clindamycin-susceptible isolates contained the 3.1-kb plasmid, as compared with 40 of 90 clindamycin-resistant isolates (P less than .005). Restriction endonuclease digestion and Southern blot hybridization were used to confirm the identity of the 3.1-kb plasmid between strains. Isolates retained clindamycin resistance after plasmid curing. It could not be determined if the organism responsible was an indigenous C. difficile strain that acquired a plasmid or was a new strain introduced from outside the hospital.
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PMID:Characterization of a nosocomial Clostridium difficile outbreak by using plasmid profile typing and clindamycin susceptibility testing. 284 14

Examination of a series of isolates of Providencia stuartii collected over an 18 month period from a chronic-care patient at Bristol Royal Infirmary revealed the emergence of resistance to carbenicillin. Resistance was mediated by a 47 kb plasmid which transferred by conjugation to a plasmid-free strain of P. stuartii but not to Escherichia coli. Carbenicillin-sensitive isolates were either plasmid-free or contained a 36 kb cryptic plasmid. Restriction endonuclease mapping of this plasmid showed it to be closely related to 32 kb and 34 kb cryptic plasmids reported previously in P. stuartii from Bristol. Mapping of the R plasmid showed it to be derived from the 34 kb cryptic plasmid by transposition of two copies of Tn1.
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PMID:Evolution of an R plasmid from a cryptic plasmid by transposition of two copies of Tn1 in Providencia stuartii. 298 41

Of 23 strains of Streptococcus thermophilus examined, 5 were found to contain a single small cryptic plasmid, designated pHM1 through pHM5. Through analysis by restriction endonuclease mapping and DNA-DNA hybridization, the five plasmids were found to be closely related. They were present in 4 to 18 copies per cell and ranged in size from 1.4 to 2.2 megadaltons. Plasmids pHM1 and pHM5, as well as pHM2 and pHM4, were found to be identical. Single restriction endonuclease sites were observed on each plasmid for PvuII and MboI. Plasmids pHM2 and pHM3 each had an additional single site for HhaI, and pHM1 had an additional single site for HindIII. The characteristics of these plasmids may make them useful for the development of cloning vectors for use in S. thermophilus.
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PMID:Isolation and partial characterization of plasmid DNA from Streptococcus thermophilus. 300 69

Strain PP808 of Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola contains pEXC8080 (34.6 kb), the smallest of several plasmids that originated by partial excision of the cryptic plasmid, pMMC7105 (150 kb), from the host chromosome. This excision plasmid is derived entirely of sequences from pMMC7105 and contains a 24 kb region referred to as common DNA, which is present in each of the other excision plasmids. A six enzyme restriction endonuclease map was constructed of pEXC8080. The replication region was mapped by identifying small restriction fragments that conferred replication properties to pMB1 plasmids that otherwise fail to replicate in Pseudomonas. This region is located within the common DNA and is 0.8-3.8 kb in size. Sequences from pEXC8080 failed to stabilize pMB1 derivatives in Pseudomonas in the absence of antibiotic selection, but stability functions were mapped to a region of pMMC7105 that presumably remains integrated in the chromosome of strain PP808. An incompatibility region was mapped to a 7.3 kb region on pEXC8080 that is closely linked to, but not included within, the replication region. The recombination site was mapped to a 1.2 kb region of the fusion fragment that was formed upon excision of pEXC8080. RS-I, a repetitive sequence found on pMMC7105 was present in the fusion fragment at the site of recombination. RS-I was also mapped to BamHI fragments that recombined upon excision of pEXC8080 and suggest that it provides sites for homologous recombination.
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PMID:Identification and mapping of regions that confer plasmid functions and of sites for excisive recombination of plasmid pMMC7105. 303 36

Four small cryptic plasmids were isolated from Lactobacillus casei strains, and restriction endonuclease maps of these plasmids were constructed. Three of the small plasmids (pLZ18C, pLZ19E, and pLZ19F1; 6.4, 4.9, and 4.8 kilobase pairs, respectively) were cloned into Escherichia coli K-12 by using pBR322, pACYC184, and pUC8 as vectors. Two of the plasmids, pLZ18C and pLZ19E, were also cloned into Streptococcus sanguis by using pVA1 as the vector. Hybridization by using nick-translated cloned 32P-labeled L. casei plasmid DNA as the probe revealed that none of the cryptic plasmids had appreciable DNA-DNA homology with the large lactose plasmids found in the L. casei strains, with chromosomal DNAs isolated from these strains. Partial homology was detected among several plasmids isolated from different strains, but not among cryptic plasmids isolated from the same strain.
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PMID:Characterization and molecular cloning of cryptic plasmids isolated from Lactobacillus casei. 392 29

The distribution of cryptic plasmids among 123 isolates of Providencia stuarti from a hospital ward during a prospective epidemiological study is reported. Two closely related stable plasmids (34 Kb and 36 Kb) were identified by restriction endonuclease digest analysis of plasmid DNA. One or other of these cryptic plasmids was carried by 40 isolates, the remainder were plasmid-free. A higher proportion of one cryptic plasmid (CPT-A) was found in environmental isolates than in isolates from patients. The serotype of all isolates of P. stuarti was O63 and they were epidemiologically related. Two of the eight patients colonised by P. stuarti carried all three possible variants: plasmid-free (PFI) strains or strains containing cryptic plasmid A (CPT-A) or cryptic plasmid B (CPT-B). The epidemiological significance of these results is discussed.
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PMID:Cryptic plasmids in hospital isolates of Providencia stuarti. 609 40

Male and female human placenta DNA was fractionated in an Ag+-Cs2SO4 density gradient. The different fractions along the gradient were analyzed by Hae III endonuclease digestion. Within the main band DNA on the light side a component having a Hae III digestion pattern similar to that of human satellite III DNA has been identified. This component which might be defined as a cryptic satellite accounts for at least 3% of the total human DNA and has a different position than human satellite III in Ag+-Cs2SO4.
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PMID:Repeated nucleotide sequences in human main band DNA. 615 2

Changes in the patterns produced by annealing restriction endonuclease digests of bacterial genomes with probe deoxyribonucleic acids (DNAs) containing small portions of a bacterial genome provide sensitive indicator of the degree of nucleotide sequence relatedness that exists in localized regions of the genomes of closely related bacteria. We have used five probe DNAs to explore the relatedness of parts of the genomes of six laboratory Escherichi coli strains. A range in in the amount of variability in the positions of restriction enzyme cleavage sites in the selected portions of the genomes was found. Portions of the genome that are believed to be inacative were more variable than portions that contained functional genes: the sites in and near regions of homology to phage lambda DNA in the genome showed the greatest variability. These regions probably represent remnants of cryptic prophages. Variability was assessed pairwise among four of the E. coli strains and ranged from 5 to > 25% base pair substitutions in the lambda-related regions. In contrast, the endonuclease cleavage sites in the trp, tna, lac, thy regions, and one other as-yet-unidentified segment of the genome were more highly conserved. It seems likely that these sites lie in genetic locations that are subject to functional constraints.
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PMID:Conservation and variation of nucleotide sequences within related bacterial genomes: Escherichia coli strains. 624 90

Chimeric plasmids, which were useful as cloning vehicles in a Streptococcus sanguis (Challis) host vector system, have been constructed. By using three different strategies of restriction endonuclease digestion and ligation, a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragment bearing an erythromycin resistance determinant was ligated in vitro to a phenotypially cryptic plasmid from Streptococcus ferus. Recombinant plasmids could be recovered after transformation of S. sanguis (Challis) with these preparations. Three useful chimeras were constructed. pVA680, 5.5 megadaltons in size, contained a single KpnI site into which passenger DNA may be spliced. pVA736, 5.0 megadaltons in size, contained single EcoRI, HindIII, and KpnI sites into which passenger DNA may be spliced. The EcoRI and KpnI sites of pVA736 may be used in combination with one another when ligating DNA into this plasmid. pVA738, 3.7 megadaltons in size, contained single HindIII and AvaI sites into which passenger DNA may be spliced. pVA680, pVA736, and pVA738 were stably maintained as multicopy plasmids in S. sanguis (Challis). None of them continued to replicate (amplify) in chloramphenicol-treated cells. By using pVA736 as a vector, we have cloned a chloramphenicol resistance determinant obtained from a large, conjugative streptococcal R plasmid. In addition, chromosomal DNA sequences from Streptococcus mutans have been inserted into pVA736 by using the KpnI-EcoRI site combination.
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PMID:Chimeric streptococcal plasmids and their use as molecular cloning vehicles in Streptococcus sanguis (Challis). 625 Oct 30

GCL3, a beta-lactamase-producing, penicillin resistant strain of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in Toulouse (France), and GCL51, a penicillin susceptible strain, were examined for their plasmid content. Agarose-gel electrophoresis following or not ultracentrifugation in a cesium chloride-ethidium bromide gradients, revealed, for both strains a 3.9-kilobase (kb) (2.6 megadaltons) cryptic plasmid. Penicillin resistant strain GCL3 also contained a 37 kb (24.5 megadaltons) and a 7.3 kb (4.8 megadaltons) plasmid. Transformation studies showed that the gene responsible for beta-lactamase production was carried by the 7.3-kb plasmid. E. coli cells transformed for ampicillin resistance by plasmid DNA from GCL3, contained a single 7.3 kb-plasmid. The restriction endonuclease cleavage map obtained for this plasmid indicated that it is closely related to a penicillin R plasmid previously described in a strain isolated in the USA. The first isolation in the Midi-Pyrenees area of a beta-lactamase-producing strain proved the necessity of a rigorous surveillance of N. gonorrhoeae strains isolated in the world.
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PMID:[Isolation and characterization of a beta-lactamase-specifying plasmid in a strain of "neisseria gonorrhoeae" (author's transl)]. 627 Oct 37


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